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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Occurrence of the lung fluke, Paragonimus heterotremus in Manipur, India.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the natural crustacean host, the Paragonimus species, and to investigate the potential host-parasite relationship between Manipur Paragonimus and some of the laboratory animals. METHODS: The laboratory animals such as puppies, albino rats and Swiss mice were infected orally with metacercariae isolated from the fresh water crabs, Potamiscus manipurensis. The fecal specimens of the experimentally infected animals were examined microscopically for Paragonimus eggs at regular intervals. The animals were autopsied on days 35 to approximately 328 after infection and the isolated worms were flattened between glass slides and fixed in 70% alcohol. The worms were stained with carmine and mounted with Canada balsam for morphological studies. The eggs were collected in 5% formol saline solution for microscopy. The flukes were classified into 4 developmental stages. RESULTS: A total of 11 worms, 5 mature, 5 immature and 1 pre-adult were recovered. The morphological features of the metacercariae, worms and eggs were similar to those of Paragonimus heterotremus. CONCLUSION: Manipur is one of the rare areas in the world where Paragonimus heterotremus is prevalent and the puppies are ideal experimental animal host. This species may be one of the important causes of paragonimiasis in animals and humans in Manipur.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Persistent photosensitivity: treatment with puvatherapy and prednisolone (corticopuvatherapy)].

Eight patients, six men and two women, had chronic photosensitivity of 2.0 +/- 1.1 years' duration. The clinical and photobiological signs were consistent with a diagnosis of chronic actinic dermatitis syndrome. Photosensitivity was extremely severe, and the minimal erythematous dose (MED) in polychromatic light was dramatically decreased in all eight patients (82 +/- 20 mJ/cm2; range: 25-200 for a normal MED range of 1.000 to 2.000 mJ/cm2). Photopatchtests were positive to phenothiazine in four patients, to fragrance mix and oxybenzone in two patients, to balsam of Peru and musk ambrette in one patient each. Seven patients were treated with corticopuvatherapy. They all were markedly improved after one month of treatment, recovering normal MED and outdoor activities. Corticosteroid therapy was gradually reduced and stopped after 3 months, while puvatherapy was continued for several months. Treatment was withdrawn in three patients. The minimal erythematous dose was monitored after discontinuation of therapy: a progressive decrease of MED was observed, accompanied by a relapse in two of the three patients. This relapse was well controlled by another course of corticopuvatherapy. Four other patients had, after discontinuation of treatment, another course of corticopuvatherapy reinstituted in the early spring. Puvatherapy was stopped at the end of october. One patient did not receive corticopuvatherapy because she was living far from a puvatherapy centre. She was treated with azathioprine for 6 months without improvement, then with azathioprine+prednisolone 20 mg daily during 2 years with slight improvement. Corticopuvatherapy is a very efficient means of treating severe chronic actinic dermatitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Highly active effect of alpha interferon in blocking the cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity.

A group of 13 patients with contact dermatitis to various chemical compounds such as potassium dichromate, nickel sulphate, formaldehyde and balsam of Peru, was investigated by patch test and by the agreement between the history of disease and the patch test, the specific allergen involved in each special case could be demonstrated. Two-three days after the first patch test three normal skin areas were chosen. The first area was intradermally infiltrated with alpha-2a Interferon (IFN) (100,000 I.U. in 1 ml), the second area was infiltrated with saline and the third area, considered as control, did not receive any treatment. Once more the corresponding allergen was applied into the skin in a second patch-test. After 48 hours in the IFN infiltrated area, only the delayed contact hypersensitivity become negative thus proving that alpha-2a IFN behaves as an efficient inhibitor of these immune effector reactions. Since the lymphocytes involved in the delayed type hypersensitivity reactions (in our case contact dermatitis) belong to the T helper line, i.e., are CD-4 positive cells we conclude that alpha-2a IFN in vivo is an efficient inhibitor of the activation of these cells. This effect achieved by any CD-4(+) DTH clones does not depend on their antigenic specificity. Some clinical trials are now in progress in our laboratory to turn to account this important biological effect in the clinical practice as an efficient inhibitor in skin contact dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Staining reaction for beta-galactosidase in immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization.

beta-galactosidase, revealed by an indigo blue reaction product, represents a valid tracer in immunohistochemistry. Observations on the instability of the indigo precipitate led us to investigate this phenomenon. We conclude that avoiding of xylene, and mounting of the preparates in Histoclear (a xylene substitute) and Canada balsam (instead of synthetic resin mountants) yields a sharp and stable indigo precipitate. In addition, we propose a sensitive alternative staining procedure for beta-galactosidase, based on TNBT reduction and precipitation. These reactions can be used both in immunohistochemistry and in in situ hybridization.

Galactosidases↗
PubMed2002

[Therapeutic characteristance and tolerance of topical comfrey preparations. Results of an observational study of patients].

AIM: To analyze the anti-inflammatory and analgetic properties of the topical comfrey, preparations Kytta-Salbe f, Kytta-Plasma f and Kytta-Balsam f applied to bruises, sprains and distortions and painful conditions of the muscles and joints. METHOD: A prospective open multicentric observational study complying with paragraph 67(6) of the AMG and involving 162 general practitioners. During the two-week period of observation, the patients received an average of one to three applications of the comfrey preparation per day. All 492 questionnaires were evaluated. Efficacy and tolerability were assessed by both physician and patient. RESULTS: Pain at rest and on movement, as also tenderness, improved in the overall observation group by an average of 45-47%. The duration of morning joint stiffness decreased from 20 minutes initially to 3 minutes. During the course of treatment with comfrey, more than two-thirds of the patients were able to reduce or even discontinue their intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other specific concomitant medication. In most of the cases, both effectiveness and tolerability were assessed to be excellent or good. CONCLUSION: The results of the study confirm the effectiveness and tolerability of the topical comfrey preparation investigated in the treatment of bruises, sprains and distortions as well as painful conditions affecting muscles and joints.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

Contact allergy and psoriasis.

The study was conducted over a two-year period and included 48 psoriatic patients with palmar and plantar lesions and 61 psoriatic patients without palmar and plantar lesions who served as controls. The objective was to establish the incidence of contact sensitization and its importance as the causative factor in palmar and plantar psoriasis. The most frequent contact allergens were: nickel sulphate, mercapto mix, balsam of Peru, potassium dichromate, mercury mix and fragrance mix. Patch tests were positive in 41.7% psoriatics with palmar-plantar psoriasis and in only 6.6% of psoriatics without palmar-plantar involvement. The study showed an increased incidence of contact allergy in patients with palmar-plantar psoriasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Dynamics of changes in the cytological picture of vaginal smears and circulating ovarian hormones during the puerperal period in ewes].

A postparturient period is characterized by low basal secretion of adenohypophysis gonadotropins with the following appropriate changes in ovarian hormones and their response to the morphology of vaginal epithelium. In this study the dynamics of the cytological picture of vaginal swabs and ovarian hormones 17 beta-oestradiol (E2) and progesterone was investigated in the puerpery of ewes. The objective was to obtain and extend the knowledge of cytological changes in vaginal epithelium and levels of ovarian hormones of ewes after parturition and of their relationships from the first several days after lambing until the 51st day of the period of observation. Vaginal swabs for vaginal cytology were taken from nine ewes on days 1, 4, 7, 14, 17, 21, 25, 34, 42 and 51 after parturition. These swabs were fixed in ether-alcohol 1:1, stained according to the Faltínová-Zidovský method, embedded in Canada balsam and evaluated by differentiation of cells according to Luksh (1953). Blood samples for E2 and P4 determinations were taken from the jugular vein in the same intervals as vaginal swabs. The serum was centrifuged and stored at -18 degrees C until use. E2 and P4 concentrations were determined radioimmunologically, using kits RIA-test ESTRA and RIA-test PROG from URVJT Kosice. A statistically significant decline (P < 0.05) of percentual representation of basal and parabasal cells (Fig. 1, Tab. I) on day 7 after lambing was replaced by their multiplication from day 14 reaching the values of 66.07 +/- 3.95 on day 42. A statistically significant decrease in intermediary flat cells (Fig. 2, Tab. II) was observed on days 14 (P < 0.001), 34 and 42 (P < 0.01; P < 0.001), in comparison with the first day after lambing. An evaluation of intermediary convoluted cells revealed their highest percentage on days 1 and 17 after parturition (34.65 +/- 4.77-20.62 +/- 12.57) and their decline to values in the range of 6.77 +/- 1.46-7.66 +/- 2.25 on the remaining days of the period of observation. Percent occurrence of superficial flat cells (Fig. 3, Tab. I) ranged from 3.9 +/- 1.10 to 10.63 +/- 7.23 from day 1 to day 51 after lambing. The lowest percentual representation (1.32 +/- 0.79-4.10 +/- 1.89) was recorded for superficial convoluted cells. Multiplication of the evaluated cells was observed, reaching the highest but insignificant representation (P > 0.05) on day 25 of postparturient investigation: 4.10 +/- 1.89 (Fig. 3, Tab. I). 17 beta-oestradiol (E2) concentrations were compared to the -1st day before parturition, when its values varied at the level of 2.45 +/- 0.64 nmol/l serum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Standard epicutaneous testing: 5-year results and their effects on future examinations].

1385 patients were subjected to patch tests in the last years. The most important contact allergens in these seris were found to be rubber, nickel, chromate. Compositions of patch tests series varies with regard to the individual substances included: allergens with low sensitizing potency (methol, resorcin, methylsalicylate (!), hexachlorophene, iodochlorhydrooxychinoline) are gradually replaced by others of more recent importance, e.g. mercury (Merfen). Some allergens give better results when tested in higher concentration (balsams of peru, parabens, colophony and wool fat alcohols). Our findings correspond widely with the recommendations of the ICDRG (International Contact Dermatitis Research Group). Therapeutic possibilities are limited; topical application of corticosteroids may be taken as routine regimen. Bufexamac (Parfenac) has been proposed for this purpose, recently. Protective creams (like ion exchange ointments) are of limited use due to the necessity of repeated application.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Are patch tests useful in plasma cell vulvitis?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate eventual contact sensitization in 7 patients with plasma cell vulvitis (PCV). STUDY DESIGN: Seven women with PCV underwent patch tests with the Italian standard series and with additional batteries of allergens (perfumes, preservatives, emulsifiers, medicaments and corticosteroid series). RESULTS: One patient experienced a positive reaction t o balsam of Peru and wool alcohol. CONCLUSION: Patch testing is not normally necessary in the management of PCV. However, when a patient with PCV complains of burning or pruritus after application of topical products, patch tests could prove useful.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Construction of prokaryotic expression vector for MAP30 gene and study of PCR methods for rapid identification of recombinant].

Based on the sequence reported by Lee-Huang,S, we cloned the MAP30 gene of Momordica charantia (balsam pear) into a prokaryotic expression vector pET28a (+). A method by using PCR for rapid identification of positive clone was developed. Result showed this screening method can be used to detect positive colonies from samples of bacterial, purified plasmid, liquid culture,and liquid culture treated with mixture of phenol/Chloroform. The result from liquid-culture-treated- PCR (LCT-PCR) is very close to that of by plasmid-PCR. LCT-PCR is reliable and much easier to used than plasmid-PCR, therefore the LCT-PCR can be used for clone screening during the molecular cloning.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1992

[Occurrence of cosmetic allergy].

In a retrospective study among 310 patients with ordinary contact dermatitis, 115 were found to have allergic contact dermatitis caused by cosmetic products. The most commonly involved sites were hands (including fingers) and face. The most frequently identified sensitizers were fragrances, including lichen and compositae extracts, preservatives and balsam of Peru. About 28% of the cutaneous reactions occurred among patients 20-29 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch-test results, 2001-2002 study period.

BACKGROUND: Allergic contact dermatitis is a significant cause of cutaneous disease affecting many individuals in the home and at the workplace. Patch testing is the most worthwhile diagnostic tool for the evaluation of patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis. OBJECTIVE: This study reports the results of patch testing from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2002, by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG). METHODS: Patients were tested with an extended screening series of 65 allergens. A standardized patch-testing technique was used. Data from these patients were recorded on a standardized computer entry form and analyzed. RESULTS: Sixty-five allergens were tested on 4,913 patients. The top 10 allergens remain the same in this study period as in the 1999-2000 study period: nickel sulfate (16.7%), neomycin (11.6%), Myroxilon pereirae (balsam of Peru) (11.6%), fragrance mix (10.4%), thimerosal (10.2%), sodium gold thiosulfate (10.2%), quaternium-15 (9.3%), formaldehyde (8.4%), bacitracin (7.9%), and cobalt chloride (7.4%). Of the 4,913 patients tested, 69% had at least one positive allergic patch-test reaction. Of all patients, 15.8% had occupation-related dermatitis; 15.4% were determined to have irritant contact dermatitis, and 11.1% of the 15.4% had a relevant reaction to an occupational irritant. Of all patients tested, 16.7% had a relevant reaction to an allergen not in the NACDG standard series, and 5.5% had a relevant reaction to an occupational allergen not in the standard series. CONCLUSION: Our findings once again reinforce the need for a more comprehensive group of diagnostic allergens than those found in the standard screening kits. The usefulness of patch testing is enhanced when a greater number of allergens are tested, especially nonstandard allergens occupationally encountered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Development tendencies of the contact allergy].

The development tendencies of the contact allergy in the given catch-area in the years 1948-1977 are studied here by the help of a systematic examination of the dynamics concerning the hypersensitivity of the population. By means of patch tests applied to 15685 patients/6864 men and 8821 women/reactors are checked up towards 15 contact allergens/hexavalent and trivalent chromium, nickel, cobalt, procaine, paraphenylenediamine, neomycine, mercury bichloride, resorcinol, camomile, paraben mixture, formaldehyde, balsam of Peru, turpentine oil, rubber chemicals, and the connections between the percentage of the reactors and the alterations in the technology of the production as well as of the degree and effektiveness of the preventive measures and of the introduction of new remedies, cosmetics and necessaries for daily use are being determined. At the same time this study and the results achieved by analysis are the basis for preventive measures to be taken according to the characteristics of the contact allergens and in proportion to the possibility of taking such measures.

Allergens↗
PubMed2005

Lyral: a fragrance allergen.

Fragrances are a common cause of contact dermatitis and account for a large percentage of reactions to cosmetic products. Novel fragrance compounds that may not be detected by the common fragrance screening agents (including balsam of Peru and fragrance mix) are continually being produced. Lyral is one of those allergens found in many cosmetic and household products. This review will discuss the recent literature and the significance of this allergen to allergic contact dermatitis.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1979

First epidemiological study of contact dermatitis in Spain - 1977. Spanish Contact Dermatitis Research Group.

The present work is the first epidemiological study carried out by the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Research Group during 1977. During this year 2806 patients were studied with patch test among 30873 dermatological patients. The 60-62% of the totality had reactivity to one or more patches. Four major groups of allergens were able to consider, following the incidence in their power of sensitize. First group with strong incidence include: Nickel, Chromate, Cobalt, T.M.T.D.,P.P.D.A., Mercapto mix., and Wood tars. Second and third groups with medium incidence contain: Caines, Carbonates, Neomycin, Balsam of Peru, Mercury, Lanolin, Naphtyl mix., Formaldehyde, Benzalkonium chloride, P. P. D. A. mix, and Turpentine. Four group show very low incidence substances, as: Epoxi, Sulfonamides, Etilendiamine, Parabens, Chinoform, Colophony and Cinnamon oil. Few comments about age and occupations are included.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Allergic reaction to topical drugs].

It is important to differentiate worsening of a cutaneous eruption following topical therapy from lack of response to the medication. A study to determine the origin of contact dermatitis secondary to topical therapy was conducted among 87 patients with this kind of contact dermatitis. Sixteen patch tests with chemical compounds known to be allergenic were done. The following eight chemical compounds were responsible for 86.5% of the positive reactions observed: neomycin, ethylenediamine, mercury, benzocaine, iodochlorhydroxyquin, peruvian balsam, nitrofurazone and cinchocaine. More than half of the reactions were to neomycin, ethylenediamine and mercury. It is easier to diagnose this condition if one knows the composition of the topical medications one prescribes and the allergenic potency of their ingredients.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2006

Contact allergy and sociodemographic characteristics.

The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of positive patch test reaction to different contact allergens according to patients age, sex, occupation and clinical features. Between 1999 and 2003, patch testing was performed in 3,293 patients with respective clinical diagnoses. Patch testing was done by the standard technique proposed by the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG). Study results showed statistically significant differences in patch test response according to sex and age for three allergens (cobalt chloride, nickel sulphate and thiomersal); according to occupation for nine allergens (cobalt chloride, nickel sulphate, balsam of Peru, fragrance mix, thiuram mix, wood tars, neomycin sulphate, thiomersal and detergents), and clinical diagnosis for two allergens (nickel sulphate, and wood tars). The most common and relevant allergens were: nickel sulphate, cobalt chloride and carba mix. They were found in all examinees regardless of age, sex, occupation and diagnoses. The increased awareness of allergens and their potential sources may help to limit the usage of these chemicals in manufacture of consumer products.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Epicutaneous patch test results in patients with allergic contact dermatitis in Karlovac county--a retrospective survey.

During the 1994-2003 study period, patch testing was carried out in 1102 subjects (740 female and 362 male, mean age 39.8, range 7-81 years) suspected to have allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Epicutaneous patch test with a standard series of contact allergens was made by the Institute of Immunology, Zagreb, Croatia, according to the Internationational Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG) rules. During the study period, 399 (36.2%) subjects with one or more positive tests were recorded, and 640 positive tests were observed. The most frequent allergens were nickel sulfate identified in 214 (33.4%), cobalt chloride in 64 (10%), fragrance mix in 60 (9.4%), wood tar in 47 (7.3%), potassium dichromate in 39 (6.1%), balsam of Peru in 29 (4.6%) and other allergens in 187 (29.2%) cases. According to the localization of ACD, hands as the most common site were involved in 535 (48.5%) cases, followed by the face in 167 (15.2%) and other locations in 400 (36.3%) cases. It is concluded that nickel is the principal allergen as the cause of ACD, mostly affecting women. The areas most frequently involved by ACD were the hands and face.

Adolescent↗