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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Hypoxic-ischemic leukoencephalopathy in man.

Three cases of hypoxic-ischemic leukoencephalopathy were studied. In two patients, the neurologic disorder followed drug overdosage; in the third, the apparent precipitating event was a postoperative myocardial infarction complicated by circulatory insufficiency. All patients were deeply unresponsive, with varying reflex patterns. In all three cases, the brain showed extensive symmetrical necrotic lesions of the central white matter, with minimal damage to gray matter structures. The lesions in case 3 showed, in addition, vascular necrosis and ring hemorrhages. Common to all cases was a prolonged period of hypoxemia, hypotension, and elevated venous pressure. Acidosis occurred in two. These observations and analysis of previous reports of similar cases suggest that leukoencephalopathy tends to occur when the hypoxemia is prolonged and is associated with periods of hypotension and metabolic imbalance.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Accidental poisoning with psychotropic drugs in children.

Seventy-seven (0.24%) of 32,005 admissions to the Massachusetts General Hospital pediatric service during the period 1962 to 1973 were due to accidental poisoning. In 27 cases, mostly involving children less than 6 years of age, psychotropic drugs were implicated. These included sedative-hypnotics in six cases, phenytoin in two, major tranquilizers in five, antidepressants in three, stimulants or hallucinogens in three, and drug mixtures in eight. Toxicologic analyses contributed little to diagnosis and initial management. Except for one child who ingested ferrous sulfate, no patient was seriously intoxicated, and all recovered rapidly without sequelae. Although referral of serious poisoning cases to another hospital may have biased the results, the findings suggest that accidental psychotropic drug poisoning is not a major source of childhood morbidity.

Amobarbital↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enantioselective separation of several piperidine-2, 6-diones on a covalently bonded cellulose 3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate/10-undecenoate chiral selector.

A series of piperidine-2, 6-dione drugs were enantiomerically resolved on a covalently bonded cellulose 3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate/10-undecenoate chiral stationary phase (CSP), under normal- or reversed-phase conditions. A single column that can be applied in both modes may be advantageous when considering the shorter setup time required and the solubility of the compound to be analysed since many samples possess different solubilities. The covalently bonded CSP was compared to a commercially available chiral adsorbent, Chiralcel OD, which was previously used in our laboratory for the enantiomeric resolution of the above-mentioned drug series. Chiralcel OD is used in the normal-phase mode and is more fragile than the column used in this study. The user is restricted to the range of solvents available as eluents. Hence, it was of interest to look at the possible advantages of using a chemically bonded phase that can be applied in dual mode.

Aminoglutethimide↗
PubMed1989

Stereoselectivity at muscarinic receptor subtypes: observations with the enantiomers of phenglutarimide.

The affinity of the enantiomers of phenglutarimide at three muscarinic receptor subtypes was examined in vitro using field-stimulated rabbit vas deferens (M1 receptors) and guinea pig atria (M2 alpha receptors) and ileum (M2 beta receptors). Extremely high stereoselectivity was observed and higher affinities (up to 6000-fold) were found for the (+)-S-enantiomer. The stereoselectivity ratios were different at the three subtypes, and the stereochemical demands made by the muscarinic receptors were most stringent at M1 receptors. (+)-(S)-Phenglutarimide was found to be a potent M1-selective antagonist (pA2 at M1 = 8.53). Its receptor selectivity profile is qualitatively similar to that of pirenzepine. (-)-(R)-Phenglutarimide showed no comparable discriminatory properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

CHIRBASE, a graphical molecular database on the separation of enantiomers by liquid-, supercritical fluid-, and gas chromatography.

In order to cope with the increasing number of publications on the separation of enantiomers by chromatography on a chiral stationary phase, the graphical molecular database CHIRBASE was created. In the present state, the database package covers information (structural, bibliographic, and chromatographic data) on liquid-, supercritical fluid-, and gas chromatography; other methods will follow. CHIRBASE, running on the MDL software Chembase, meets the requirements of contemporary information management in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. (Detailed information including a demo-version of each part of CHIRBASE can be obtained from the authors on request).

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1994

In vitro inhibition of aromatase by the enantiomers of aminoglutethimide and analogs.

The in vitro aromatase activity in microsomal fractions from rat ovary and its inhibition by enantiomers of aminoglutethimide (AG), rogletimide (RG), and cyclohexylaminoglutethimide (ChAG) were studied by analysing the [3H]H2O released when [1 beta-3H]androstenedione was converted to estrone. Maximum velocity (Vmax) and the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of the microsomal aromatase enzyme were 17.40 +/- 0.45 pmol/ml/mg protein/min and 1.02 +/- 0.06 microM, respectively. The IC50s for the enantiomers were similar for (+)-R-AG and (-)-R-ChAG (0.86 +/- 0.06 and 0.89 +/- 0.15 microM, respectively. (+)S-ChAG was most potent with IC50 of 0.075 +/- 0.003 microM. The IC50s for (-)-S-AG, (+)-R-RG, and (-)-S-RG were in the same range (23.15 +/- 2.74, 24.58 +/- 2.46, and 24.43 +/- 2.20 microM, respectively.

Aminoglutethimide↗