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PubMedDate not supplied

[Cellulitis, a conjunctive microvascular disease].

While the term cellulitis is incorrect, it is commonly used and deserves a nosological classification. "Cellulitis is a dermohypodermosis and an oedemato-sclerous panniculopathy- It is indeed a true histangiography in which the fibroblastic reaction predominates over capillaro-veinular changes. Adipocytes of exaggerated size interpenetrate into micro- and later into macronodules marked off by more or less structured conjunctive fibrilla, thereby making treatment difficult.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1979

[Cellulitis of the leg as the presentation of pandiaphysitis in the child (author's transl)].

The authors report 6 cases of acute osteomyelitis of the leg, presenting with a very severe subcutaneous cellulitis and progressing to sub-periosteal abscess, then pandiaphysitis with major bone destruction at the 15th day, despite antibiotics. However, all these children recovered without sequelae, apart from one case. Early diagnosis was difficult and treatment started after an excessive delay in the majority of cases. If it can be performed on an emergency basis, Technetium bone scan is useful in making the diagnosis. In the absence of the type of examination, any case of severe subcutaneous cellulitis in a child must be considered as a potential osteomyelitis and treated as such.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Ligneous cellulitis associated with an IUD.

Many reports have documented serious pelvic infection associated with an IUD. A case of ligneous pelvic cellulitis with cutaneous sinus tract formation, hydronephrosis, and ureteral obstruction in a patient with an IUD is presented. This is an uncommon manifestation of chronic pelvic infection and responded to antibiotics and steroid administration. The origin and treatment of ligneous cellulitis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Recurrent streptococcal cellulitis complicating radical hysterectomy and radiation therapy.

Reported is a rare complication of radical hysterectomy and radiation therapy, recurrent streptococcal cellulitis. Two patients had 14 episodes over a nine-year period, characterized by high fever and systemic toxicity. The streptococcal cellulitis was atypical in its presentation and its causative organism. The rash was bilateral in patches, flat, irregular in outline, and without induration. The causative microorganisms, a group B and G streptococcus, were isolated from blood and skin cultures. Therapy in such patients may have to be prolonged because of the alterations in normal anatomy resulting from surgery and radiation.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1984

Cryptococcal cellulitis.

Immunocompromised patients are more susceptible to unusual pathogens. The case of an immunocompromised patient who presented with cellulitis as the only manifestation of disseminated cryptococcosis is reported. The literature on cryptococcal cellulitis is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Necrotizing cellulitis of the scrotum: a new complication of heroin addiction.

A drug addict experienced a necrotizing cellulitis of his scrotum and medial thigh after an injection of heroin into his left femoral artery. It is proposed that the arterial injection was directly responsible for producing the low tissue oxygen tension necessary for the synergistic growth of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria responsible for skin necrosis. The patient responded to wide surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of necrotizing cellulitis associated with the intra-arterial injection of heroin.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Abnormal fibrinolysis: the cause of lipodermatosclerosis or "chronic cellulitis" in patients with primary lymphedema.

Blood fibrinolytic activity was measured in 20 patients with primary lymphedema, ten without and ten with skin changes usually attributed to "chronic cellulitis". The patients with abnormal skin showed reduced fibrinolytic activity, a finding previously described in patients with chronic venous disease and lipodermatosclerosis . It is postulated that changes of "chronic cellulitis" are identical to lipodermatosclerosis and are produced by a similar mechanism, namely reduced fibrinolysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cellulitis: analysis of 101 cases and review of the literature.

A retrospective study of 101 patients with cellulitis of the head and neck and extremities showed that cellulitis, predominantly a disease of males, occurred at all ages; the lower extremities were affected more frequently in the elderly, whereas upper extremity involvement prevailed in young adults. A clinical prodrome, most often including chills, was less common than is widely believed. Redness, heat, swelling, and tenderness were consistently present, and lymphangitis and lymphadenitis were less frequent. Fever was generally mild, and WBC counts were modestly elevated, if at all. Because needle aspirates and blood cultures were rarely helpful, delineation of specific cause was difficult. Therapy included rest, elevation, moist heat, analgesia, antibiotics (usually penicillinase-resistant penicillin or penicillin itself), and incision and drainage when indicated. Most patients improved rapidly. Prolonged course and complications were unusual and there were no deaths.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Facial cellulitis: an early indicator of group B streptococcal bacteremia.

Epithelial manifestations as indicators of group B streptococcal (GBS) bacteremia have been infrequently reported in the literature. This report describes three infants, ranging in age from 2 1/2 weeks to 7 weeks, who were seen with facial cellulitis as the only sign of GBS bacteremia. Only one of these infants had fever on presentation; otherwise, there were no signs of systemic illness. "Spontaneous cellulitis" should be viewed as an indicator of underlying bacteremia; in an infant less than 3 months of age, GBS should be considered a prime etiologic agent.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1982

[Cellulitis of the neck due to anaerobic germs: report of 10 cases (author's transl)].

Cellulitis of the neck in 10 patients was found to be due to anaerobic germ infections of either dental or tonsillar origins or following surgery. The lesion was diffuse in 8 cases, unilateral in two, and associated with signs of severe toxic infection in 9 cases. Early clinical crepitation was detected in 4 patients. The extremely poor prognosis related to the onset of infective shock and pleuropulmonary and mediastind complications, treatment including intensive care and anti-anaerobic germ antibiotic therapy. The place of surgical treatment is discussed, operative intervention being necessary when there are signs of poor general tolerance, not only in the presence of gas gangrene, but also when a diffuse cellulitis exists without signs of crepitation or the presence of fluid.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1982

Primary dacryocystitis causing orbital cellulitis.

A patient was examined who had acute dacryocystitis that caused true orbital cellulitis. The symptoms of the cellulitis receded after treatment with cephalothin sodium and hot compresses. A dacryocystorhinostomy was performed three weeks later. Delay of the surgery until the acute episode had resolved was probably responsible for the good surgical results.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1982

Bilateral Candida albicans dacryocystitis with facial cellulitis.

Candida albicans rarely infects the lacrimal drainage system. This paper describes a case of bilateral C. albicans dacryocystitis following midfacial trauma. The patient presented with recurrent facial cellulitis and a fistula opening onto the cheek. The condition was controlled only after bilateral dacryocystorhinostomy along with amphotericin B therapy. This appears to be the first reported case in which the lacrimal sacs acted as a reservoir for microorganisms causing recurrent facial cellulitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Eosinophilic cellulitis. (Well's syndrome) in a child.

Granulomatous dermatitis with eosinophilia (Well's syndrome) occurred in an 11-year-old boy. To our knowledge, eosinophilic cellulitis in a child in whom atrophic alopecia of the affect scalp later develops during the regression phase has not previously been reported. No notable effect of steroid therapy was observed. The cause of eosinophilic cellulitis is still unknown, but the presence of disseminated fibrinoid necrosis, vasculitis, eosinophilia, and a positive antinuclear factor test result might indicate an autoimmune or allergic disease.

Alopecia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lymphovenous cellulitis].

We will stick to the term "sclerous lymphovenous cellulitis" ("hypodermite lympho-veineuse scléreuse") to avoid any confusion with other types of cellulitis. It appears in predisposed areas; the most common zone for its development if the submalleolar region, on the internal face and behind the long saphenous vein. The asymptomatic nodule at the start spreads progressively, especially in thickness, is painful, and accompanied by oedema and cutaneous lesions. The surgical intervention uncovers a limited nodule but which remains attached at the deep posterior level of the perforants. The histology consists of a cystic fatty necrosis with secondary sclerosis; the vascular alterations are not too considerable. The aetiopathogeny is complex: the predominant factors are venous stasis in incompetent perforators and the state of the panniculus adiposus.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1980

Periorbital and facial cellulitis.

Periorbital cellulitis is a potentially lethal infection which must be rapidly distinguished from a host of self-limited illnesses. It is often associated with sepsis and requires intravenous antibiotics with broad initial coverage because of the wide variety of infecting organisms. A search must be made for an underlying source of the infection. Facial cellulitis is less frequently followed by major complications. It usually responds to oral antibiotics but also requires a careful search for the source of infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The place of endonasal endoscopy in the treatment of orbital cellulitis.

Orbital cellulitis secondary to acute sinusitis is uncommon, dangerous, and can lead to blindness and death. The ethmoid is the predominantly involved sinus. Management policy consists of early drainage of the affected sinus combined with systemic antibiotic therapy. If no improvement is achieved within the first 48 h, exploration of the fronto-ethmoidal region is mandatory. Endonasal endoscopic surgery facilitates early drainage of the affected sinus, eradication of the disease from the fronto-ethmoidal region, and drainage of the subperiosteal abscess. Sixteen cases of orbital cellulitis were treated successfully by endonasal endoscopic surgery with no complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orbital cellulitis in children: clinical analysis of 16 cases.

Orbital cellulitis, defined as eyelid erythema and edema, proptosis and/or ophthalmoplegia, with or without visual acuity loss, is a rare, but severe infectious disease. The medical records were reviewed of 16 children, aged 18 years or under, who were admitted at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital with a diagnosis of orbital cellulitis during the period from January 1977 to June 1993. The 16 children included 13 males and 3 females. The mean age of the patients was 5.6 years. Sinusitis, diagnosed clinically and radiologically in eight cases, was the most common predisposing factor. From pus or blood in five patients, these pathogens were isolated: Staphylococcus aureus (2), viridans streptococci (1) and mixed bacterial flora (2). All of the patients were treated with systemic antibiotics. The mean duration of fever after initiation of antibiotic therapy was 2.9 days. Four patients subsequently developed complications: subperiosteal abscess (2), orbital abscess (1), and bacteremia (1). Five patients received surgical treatment. No mortality was reported. After a follow-up period of 1-2 months, no sequelae were found among any of these 16 patients.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1994

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis presenting as periorbital cellulitis with blindness: report of 2 cases.

Two cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in elderly, non-ketotic diabetics who were initially diagnosed and treated for bacterial periorbital cellulitis are reported. Both presented with a short history of periorbital pain and swelling followed rapidly by complete ophthalmoplegia and blindness. By the time of correct diagnosis, both cases were advanced with lower cranial nerve involvement, CT evidence of ophthalmic artery and cavernous sinus thrombosis and, in one, internal carotid artery invasion (demonstrated on MR angiography) with resultant cerebral infarction. One patient was treated with intravenous amphotericin B but died within a few days. The second patient had aggressive surgical resection and survived with significant residual morbidity. These cases illustrate that mucormycosis should be excluded in any diabetic patient presenting with orbital cellulitis, especially when there is early visual loss. Early aggressive treatment with surgery and antifungal agents is often successful whereas the outcome is almost universally fatal when the diagnosis is delayed.

Aged↗