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PubMed1986

[A clinical study on primary ureteral tumors].

Twenty-two cases of primary ureteral tumors treated at our Department between July 1971 and December 1984, were reviewed. The patients ranged from 28 to 83 years old (average 63.6 years). There were 17 males and 5 females (3.4:1). The affected side was predominantly the left (15) than the right (7). The most common site of the tumor growth was at the lower third of the ureter (14 cases, 63.6%). The most common initial symptom was macroscopic hematuria, which was seen in 17 cases (77.3%). The major finding of IVP was non-visualizing kidney in 11 cases (50.0%) and filling defect in 7 cases (31.8%). Positive urinary cytology was obtained in 9 cases (52.9%) by voided urine and 6 cases (66.6%) by catheterized urine. Total nephroureterectomy associated with partial cystectomy was performed in 14 cases (63.6%). Histologically, 19 cases were transitional cell carcinoma (86.8%). Associated growth of urothelial tumor in the bladder was found in 4 cases preoperatively and in 3 cases during the course of postoperative follow up. All of them were treated by transurethral resection. Overall survival rate at 1,2,3,4 and 5 years was 84, 71, 55, 46 and 35%, respectively, by the Kaplan-Meier method. The five year survival rate was 54% for the low stage group and 0% for the high stage group; 54% for the low grade group and 26% for the high grade group. (p value = not significant, generalized Wilcoxon test).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Microexplosion cystolithotripsy in 105 cases.

We treated 105 consecutive patients with bladder calculi by microexplosion lithotripsy, with a success rate of 100 per cent. The weight of the removed calculi averaged 18 gm., with a range of 2 to 305 gm. For the procedure spinal anesthesia was used in 78 patients, while general anesthesia was used in 24. Minor extraperitoneal bladder perforation occurred only once and it resolved spontaneously several days later. Presently, we consider microexplosion lithotripsy to be the treatment of first choice for bladder calculi.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Detection and identification of microcystins in the drinking water of Haimen City, China.

Cyanobacterial toxins, microcystins, have a potent tumor-promoting activity. We investigated the level of microcystins in drinking water collected from 1992 to 1994 in Haimen City, China, where people who drink pond ditch water usually incurred a high incidence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma compared with those who drink well water. High-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and protein phosphatase inhibition assay (pp assay) were used to identify and quantify the microcystins. Microcystin LR and [D-Asp3]microcystin LR were detected in 2 of 50 samples at a concentration less than 100 ng/L by LC/MS in 1992. Although no microcystins were found by the chemical method in 1993, 6 of 7 samples except for 3 tap water samples showed an approximate amount of 100 ng/L by using the pp assay in 1994. The obtained results supported the epidemiological results reported by Yu.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMed1980

Selective embolization of the vesical artery in the management of massive bladder hemorrhage.

Massive bladder hemorrhage was sucessfully treated by selective embolization of the unilateral vesical artery in two patients with vesical neoplasms. In one patient, complete hemostasis was obtained by partial occlusion of the unilateral vesical artery, although the lesion had another feeding vessel from the contralateral artery. This method is simple and effective in controlling massive bladder hemorrhage, as it has the advantages of minimizing ischemic pain, preventing the hazards due to extensive infarction and reflux of embolic material, and reducing tumor bulk.

Angiography↗
PubMed1995

Determination of 2-oxohistidine by amino acid analysis.

Oxidative modification of proteins has been implicated in aging, ischemia reperfusion, carcinogenesis, and other phenomena. Oxidation of the C-2 position of the imidazole ring of histidine converts the residue to 2-oxohistidine, a novel amino acid which may serve as a marker of oxidative modification of proteins (K. Uchida and S. Kawakishi, J. Biol. Chem. 269, 2405-2410, 1994). It has been identified in oxidatively modified proteins by electrochemical detection during reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, by mass spectrometry, and as the phenylthiohydantoin after Edman degradation, but not by amino acid analysis of protein hydrolysates. We now describe procedures for stabilizing 2-oxohistidine which allow its quantification by routine methods of amino acid analysis. These include classical ion exchange chromatography with postcolumn derivatization by o-phthaldialdehyde, reverse-phase chromatography with precolumn derivatization by o-phthaldialdehyde, and reverse-phase chromatography with precolumn derivatization by 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate. Using these techniques, a previously unidentified amino acid which appears during the oxidative inactivation of glutamine synthetase was shown to be 2-oxohistidine. One picomole of 2-oxohistidine was readily detected in a protein hydrolysate containing 1700 pmol total amino acids.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

The method of choice for the determination of 2,5-hexanedione as an indicator of occupational exposure to n-hexane.

To identify the method of choice for analysis of urine for 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD) as an indicator of occupational exposure to n-hexane, the end-of-shift urine samples of 36 n-hexane exposed male workers and 30 non-exposed male workers were analyzed for 2,5-HD under three conditions of hydrolysis, i.e. enzymic hydrolysis at pH 4.8, acid hydrolysis at pH 0.5, and without hydrolysis. The 2,5-HD concentrations thus determined were examined for correlation with 8-h, time-weighted average exposure concentrations of n-hexane measured by diffusive sampling. The regression analysis showed that the 2,5-HD concentrations without any hydrolysis correlated best with the intensity of exposure to n-hexane. No 2,5-HD was detected in the urine of the non-exposed subjects under the analytical conditions with no hydrolysis. Thus, the analysis without hydrolysis was considered to be the method of choice from the viewpoint of simplicity in analytical procedures, sensitive separation of the exposed from the non-exposed, and quantitative increase in the amount of 2,5-HD after n-hexane exposure.

Environmental Monitoring↗
PubMed1982

Molecular mechanism of the effects of guanine nucleotide and sulfhydryl reagent on muscarinic receptors in smooth muscles studied by radiation inactivation.

The molecular sizes of the units concerned in 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) binding and in the effects of guanine nucleotide and sulfhydryl reagent on the inhibition of QNB binding by carbachol in smooth muscle of guinea pig ileum were determined to be 76,000, 179,000 and 107,000, respectively by the radiation inactivation method. One or more subunits (GTP subunit) other than the receptor subunit in a muscarinic receptor appeared to be involved in the effect of guanine nucleotide. When guanine nucleotide was present, the receptor subunit seemed to be dissociated from the GTP subunit.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Rapid identification of Trichophyton tonsurans by specific PCR based on DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 region.

BACKGROUND: Trichophyton tonsurans, a dermatophyte implicated in an international epidemic of tinea capitis, was also found to be responsible for infecting wrestling and Judo athletes nationwide in Japan since 2001. OBJECTIVE: A rapid and highly accurate means of identifying this pathogen has been required to control the infection. We have developed a T. tonsurans-specific PCR method based on the DNA sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 region. SUBJECTS: Eighteen species of six genera of standard strains and 75 strains of clinically isolated Trichophyton species were used in this study. METHODS: A T. tonsurans-specific PCR primer pair (tonsF1 and tonsR1) was designed on the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 region, located between 18S and 5.8S rDNA. Fungal DNA was extracted from the colonies grown on culture plates, and the specificity of the PCR primers was tested. RESULTS: The specific PCR product was amplified from the standard strain of T. tonsurans and from five strains isolated from black dot ringworms, but there was no band from the 70 clinical isolates of other Trichophyton species. This T. tonsurans-specific PCR method was able to detect 10 pg of T. tonsurans genomic DNA with ethidium bromide staining. CONCLUSIONS: A PCR identification system specific for T. tonsurans is rapid, sensitive, and specific.

DNA Probes↗
PubMed1998

Current surgical trends in Japan for managing chronic pancreatitis.

The main aims of surgery for treating chronic pancreatitis are to relieve the patient's persistent pain and to preserve pancreatic functioning. The indications for surgery include treating complications, such as the presence of pancreatic pseudocysts or biliary stenosis associated with chronic pancreatitis or both. A resection, ductal drainage, or both, may commonly be required. Furthermore, some surgeons recommend pancreatic denervation. We analyze the details of 2,936 patients with chronic pancreatitis who were treated surgically and were listed in the 1985 National Statistics in Japan. We have also evaluated the present surgical methods for treating chronic pancreatitis in Japan. In addition, we discuss a new surgical method being used to treat chronic pancreatitis. This is a recently improved technique involving a complete duodenum-preserving resection of the head of the pancreas, which also preserves the biliary and alimentary tracts.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2003

One-step insertion of an expandable metallic stent for unresectable common bile duct carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: This report describes a one-step insertion of an expandable metallic stent to treat obstructive jaundice due to unresectable common bile duct carcinoma. METHODS: A percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram is obtained, and the bile duct obstruction is negotiated with a guide wire. After advancing the catheter into the duodenum, contrast material is injected to measure the length of the stenosis. After an expandable metallic stent is positioned, an external biliary drainage catheter is left in place to provide temporary drainage. The catheter is removed after stent patency is confirmed after 3 days. CONCLUSIONS: One-step insertion of an expandable metallic stent for biliary obstruction is a useful method that shortens hospitalization. Once it has been decided to use stent palliation, the stent should be inserted without undue delay to maximize symptomatic relief and cost benefits.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Support system for long-term morphine administration to terminal cancer patients at home--verification from three patients at home with terminal cancer].

The nursing department at the Saitama Prefectural Cancer Center established a Nursing Consultation Section in April 1993 and a Visiting Nursing Program in May 1993 with the purpose of supporting cancer patients who desired home care. From these dates through March 1994, 1,021 patients were instructed in home care methods and visiting nursing was provided in 98 cases. Of these, three patients with terminal cancer received long-term ameliorative treatment using orally administered morphine and were able to maintain satisfactory QOL through their terminal periods. The results are reported herein.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Sharp recanalization of central venous occlusions.

PURPOSE: To describe a sharp puncture technique for recanalization of chronic central venous occlusions that could not be traversed by a guide wire. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five patients presented with six longstanding central venous occlusions that could not be traversed with a guide wire after thrombolysis. The occlusions occurred following radiation for lung carcinoma (n = 2) and indwelling venous catheters (n = 4). The length of venous occlusion was determined by simultaneously advancing transbrachial and transfemoral catheters to the site of occlusion. Initially, a curved guiding catheter with a Rosch-Uchida needle and, in subsequent patients, a coaxial sheathed needle with a 21-gauge stylet were used for recanalization. The recanalized veins were then balloon dilated and stents were placed. RESULTS: With use of this technique, recanalization was successful in five of the six occlusions. One occlusion was too long to traverse safely in one patient. Two patients were asymptomatic 16-18 months after the recanalization. CONCLUSION: This new technique offers an effective alternative to surgery in the treatment of central venous occlusion.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

New technique for application of fibrin sealant: rubbing method devised to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage from dura mater sites repaired with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene surgical membranes.

OBJECTIVE: The effectiveness of a strong, pressure-tight method for fibrin sealant application was experimentally and clinically evaluated, using expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) surgical membranes. METHODS: Two application methods were examined in two groups. For Group 1, 1 ml each of Solutions A and B was simply sprayed over the surface (spray method). For Group 2, a small amount of Solution A was rubbed into the sutured site and then Solutions A and B were sprayed over the surface (rubbing method). In the experimental study, a moment pressure elevation test and a continuous stepwise pressure elevation test were performed for both groups. The clinical study was conducted using 350 patients undergoing craniotomies. The ePTFE surgical membrane was used for 180 patients but not the other 170 patients. RESULTS: In the experimental study, the bursting pressures were 51.4 +/- 13.0 cm H2O for Group 1 and 129 +/- 35.0 cm H2O for Group 2 in the moment pressure elevation test and 27.0 +/- 6.7 cm H2O and 100 +/- 31.9 cm H2O, respectively, in the continuous stepwise pressure elevation test. The sealing effect was significantly greater for Group 2 than for Group 1 in both tests (P < 0.001). In the clinical study using ePTFE surgical membranes, the rubbing method significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage (1.4%), compared with the spray method (18.3%), when external decompression was not concomitantly used (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The sealing effect of fibrin sealant on cerebrospinal fluid leakage was significantly greater with the rubbing method than with the spray method. The strong sealing effect obtained with the rubbing method is thought to result from firm linkage between the ePTFE surgical membrane and the fibrin sealant and also from fibrin being formed even in needle holes and spaces in the sutured site.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Richter's syndrome with identical immunoglobulin gene rearrangements].

A 75-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of hepatosplenomegaly, generalized lymphadenopathy and lymphocytosis in February, 1989. The leukocyte counts were 93,200/microliters with 95% small lymphocytes which expressed surface membrane immunoglobulin (SmIg) M, D and kappa. Histological finding of the cervical lymph node was diffuse small cell lymphoma. A diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was made. He was followed up without chemotherapy. In January, 1990, he was re-admitted because of progressively enlarged lymph nodes and increased white blood cell counts, up to 183,200/microliters with 98% lymphocytes. He was treated with vincristine, cyclophosphamide, prednisolone. The leukocyte counts decreased to 5,000/microliters and lymph node swelling decreased in size. In April, 1990, generalized lymphadenopathy re-appeared. The biopsied lymph node specimen showed diffuse large cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL-DL). The lymph node cells were found to express SmIgM and kappa. The diagnosis of Richter's syndrome was made. DNA analysis using Southern blot method revealed identical immunoglobulin heavy and kappa chain gene rearrangements in the two neoplasms. These findings suggest that the CLL cells and the NHL-DL cells originate from the same clone in this case.

Aged↗