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PubMed1986

The relationship between family functioning, life events, family structure, and the outcome of pregnancy.

A prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship of family functioning, family structure, and life events with pregnancy outcome. Family functioning was assessed utilizing the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES) and the Family APGAR. One hundred twenty-five infants were delivered with a mean birth weight of 3,283 g and a mean gestational age of 281.2 days. Listwise deletion of missing data reduced the study sample to 102 mother-infant pairs with no bias in the dependent or predetermined variables in the subsample. Birth weight was regressed on medical, anthropometric, risk-behavior, sociodemographic, and life-events variables, which together explained 42 percent of the variance. Family functioning was found to contribute an additional 7 percent of the variance (adjusted R2 = 0.49). Family structure accounted for 4.5 percent of the variance in birth weight, and life events added 5 percent. As a complementary analysis, infant birth weight was regressed on the medical, anthropometric, sociodemographic, risk-behavior, and life-events variables, and the residuals from this equation were then regressed on the measures of family functioning. Again, abnormal family functioning proved to be a powerful and significant contributor to the explained variance.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Family-centered care at home for families with children who are technology dependent.

The philosophy of family-centered care recognizes parents as equal in partnerships with professionals. An adapted nursing process can provide a useful mechanism for members of this partnership to create and maintain a system that promotes an optimal quality of life at home for children who are technology dependent and their families. A family-centered assessment requires the nurse to facilitate the family's self-assessment and promote a family systems perspective. The family and the nurse together develop a plan of care, with the family establishing priorities. The nurse assumes joint responsibility with the family in implementing the plan of care, and promotes the principle of normalization and the use of informal options whenever possible. Evaluation is formal, informal, and ongoing and includes the family and nurse's evaluation of both outcome and process.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The concept of family: perceptions of children in family foster care.

Forty-three children in family foster care and 42 matched controls completed the Kvebaek Family Sculpture Technique, choosing figures to represent family members and placing these on a board to indicate how close they felt to each. Each child's ideal family representation was also obtained. The children in care consistently related to their foster family, rather than their biological kin, as "family." There was no evidence that these children in care preferred to live with their biological family. These findings are limited to children in long-term care, and may be further restricted because the family foster care sample consisted of children aged eight to 15 who had no disabilities. Nevertheless, the results have implications for family foster care policy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Adolescent abortion and parental notification: evidence for the importance of family functioning on the perceived quality of parental involvement in U.S. families.

This study was an investigation of the relationship between family variables and the perceived quality of parental involvement following parental notification of an adolescent's decision to have an abortion. Demographics, family religiosity, and family functioning variables were examined. Pregnant adolescent clients from seven abortion clinics in three states completed a survey assessing their perception of the quality of parental involvement and the family variables. Only family functioning variables were significantly related to the perceived quality of parental involvement. Family adaptability (the family's ability to change its power structure, role relationships, and relationship rules in response to situational and developmental stress) was the most predictive. Adolescents from adaptable families had a more positive experience with parental involvement than adolescents from less adaptable families.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed2006

Family-based interventions for pediatric obesity: methodological and conceptual challenges from family psychology.

Family-based interventions for pediatric obesity are defined by active parent involvement in treatment. In the current review the authors examine 31 family-based interventions with published outcome data and distinguish 4 categories of family-based interventions: (a) Target a narrow range of parent behaviors related to eating/exercise and assess change only in terms of child eating, exercise, or weight; (b) target a similarly narrow range of parent behaviors but nevertheless assess program-related changes in general parenting skills or family functioning; (c) target a broad range of parent behaviors related to general parenting and family functioning but do not assess program-related changes in these areas; and (d) target general parenting or family functioning and also assess program-related changes in these areas. The authors highlight methodological and conceptual challenges facing researchers in this area and argue for an even broader family focus in family-based interventions for pediatric obesity.

Child↗
PubMed2002

Anorexia nervosa in teenagers: change in family function after family therapy, at 2-year follow-up.

Family therapy has emerged as the treatment of choice for young patients with anorexia nervosa, yet there is insufficient knowledge about what actually happens within the family unit in these cases. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how a family undergoing treatment due to an anorectic child changes their mode of functioning. Twenty-six families were studied. The concepts chosen in the study were closely linked to fundamental principles advocated by the therapeutic model used in the treatment, using a multi-method approach with both observer ratings and self-rating questionnaires. According to observer ratings, the families had changed towards a more functional pattern on all dimensions rated. They had a clearer hierarchy and a higher degree of competency. Cohesion and Adaptability had changed towards a more balanced pattern, away from enmeshment and rigidity. According to self-ratings, the families changed toward more expressiveness. Families where the patient had recovered were less enmeshed at follow-up. We also found a tendency towards higher degree of competence in these families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The care of family physicians and their families: a study of health and help-seeking behaviour.

Physicians in general are at risk for the development of stress, drug and alcohol abuse, as well as for suicide. Furthermore, the treatment of the sick physician is more difficult than that of a 'regular' patient. These difficulties may cause the postponement of diagnosis and treatment to critical stages of the disease. This paper presents a study of self-rated health and health-seeking behaviour of Israeli family physicians and their families. Our major finding is that two-thirds of the physicians do not have a regular family physician, and physicians who suffer from chronic diseases are even less likely to be treated than the 'healthy' ones. Twenty eight per cent of the physicians did not use any kind of medical consultation. However, each physician's family did receive some form of medical consultation, although in some cases this was not the usual form of medical care. The physicians who treated themselves tended to treat their own families and vice versa. Eighty-eight per cent of the physicians reported stress owing to their work (work overload, poor relationships with the medical team or with the patients), and 20% said that their work as physicians negatively affected their marital life. The relationship between the help-seeking behaviour of the family physician and the quality of care they give is as yet unclear. Various alternatives are raised for changing family physicians' behaviour as well as the primary care health system in order to possibly provide better care for the physicians and their families.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

How was it for you? Families' experiences of receiving Behavioural Family Therapy.

The benefits of family interventions for families having to cope with serious mental health problems are well documented but routine implementation of these interventions is often problematic. Despite a wealth of research on the clinical outcomes of such interventions, very little is known about families' subjective perceptions of receiving them. This study reports the findings of a phenomenological enquiry into the lived experience of 10 families who received Behavioural Family Therapy (BFT) as part of a training initiative in the West Midlands Health Region of the UK. The results show that families were very satisfied with the intervention. They reported reductions in the levels of stress within the family, reduction in levels of carer burden, enhanced communication skills and a positive sense of empowerment. They attributed these changes to receiving BFT. The majority of families viewed mental health professionals and services more favourably compared to their experiences before receiving BFT. This is an important finding for service providers, commissioners and mental heath workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The general practitioner and the family. A study of the use of general practitioners' services by families with children.

The extent of the GP's contact with families with children, and the influence of family characteristics upon the utilization of health care have been registered. Seventy-one families in a rural district in Norway were followed for two and a half years. On average, the GP had approximately one contact per month with one member of each family. Demographic family data, such as age or number of children, were not found to be of great significance for the number of contacts. Children's encounters with the GPs correlated with those of the mothers, but not with those of the fathers. The most important factors influencing the families' use of health services were the prevalence of chronic illness, psychological stability in parents, and the occurrence of changes in family composition. The gains from approaching the family as a unit are discussed.

Adolescent↗