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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The dopamine radioreceptor assay--a clinical application.

The counterbalanced design in a bioequivalent study of haloperidol indicated an absence of any clinical difference between a new 20-mg dosage form and two 10-mg tablets of haloperidol (Haldol). This impression was supported by the absence of any significant behavioral changes during the four weeks when either form of the once-a-day fixed dose of 20 mg haloperidol was administered. This impression was substantiated by experiences with the dopamine receptor blocking assay, since results with this procedure also indicated the lack of any significant difference in the plasma neuroleptic equivalence of either dosage form. On the basis of present findings the assay would appear to offer promise for clinical application in the adjusting of the dosage of neuroleptic drugs, as well as in the monitoring of drug usage.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

In vivo echocardiographic imaging of transplanted human adult stem cells in the myocardium labeled with clinically applicable CliniMACS nanoparticles.

OBJECTIVES: Intramyocardial transplantation of bone marrow-derived cells is currently under clinical evaluation as a therapy of heart failure. A major limitation of all clinical studies dealing with myocardial cell engraftment is the inability to track the fate of the transplanted cells. We present a clinically applicable technique using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) of CliniMACS nanoparticle labeled transplanted CD133+ cells in ischemic hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS: CD133+ cells were isolated from human bone marrow by CliniMACS magnetic bead selection. Positive (5 x 10(6) cells) cells were transplanted into porcine ischemic myocardium (n = 6). Control animals (n = 5) received medium injection. TEE was performed to demonstrate the distribution of the cells during and 8 weeks after the procedure. Accumulations of labeled CD133+ cells of adjacent injections in the myocardium were discriminatively identified by TEE. CONCLUSIONS: TEE is an elegant method for real-time documentation of successful transplantation and cell colony localization of magnetically labeled CD133+ cells in the ischemic myocardium. Our method should be of special interest for TEE-guided transcatheter injection of cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The combination of coculture and selective assisted hatching: results from their clinical application.

OBJECTIVE: To establish pregnancies using a combination of coculture and selective assisted hatching. DESIGN: Clinical application for a selected group of patients. Not a controlled study. SETTING: Private infertility practice. PATIENTS: Women with high basal FSH levels, ovulatory disorders, and multiple failed IVF attempts. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pregnancy and implantation rates. RESULTS: Of the 95 patients who had coculture and selective assisted hatching, 45 (47.0%) have an ongoing pregnancy with a 23.0% implantation rate. CONCLUSION: The combination of coculture and assisted hatching produced acceptable pregnancy and implantation rates within the selected patient population.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Which RBE for iodine 125 in clinical applications?

The problem of the selection of a RBE value for 125I is discussed for clinical applications in interstitial therapy. Microdosimetric studies indicate that the emission of the 125I has a y spectra similar to X-rays of 12-140 keV (conventional X-rays), but differs from 60Co, 137Cs gamma-rays and high energy X-rays. The radiobiological data available show RBE values ranging from 1 to 2.4 for 125I (reference beam 60Co). Although obtained with different biological systems and endpoints, RBE values of 1.15-1.20 are in general observed for high doses and high dose rates. On the other hand, higher RBE values (up to 2) are observed at low doses or low dose rates, which is consistent with theoretical and microdosimetric data.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Potential clinical applications using stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood.

There is an abundance of clinical applications using human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) as a source for stem cell populations. Other than haematopoietic progenitors, there are mesenchymal, endothelial stem cells and neuronal precursors, in varying quantities, that are found in human umbilical cord blood. These may be useful in diseases such as immune deficiency and autoimmune disorders. Considering issues of safety, availability, transplant methodology, rejection and side effects, it is contended that a therapeutic stem cell transplant, utilizing stem cells from HUCB, provides a reliable repository of early precursor cells that can be useful in a great number of diverse conditions. Drawbacks of relatively smaller quantities of mononucleated cells in one unit of cord blood can be mitigated by in-vitro expansion procedures, improved in-vivo signalling, and augmentation of the cellular milieu, while simultaneously choosing the appropriate transplantation site and technique for introduction of the stem cell graft.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed2002

Clinical applications of color Doppler imaging in the management of orbital lesions.

PURPOSE: To present the clinical applications of color Doppler imaging (CDI) as an adjunctive study in the diagnosis and treatment of orbital lesions. METHODS: Retrospective noncomparative case series. Medical records of 17 patients with orbital lesions who underwent orbital CDI were reviewed, and their orbital CDI results, diagnosis, and treatment were studied. The main outcome measures were detection of abnormal orbital vascular flow and presence or absence of blood flow within orbital lesions by CDI. RESULTS: Absence of intralesional flow was associated with an orbital lesion considered benign. Tumors in which flow was present were more frequently malignant or had malignant potential. Reversal of flow in the superior ophthalmic vein was observed in patients with carotid-cavernous fistula and orbital varix. CONCLUSIONS: CDI is a useful adjunctive imaging study for evaluating the vascularity of orbital tumors. The absence or presence of intratumoral blood flow as demonstrated by CDI can help determine the nature of the orbital mass and can assist with surgical planning.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Clinical application of magnetic resonance imaging of the heart and great vessels.

This report reviews the clinical applications of magnetic resonance imaging, (MRI) for the heart and great vessels based on the first 120 patients studied with 1.5 Tesla scanner. Cine scans were obtained in 85% of patients studied with the remainder having T1 spin-echo imaging. MRI provides high-resolution multiplanar images for defining abnormalities in cardiac structure and is especially useful for congenital heart disease. Cine MR evaluates cardiac dynamic functions such as left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction, left ventricular segmental wall motion, and valvular function. It is also useful for detection of aortic and pulmonary arterial disease and diseases of the pericardium. It is concluded that MR has broad applications for diagnosis of cardiac and great-vessel disorders.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1991

Clinical application of heparin-coated perfusion equipment with special emphasis on patients refusing homologous transfusions.

Clinical application of heparin-coated cardiopulmonary bypass equipment during perfusion with low systemic heparinization is reported with special emphasis on patients refusing any transfusion of homologous blood or blood products. Using the described technique, coronary artery revascularization was successfully performed in three Jehovah's witnesses. During perfusion, the activated clotting time (ACT) was maintained above 180 seconds. Prebypass haematocrit was 38 +/- 3% and dropped to 22 +/- 1% after seven days. Hence, cardiopulmonary bypass with low systemic heparinization may further reduce bypass induced morbidity and improve the final outcome in selected patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Clinical applications of intracranial perfusion MR imaging.

Dynamic susceptibility MR perfusion imaging of the brain offers clinically relevant physiological data not obtainable by conventional MR imaging. As new treatments continue to be developed for stroke, neoplasm, dementia, psychiatric illness, headache, and trauma, the potential clinical applications of perfusion MR imaging in the diagnosis, triage, and therapeutic monitoring of these diseases will increase. MR perfusion techniques are likely to be at least as sensitive and specific as radionuclide-based techniques, and offer the added advantage of higher intrinsic resolution, convenient coregistration with conventional MR imaging, as well as, time and cost-effective imaging in patients for whom a routine MR imaging is obtained.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1999

Three-dimensional eye movement recording for clinical application.

Methods to measure eye rotations in 3D have developed to a stage where routine clinical application is realistic. Besides the equipment, it requires a basic understanding of 3-dimensional geometry for calibration and interpretation. Relevant parameters are orientation, displacement and thickness of Listing's plane for spontaneous or goal-directed eye movements, and counterrolling or nystagmus with a roll component for vestibular function. The method with the highest temporal and spatial resolution is the magnetic search coil technique. Video-based systems are still slow and cannot be used to characterize saccades. Often, the task of reconstructing the 3-dimensional eye position from a 2-dimensional image of the eye is underestimated. Search coil measurements have shown no firm correlation between the orientation of Listing's plane and "classical" landmarks like stereotaxic head position, emphasizing that Listing's plane is functionally, and not anatomically, determined.

Electronystagmography↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical application of ultrasound(US)-guided percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy for liver cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical application of US-guided percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy for liver cancer. METHODS: 32 patients with 57 nodules of liver cancer were treated, 57 nodules were coagulated by 92 times at 182 different points. Output of one coagulation was 60 W last mg 240-300 sec. RESULTS: The follow-up period was 5-18 months, averaging 10.4 months. 29 patients remained alive, 3 patients died. After treatment, 85.9%(49/57) of the nodules decreased in size; color blood flow signal disappeared in 78.2(36/46) nodules on color and energy Doppler scans; and there was no enhancement in 76.4%(25/34) tumors on enhanced CT scans. In 13 patients with increased AFP level before therapy, it dropped to normal after treatment in 11 patients. Of 27 patients whoes a good general condition was good, 19 patients gained bodies weight. Repeated biopsy in 14 cases showed complete tumor necrosis with fibrosis in 12. CONCLUSION: US-guided percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy is able to induce total tumor necrosis of liver cancer in most cases. It can be expected as an important non-operative therapy of liver cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Immunoradiometric assay of tumor marker CA15-3 and its clinical application].

OBJECTIVE: To develop a new tumor marker immunoradiometric assay and to evaluate its preliminary clinical application. METHODS: With monoclonal antibodies Ma552 and Ma695 from Sweden, a sandwich immunoradiometric assay was developed with Ma552 as catching antibody and Ma695 as tracer. The Ma552 was coated on polystyrene beads, and Ma695 was labeled with 125-I. The reaction was one step at room temperature. RESULTS: Bmax/B0 of the standard curve was 82. The sensitivity of this assay was 0.3 u/ml, CV within assay and CV between assays were 8% and 10%, respectively. Serum level of CA 15-3 in 50 normal women was 11.3 +/- 3.9 u/ml with a false positive rate of 0% based on the cut-off value of 30 U/ml. In 40 patients with benign breast diseases the serum level was 9.6 +/- 5.8 u/ml with a false positive rate of 0%. In 65 cases of breast cancers in different stages it was 88.4 +/- 159.6 u/ml before treatments with a total positive detection rate of 50.8%. Metastases, especially, bone metastases caused significant serum CA15-3 elevation, with 100% positive rate(n = 9). The positive rate of recurrences of beast cancers was 80% (n = 5). CONCLUSION: The newly established immunoradiometric assay of CA15-3 is highly useful in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and monitoring of metastases and recurrences of breast cancer, and is superior to CEA.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical application of extended resection of Vater's papilla].

OBJECTIVE: To report the surgical technique and clinical application of extended resection of Vater's papilla (ERVP). METHODS: ERVP was performed in 12 selected patients with tumors of ampulla of Vater according to the following criteria: (1) no signs of distant mestastasis before operation; (2) no hepatic and peritoneal mestastasis during exploration, frozen section of peripancreas-duodenal lymph nodes being negative; (3) tumor less than 2 cm in diameter, pathologic examination of tumor being adenocarcinoma or adenoma; (4) pathologic examination of edge of resection being negative. RESULTS: There was no operative death nor complications in 12 cases treated by ERVP. The average time of operation was 2.3 hours, the average amount of blood infused was 433 ml, and the average time of hospitalization was 15.8 days. In 5 of 10 cases of Vater's ampullary adenocarcinoma, the mean survival time was 42 months (36-62 months). The remaining 5 cases are still alive at 20-64 months. Two patients with Vater's ampullary adenoma still survive at 32 and 46 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: ERVP is easy to perform with comparatively less surgical trauma and complication, but redical excision of tumor is not easy. It may be particulary indicated for older and high-risk patients, or patients with cancer less than 2 cm in diameter.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

[Three-dimensional observation of the vasculature in the anterolateral thigh adipofascial flap and its clinical applications].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the blood supply patterns of the anteriorlateral thigh adipofascial flap for clinical applications. METHODS: To investigate the blood supply patterns of the anteriorlateral thigh (ALT) adipofascial flap, 16 fresh cadavers were anatomically examined by intraarterial injection of colored latex. Three-dimensional analysis of the vasculature of the subcutaneous adipofascial tissue was performed. Sixteen patients underwent microsurgical correction with the ALT adipofascial flap. Among them, there were fifteen with hemifacial atrophy, one with micromastia. RESULTS: The three-dimensional arterial structures of the ALT adipofascial flap were the same in all the cadaver specimens. Each layer of the adipofascial tissue was supplied by several blood vessels of the axial pattern, especially in the deep layer. Sixteen patients were successfully treated with this flap. The postoperative follow-up ranged from six months to eleven years. There was not postoperative flap necrosis or absorption of the fatty tissue. Stable restoration of the facial contour or the breast was achieved. The donor-site morbidity was minimal. CONCLUSION: The blood supply of the ALT adipofascial flap is reliable. A considerable amount of the fatty layer of the flap can be removed primarily. It is a preferable procedure for reconstructing soft tissue defects.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2004

[Techniques and clinical applications of 16 multislice helical CT in colonic diseases].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the techniques and clinical applications of 16 multislice helical CT in colonic lesions. METHODS: Eighty-one patients including 54 colorectal carcinomas, 5 adenomas, 1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 6 inflammatory bowel diseases, and other 15 cases underwent volume scanning using 16 multislice helical CT. Four types of reconstruction included multiple planar reconstruction, shaded surface display, raysum, and CT virtual colonoscopy. RESULTS: Complete colon could be shown in all patients. The lesions' morphology, number, size, location, intestinal cavity, pericolonic changes, and other abdominal organs were satisfactorily shown by CT. CONCLUSIONS: Sixteen multislice helical CT colonography is a valuable imaging technique for detecting colonic diseases. It is effective in diagnosis and treatment planning. It can display the portions of colon that is inaccessible at colonoscopy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computer use in voice analysis: clinical applications].

Computers play an important role in voice analysis both in research and in the clinic. We have revised some basic concepts in signal digitization and some of the options present in the different voice analysis systems as: intensity and fundamental frequency measurement, perturbation calculation (jitter and shimmer) and spectrographic analysis. Clinical applications are outlined in conclusion.

Computers↗
PubMed1993

[Anatomic basis and clinical application of retrograde axial skin flap].

This study is an analysis of anatomic basis and clinical application of retrograde axial skin flap. The arterial supply of retrograde axial skin flap was classified into three types: (1) Arcuate artery; (2) Circular artery; (3) Arterial anastomosis branch. The venous return of retrograde axial skin flap was also divided into three types: (1) No venous valve; (2) Weak venous valve; (3) Venous anastomosis branch. 35 cases of soft tissue defect were repaired by retrograde axial skin flaps. The sizes of the flaps ranged from 4 x 2 cm to 18 x 7 cm. All flaps survived with satisfactory results. Advantages and disadvantages, the donor area, the selection of vascular pedicle, and the precautions in the preparation of this flap were discussed.

Adult↗