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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Community support for families: the Huron County approach to a long-term care issue.

This article profiles a pilot project in Huron County, Ontario, which merged two separate government-sponsored programs that provide support to families with disabled children into a single program delivered through a community agency. After almost ten years in operation, the program is working very well, but certain adjustments are necessary to keep the program running smoothly.

Child↗
PubMed2001

A study of quality assessment in clinical microbiology performance of independent laboratories in Tokyo: 18-year participation in the Tokyo Metropolitan Government External Quality Assessment Program.

We evaluated the performance of independent microbiology laboratories in Tokyo over an 18-year period of participation in the external quality assessment (EQA) program, and we estimated the impact of the EQA program. The study design was a longitudinal retrospective analysis of performance, including isolation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacteria from simulated patients' samples, in "open" surveys compared with "blind" surveys. Independent microbiology laboratories, licensed by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, have been subject to mandatory evaluation by the EQA program since 1982. Survey reports, correspondence, annual guidance meetings, and inspections are used as quality improvement strategies. The performance for identification in "blind" surveys was significantly worse than that in "open" surveys (P < 0.001). Poorly performing laboratories had common features, including inadequate supervision by physicians and lack of familiarity with the impact of variations on the use of the standards. However, there were improvements in the performance of identification of some pathogens. The performance of susceptibility testing has not yet reached the relatively high level seen for identification. Some of the smaller laboratories have been gradually acquired by commercial chains operating outside Tokyo. The EQA program has established a role both in regard to laboratory improvement and as an educational tool. However, the program lags behind these of other developed countries in regard to the practical sciences. The main problems in regard to laboratory improvements are a shortage of human resources in clinical microbiology, lack of standardization of laboratory methods, and the pressures of financial constraints in the Japanese medical insurance system.

Data Collection↗
PubMed2001

Exclusion from participation in medicare and medicaid: some selected features and distinctions from state and federal law.

The sanction of exclusion of a practitioner from participation in government funded healthcare programs because of his own health program offenses has existed since 1977 under federal laws and 1997 under state statutes. Now, severe Civil Monetary Penalties can be assessed in addition to exclusion; and, practitioners can be severely fined, as well as themselves excluded, if they hire someone excluded while at other employment, if that new employee's services are reimbursed, directly or indirectly, by a federal health care program even if that excluded employee does not furnish direct patient care to the government program beneficiary.

Health Services Misuse↗
PubMed1994

Immunization programs and their costs.

The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) has made considerable progress towards immunizing the world's women and children, preventing 3.2 million child death episodes per year from measles, neonatal tetanus, and pertussis, as well as 440,000 cases of paralytic poliomyelitis. Vaccinations provided through the EPI are believed to be one of the most cost-effective child survival interventions at a cost between $5 and $10 per child. However, variation exists in the average cost per fully immunized child, depending upon the type of vaccine technology and delivery strategy utilized, the scale of operation, and country and environmental characteristics. Recent evidence on the cost-effectiveness of immunization strategies raise concerns over the affordability of national immunization programs by governments and highlights the need for continued donor support, identification of other financing mechanisms, or reconsideration of policies aimed toward accelerating and maintaining immunization coverage.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Payment method for health care services under the Supplemental Health Care Program for Active Duty Members of the Uniformed Services; adoption of CHAMPUS procedures--DoD. Final rule.

This final rule partially implements 10 U.S.C. 1074(c), as amended by section 729 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991, Public Law 101-189. The recent amendment authorizes the Department of Defense to establish for the active duty supplemental care program payment rules similar to those used under the Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services (CHAMPUS). The supplemental care program is the program which provides for the payment to civilian (non federal-governmental) health care providers for care provided to active duty members of the uniformed services. This final rule would adopt CHAMPUS payment amounts for the supplemental care program.

Government Agencies↗