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Results for “Biomedical Engineering”

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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The clinical equipment coordinator: a new role in the hospital industry.

The increase in use, complexity, and cost of medical equipment requires a management response in both large and small hospitals. This paper describes the position of Clinical Equipment Coordinator (CEC) as it developed at Anaheim Memorial Hospital in Anaheim, California. The CEC can be highly effective in coordinating contract or shared services for a small hospital. In the larger hospital with an in-hospital Clinical or Biomedical Engineering Department, the CEC can take on the responsibilities of coordinating the services of the department. A detailed Job Description is presented along with typical forms and guidelines.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1989

The circulatory assist device program at University Medical Center. Clinical training and technical support.

A great deal of preparation and coordination is necessary for participation in the investigational use of temporary circulatory assist devices. The use of engineers for technical support as well as for programs coordination has been very useful in the ongoing evaluation of our device performance. It is hoped that the early studies conducted today will lead to improvements in the devices and the eventual production of permanent, totally implantable circulatory assist devices. As these devices continue to develop, it is expected that the biomedical engineer will be able to continue to participate significantly in the development process.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2006

Bioengineering assessment of acupuncture, part 4: functional magnetic resonance imaging.

In the fourth part of this review article, research on the topic of acupuncture and functional magnetic resonance imaging is described. Needle as well as painless laserneedle stimulation have led to significant changes in different areas of the brain. With the help of modern biomedical engineering equipment and neuroscience, some of acupuncture's secrets have begun to be revealed. The neuro-modulating effects require further investigation in a larger population sample.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed2000

[Applications of micromechatronics in minimally invasive surgery].

With the development of Micro Electro Mechanical System(MEMS), it's application in the fields of biomedical engineering becomes a vital consideration. This paper describes the advantages of Minimally invasive Surgery (MIS) and its applications. A novel medical endoscope driven by micro robot is also introduced.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanical properties of the sodium montmorillonite interlayer intercalated with amino acids.

Nanosized montmorillonite clay dispersed in small amounts in polymer results in polymer nanocomposites having superior engineering properties compared to those of the native polymer. These nanoinclusions are created by treating clay with an organic modifier which makes clay organophilic and results in intercalation or exfoliation of the montmorillonite. The modifiers used are usually long carbon chains with alkylammonium or alkylphosphonium cations. In this work, we have investigated the use of some alternative molecules which can act as modifiers for clay composites using clay for reinforcing a matrix of biopeptides or proteins. Such composites have potential applications in the fields of biomedical engineering and pharmaceutical science. In this work, the amino acids arginine and lysine are used as modifiers. The intercalation and mechanical behavior of the interlayer spacing with these amino acids as inclusions under compression and tension are studied using molecular dynamics simulations. Significant differences in the responses are observed. This work also provides an insight into the orientation and interaction of amino acids in the interlayer under different stress paths.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Edlich's academical village.

Dr. Richard F. Edlich, Distinguished Professor of Plastic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, recently received the Thomas Jefferson Award, the highest honor that can be bestowed upon a faculty member at the University of Virginia. Reflections of his "Academical Village" are presented to share ideas from the teaching environment he has created.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of anesthetic and ventilation equipment at the ZAO "VNIIMP-VITA"].

The main stages of development of anesthetic and ventilation equipment at VNIIMP-VITA, Ltd., the leading organization in this area of biomedical engineering in Russia, are discussed. Results of collaboration with physicians, researchers, and manufacturers of anesthetic and ventilation equipment are considered. In addition to historical aspects, contemporary problems of development of anesthetic and ventilation equipment at VNIIMP-VITA, Ltd. are reviewed.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A flexible information management system. Better information management means increased productivity.

While the finite details and program listings have been purposely excluded, the system described in the preceding text provides the basis for a relatively inexpensive equipment management system. The Biomedical Engineering Department at Rochester General Hospital has utilized this system to increase productivity levels by nearly 15% since implementation in early 1990. With a seven-member technical staff this increase in productivity translated into the addition of approximately 2,100 man-hours in 1991, the equivalent of one extra person. The department was able to utilize these hours to expand into new areas of responsibility and reduce the average service cost per item by 58%. As previously indicated, the key to the system presented is flexibility. There is no hard and fast rule for this system, just a simple, common sense guideline: continuously review, revise, and develop the program. While adherence to this process provides a solid basis for any system whether computerized or manual, it is intended for use only as a "tool," not as a substitute for clinical engineering knowledge and instincts. The ease and speed with which studies are formulated facilitate the large-scale data dissection process so often associated with equipment management programs. Correspondingly, the ability to modify database structures and applications provides the means for expansion and refinement of the system on an ongoing basis.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed2004

Using "no problem found" in infusion pump programing as a springboard for learnning about human factors engineering.

BACKGROUND: A hospital took a second look at a device error with a syringe pump in which a dose of fentanyl was delivered in half the anticipated time. When the nursing staff could not reproduce the error, the pump was sent to biomedical engineering where "no problem was found." The biomedical staff subsequently performed another analysis, which led to discovery of the possible cause of the problem. MOBILIZING FOR HFE: A human factors engineering (HFE) task force, in considering the fentanyl delivery issue, identified a need to educate nursing and engineering on such incidents and to consider the consequences of override features. The HFE task force then reviewed a tool kit for briefing clinical units on education of staff on clinical safety issues. HFE ANALYSIS: Efforts to maximize device customization or simplification can have negative HFE consequences. The decision to allow for function overrides or nontraditional equipment use must be weighed against the potential compromises in patient safety. SUMMARY: The problems that arise from the interface between humans and devices are not limited to intravenous pumps or even medical devices. Awareness of the potential for HFE design flaws can be critical in reducing harm in health care.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed1977

Precision calibration of patient care equipment as failure predictor.

Reliability of patient care equipment could be enhanced if failures could be predicted and repairs made on a routine instead of emergency basis. The paper describes the efforts of the Biomedical Engineering Department at Brookdale Hospital Medical Center to use changes in accuracy of selected parameters as failure predictor. Monthly precision tests of ECG rate computers, strip chart recorders and waveform analysis of defibrillator discharges were used in this experiment. For defibrillators and strip chart records failures could clearly be predicted but the results for ECG rate computers are still inconclusive.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed2002

[Plastic micro-tips for drug delivery].

Removal or exact transfer of minimum substance volumes from reservoirs or microfluidic systems may be accomplished by means of miniaturized tips with integrated through-going capillaries. Applications in biomedical engineering, e.g. for the application of drugs, or in life sciences, e.g. equipping of microarrays, require the use of disposable plastic products for hygienic reasons and reasons of costs. For this purpose, a method to fabricate microtips out of plastic by doublesided molding has been developed at the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe.

Biological Science Disciplines↗
PubMed1976

Longitudinal unobtrusive measurements in rehabilitation.

Most evaluation techniques in rehabilitation emphasize descriptions of patient capability during brief time intervals under relatively standardized conditions. This paper outlines a conceptual approach which emphasizes the importance of evaluating how patients actually perform under everyday circumstances during extended periods of time. The underlying strategy embodied in this approach consists of the following elements: (1) continuous monitoring of discrete activities over extended periods of time (hours to months); (2) data collection wherever the patient goes allowing nontest behavior patterns to be studied; and (3) unobtrusive, noninvasive, and ethically acceptable monitoring to minimize observer bias. Although numerous techniques can be used to obtain these kinds of measurements, recent advances in biomedical engineering make a technological approach both inexpensive and feasible for selected activities. In addition, unobtrusive instrumentation can help generate objective, quantitative information concerning actual patient behavior which provides a previously unavailable data base for evaluating individual patient progress, assessing program effectiveness and developing more relevant outcome measures. Two examples of studies which utilize longitudinal unobtrusive measurements are described and preliminary results are presented.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1997

PRONET services for distance learning in mammographic image processing.

The potential of telematics services is investigated with respect to learning needs of medical physicists and biomedical engineers. Telematics services are integrated into a system, the PRONET, which evolves around multimedia computer based courses and distance tutoring support. In addition, information database access and special interest group support are offered. System architecture is based on a component integration approach. The services are delivered in three modes: LAN, ISDN and Internet. Mammographic image processing is selected as an example content area.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of the Deming management method to equipment-inspection processes.

The Biomedical Engineering staff at the Washington Hospital Center has designed an inspection process that optimizes timely completion of scheduled equipment inspections. The method used to revise the process was primarily Deming, but certainly the method incorporates the re-engineering concept of questioning the basic assumptions around which the original process was designed. This effort involved a review of the existing process in its entirety by task groups made up of representatives from all involved departments. Complete success in all areas has remained elusive. However, the lower variability of inspection completion ratios follows Deming's description of a successfully revised process. Further CQI efforts targeted at specific areas with low completion ratios will decrease this variability even further.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1999

Laplacian electrocardiography.

This article reviews the recent development in Laplacian electrocardiography. The Laplacian electrocardiogram was proposed in the early 1990s as an alternative for mapping regional cardiac electrical activity. Considerable progress has been made in the field during the last 5 years on this emerging technique. This article attempts to cover both the basic concepts and theory for general readers in biomedical engineering, and state-of-the-art developments in forward and inverse problems of Laplacian electrocardiography, as well as Laplacian ECG mapping in an experimental setting for researchers working in the field of cardiac mapping. The article also addresses controversies regarding the feasibility of experimentally obtaining the Laplacian electrocardiogram in human subjects. The work reviewed in this article suggests that Laplacian electrocardiography merits further investigation and promises to provide an important alternative means of assessing noninvasively cardiac electrical activity.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

Control-relevant modeling in drug delivery.

The development of control-relevant models for a variety of biomedical engineering drug delivery problems is reviewed in this paper. A summary of each control problem is followed by a review of relevant patient models from literature, an examination of the control approaches taken to solve the problem, and a discussion of the control-relevance of the models used in each case. The areas examined are regulating the depth of anesthesia, blood pressure control, optimal cancer chemotherapy, regulation of cardiac assist devices, and insulin delivery to diabetic patients.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Internally developed medical equipment management system: a viable alternative.

A medical equipment management computer system, internally developed by Rhode Island Hospital, is presented. Hospital biomedical engineering departments must contend with ever-increasing regulatory requirements for patient-care equipment. Computerization is a viable solution to meeting the documentation standards dictated by healthcare governing bodies. Rhode Island Hospital's system consists of a Macintosh computer, Panorama database software, and Psion LZ64 Organiser handheld computer. Files were set up on equipment data, JCAHO-required historical documentation, service, inspections, part codes and locations, and vendor contact information. Technician inspection data recording time was reduced by approximately 30%.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed2005

Human-centered design of a distributed knowledge management system.

Many healthcare technology projects fail due to the lack of consideration of human issues, such as workflow, organizational change, and usability, during the design and implementation stages of a project's development process. Even when human issues are considered, the consideration is typically on designing better user interfaces. We argue that human-centered computing goes beyond a better user interface: it should include considerations of users, functions and tasks that are fundamental to human-centered computing. From this perspective, we integrated a previously developed human-centered methodology with a Project Design Lifecycle, and we applied this integration in the design of a complex distributed knowledge management system for the Biomedical Engineer (BME) domain in the Mission Control Center at NASA Johnson Space Center. We analyzed this complex system, identified its problems, generated systems requirements, and provided specifications of a replacement prototype for effective organizational memory and knowledge management. We demonstrated the value provided by our human-centered approach and described the unique properties, structures, and processes discovered using this methodology and how they contributed in the design of the prototype.

Artificial Intelligence↗