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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Herpetic tracheobronchitis. Cytologic and virologic detection.

Tracheobronchitis due to herpes simplex virus is a well-recognized finding in cases of burns, debilitation, or immunosuppression. Nearly all reported cases have been diagnosed at necropsy despite the possibility for clinical detection of such infections by exfoliative cytological studies, virus isolation and identification, or both. The present report details the cytologic and virologic diagnosis of herpetic tracheobronchitis in a patient with carcinoma of the lung and alcoholic fatty liver. Respiratory cells with herpetic infection cytologically showed less tendency to multinucleation than the characteristic herpes-infected cells of squamous epithelium, which may be a source of diagnostic confusion.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Did George Washington die of quinsy?

After his second term as first president of the United States, George Washington retired to his Mount Vernon estate in 1796. It was there that he suddenly fell ill and died in December of 1799 after an illness lasting only 21 hours. His problem was first diagnosed as "quinsy" and later modified to "Cynanche trachealis". A review of the signs, symptoms, and clinical course of his fatal illness suggests that the cause of death was most likely an otolaryngologic emergency known as "acute epiglottitis."

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Gastropharyngeal reflux in infants and children. A pharyngeal pH monitoring study.

Gastroesophageal reflux has been shown to play an important role in chronic and acute inflammatory disorders of the airway. In particular, gastroesophageal reflux has been suggested to be the cause of pharyngolaryngeal problems, according to the literature, at any age. However, to our knowledge, the presence of acid in the pharynx in pathological cases has not yet been proved. A series of eight patients (aged 2 months to 7.5 years) with recurrent acute laryngotracheitis underwent a two-channel pH monitoring for 23 to 24 hours. One pH probe was placed in the lower esophagus, the other in the pharynx, at the level of the epiglottis. Acid gastroesophagopharyngeal reflux was demonstrated in every patient. A significant difference with a series of six control subjects was noted in terms of esophageal and pharyngeal pH monitoring. The most significant item is the total time the pH in the pharynx was below 6. Despite the limited number of patients, this study suggests the role of gastroesophageal reflux in recurrent laryngotracheitis in infants and children.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Problems in postoperative management after anterior cricoid split.

OBJECTIVE: Describe complications and postoperative management problems associated with the anterior cricoid split. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Urban referral hospital. PATIENTS: Nine consecutive patients with acquired subglottic stenosis believed amenable to the anterior cricoid split. INTERVENTION: The anterior cricoid split was performed on 10 occasions between June 1989 and June 1992. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Extubation or decannulation. RESULTS: Six of nine patients underwent decannulation, with success. Management problems included those related to surgery or postoperative endotracheal stenting, preexisting medical conditions, and postoperative sedation requirement. CONCLUSIONS: The number of postoperative complications and management problems was highest in those patients with both bronchopulmonary dysplasia and preexisting tracheotomy.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1997

Experimental trial of balloon-expandable, metallic Palmaz stent in the trachea.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of the Palmaz stent, which has been successfully used to relieve airway obstruction in a small group of children, on the normal and operated on animal trachea. DESIGN: In this experimental trial, stents were placed bronchoscopically in the thoracic tracheae of 4 groups of 50 anesthetized cats. The cats in group 1 (adults, n = 10) and group 2 (kittens, n = 10) had normal tracheae; the cats in group 3 (adults, n = 15) underwent horizontal tracheal incision and closure; and the cats in group 4 (adults, n = 15) underwent pericardial patch tracheoplasty. In group 3 and 4, the stents were inserted in 10 cats and 5 cats served as controls. Stents were inflated to a 15-mm diameter in group 1 and an 8-mm diameter in the other groups. Half of the animals with stents were killed 5 weeks after the procedure, and the others, 10 weeks after the procedure. SETTING: The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario. RESULTS: In group 1, 1 animal died of tracheal perforation. A mild cough was noted in 15 of the 39 cats with stents. In group 4, 3 cats had difficulty eating and lost weight. The results of esophagoscopy excluded esophageal inflammation or obstruction in these 3 animals. The results of bronchoscopy indicated a nonobstructing rim of granulation tissue at the end of the stent in 15 of 20 cats in groups 1 and 2 and 17 of 20 cats in groups 3 and 4 and at the repair site in all animals with stents from groups 3 and 4. The results of autopsy indicated the cross-sectional area at the site of the stent was greater than normal in group 1 (P < .003) and smaller than the normal trachea at the site of the tracheoplasty in group 4 controls without stents (P < .02); however, the cross-sectional area at the tracheoplasty site with the stent was not smaller (P < .13). The results of histologic examination indicated a mild inflammatory reaction, with granulation tissue in all animals with stents, but in group 1, with overexpanded stents, the reaction was more severe, with epithelial ulceration, fibrosis, and sealed-off perforations in most animals. In group 3, the tracheae with stents had significantly more inflammatory reaction, granulation tissue, and epithelial damage than the controls without stents. CONCLUSIONS: The Palmaz stent provokes an inflammatory reaction in the normal trachea and the trachea recently operated on. With the exception of the group 1 animals with overexpanded stents, this reaction is clinically insignificant. The Palmaz stent is able to maintain a normal lumen size after pericardial tracheoplasty in cats.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗