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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Evaluation of acquired color vision defects by means of the two equation method in primary open-angle glaucoma with normal pressure and in patients from the risk group].

PURPOSE: To evaluate acquired color vision defects in glaucoma patients and glaucoma suspects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 52 subjects (102 eyes) divided into four groups (with primary open angle glaucoma, normal tension glaucoma, ocular hypertension and with glaucoma-like optic disc) were examined with the IF-2 All-Color Anomaloscope. In all cases both the red-green equation of Rayleigh and the blue-green equation of Moreland were tested and three variables were determined: setting (matching) range (SR), calculated mid point (matching mid point) (CMP) and anomalous quotient (AQ) as compared to control group. RESULTS: No significant changes were found in the variables of the Rayleigh equation. However, in the blue-green equation SR was significantly enlarged in all tested groups and CMP was significantly shifted towards the short wavelength end of the match in first three groups. These results indicate a diminution of the color discriminating sensitivity in the short wavelength half of the visible spectrum and diminution of the blue cone sensitivity in glaucoma patients as well as in ocular hypertension (p < 0.001). In patients with glaucoma-like optic disc the setting range was enlarged in less degree (p < 0.01) without changes in the remaining variables (p > 0.05) what may be indicative of early stage of disease before the perimetric changes. CONCLUSION: Blue-green colour vision testing with the anomaloscope may serve as an additional test in the diagnostics of glaucoma. Glaucoma suspects with blue colour vision disturbances require the most careful investigation and if need be the recommendation of early treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Illuminant and observer metamerism and the Hardy-Rand-Rittler color vision test editions.

A previous study identified a significant metamerism in the several editions of the Hardy-Rand-Rittller pseudoisochromatic plates (HRR) but did not proceed to quantify the consequences of that metamerism (Dain, 2004). Metamerism arises from two sources and is almost inevitable when a printed color vision test is reproduced in several editions. Metamerism has two consequences; these are illuminant/source-based changes in performance and changes in performance with observer (less well known) when assessing anomalous trichromats. This study addresses the effects of illuminant/source and observer metamerism on the fourth editions of HRR. Groups of colors intended to lie on a dichromat confusion line generally remain on a confusion line when the source id changed. The plates appear to be resistant to each form of metamerism, perhaps because the features of the spectral reflectance are similar for figure color and background gray. As a consequence, the clinician needs to be less concerned about using a non-recommended source than was previously believed.

Color Perception↗
PubMed1991

[Mass screening of blue color vision in divers with the desaturated Lanthony-15-Hue Test].

We tested 1002 persons, 572 divers (including 38 who had diving accidents) and 430 nondivers, for defects of the blue-sensitive system during the years 1988 and 1989. Recent research has shown functional disorders of color vision in divers, linked to previously described alterations of the retinal capillary system and pigment epithelium. The desaturated Lanthony-15-HUE test was used as a screening method. No defect of the blue-sensitive system was found, either in divers or in nondivers. Our results are similar to those of other researchers. One exception was that we found no correlation between age and error score. We found no evidence for retinal damage caused by diving.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Molecular evolution of color vision in vertebrates.

Visual systems of vertebrates exhibit a striking level of diversity, reflecting their adaptive responses to various color environments. The photosensitive molecules, visual pigments, can be synthesized in vitro and their absorption spectra can be determined. Comparing the amino acid sequences and absorption spectra of various visual pigments, we can identify amino acid changes that have modified the absorption spectra of visual pigments. These hypotheses can then be tested using the in vitro assay. This approach has been a powerful tool in elucidating not only the molecular bases of color vision, but the processes of adaptive evolution at the molecular level.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Color vision in salamander larvae.

In behavioral experiments using monochromatic prey-patterns, larval salamanders (Salamandra salamandra) are able to discriminate colored from white light. In the retina only blue-yellow opponent-color ganglion cells were recorded. Thus the color vision in these animals is dichromatic.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

A modified card procedure for measuring human infant color vision.

To improve test efficiency, we modified our previously introduced contrast/color card test by including a patterned test stimulus and reducing the number of stimuli in both experimental phases. Compared with the prototype, completion rate improved substantially (79 vs. 37%) but test time decreased only modestly (19 vs. 21 min). Achromatic contrast discrimination improved threefold (mean, 0.06 vs. 0.20 log units), but the percentage of 2-month-old infants who discriminated (from gray) 660-nm red (86 vs. 80%) and 580-nm yellow (52 vs. 55%) was consistent. In addition, 48% discriminated 574-nm yellow-green. Moreover, because 88% of infants' failures included the respective adult brightness/luminance match, a small range of relative luminances is adequate for testing infant color vision.

Color Perception↗