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PubMed2001

Ear, nose and throat manifestations of relapsing polychondritis in a child.

Relapsing polychondritis is a rare disorder, that can present initially to Otolaryngologists and can easily be overlooked due to its relative rarity and atypical initial symptoms and signs. Here we report on a 12-year-old schoolboy who presented initially with ear, nose and throat manifestations, including stridor, cough, hoarseness, sore throat and fever. The other clinical signs such as nasal tip, depression and softening of right auricle, developed subsequently. The clinical features, laboratory investigations, diagnostic criteria and treatment options were discussed with a brief review of literature.

Antirheumatic Agents↗

PubMed2002

[The prophylaxis of wound infection in pull-percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: Correlation with methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus positive patient in the throat].

In this study, we elucidated the efficacy of our prophylactic method for wound infection in pull-percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). The total 29 patients received the pull-PEG. The first 8 patients received the oral sterilization with povidone iodine and antibiotics at the time of pull-PEG (Group-I). The frequency of wound infection in this group was 50.0% (4/8). It was revealed that all infections were induced by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). 3 patients were MRSA positive in the throat. In Group-II, we eradicated MRSA in the throat before the pull-PEG by combination mupirocin calcium hydrate with the Group-I treatment. In contrast in Group-I, the frequency of wound infection was significantly reduced in Group-II (4.8%: 1/21). The results showed that our eradication method was very useful for prevention of the wound infection in pull-PEG treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Multidose flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges in the treatment of sore throat: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in UK general practice centres.

The flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge is a novel formulation that combines a demulcent effect with the analgesic activity of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Previous controlled clinical studies have demonstrated the single- and multi-dose efficacy of these lozenges over placebo. The current study reflected the treatment of sore throat in general practice, investigating multiple dose efficacy where patients also had access to concomitant antibiotics and rescue medication. The efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge over placebo was confirmed: there was a significant difference in pain relief obtained from flurbiprofen 8.75 mg versus placebo, along with a significant reduction of difficulty in swallowing from the time of first assessment and significantly greater reductions in throat soreness and difficulty in swallowing throughout the study period. Additionally, significant benefit over placebo was demonstrated where concomitant antibiotic use was introduced, indicating that flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges can be co-administered when antibiotic therapy is appropriate. No significant safety issues were identified.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Clinical analysis of 17 cases rhabdomyosarcoma in ear nose and throat].

OBJECTIVE: To better understand the rhabdomyosarcoma in ear nose and throat and make correct diagnosis. METHOD: 17 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma in ear nose and throat were investigated. Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. RESULT: Among 17 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, three patients were in stage I, four patients were in stage II, eight patients were in stage III and two patients were in stage IV. It is the commonest in nose and predisposed to male. The clinic presentations were related to the size and location of tumor. Comprehensive therapy was need in most of patients. Poor prognosis was noted in this disease. CONCLUSION: This disease is easy to misdiagnose. Early diagnosis and comprehensive therapy will make contribution to better prognosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Awareness about sore-throat, rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in a rural community.

This I.C.M.R. study was conducted in 74 villages of Chiraigaon block, Varanasi, U.P., during the period March 1983 and December 1986. Before and after health education awareness survey about sore throat, rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease was carried out by interviewing 315 persons by stratified random sampling. The study shows that there is significant increase in the knowledge about most of the symptoms, causes, consequences and preventive measures of sore throat, rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. This paper highlights the importance of health education as a vital component of rheumatic heart disease control programme.

Awareness↗

PubMed2001

Management of the upper airway in severe cut-throat injuries.

Four patients treated for cut-throat injuries are the subjects of this paper. Two were self-inflicted suicide attempts while one each was for ritual killing and over disputed farmland. Tracheostomy was deplored at the early period in all cases to ensure safe and patent airway. Significant laryngo-tracheal stenosis was a long-term morbidity suffered by two of the patients. Management of the airway in the early and late periods following the cut-throat injuries is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Office evaluation and management of the sore throat.

Most sore throats are caused by viral infections; bacterial infections should be ascertained by laboratory testing and treated aggressively. The wide variety of etiologies demands a thorough history and physical examination to identify unusual causes of sore throat.

Ambulatory Care↗

PubMed2004

[Changes in intracuff pressure of endotracheal tubes permeable or resistant to nitrous oxide and incidence of postoperative sore throat].

BACKGROUND: We assessed the nitrous oxide (N2O) gas-barrier properties of a new endotracheal tube cuff, the Profile Soft-Seal Cuff (Resistant: R) (Sims Portex, Kent, UK). METHODS: The tracheas of randomly selected patients were intubated with the Profile Cuff (Permeable: P) (Sims Portex) tuble or with Portex Soft-Seal Cuff (R) (n=20 each) endotracheal tube. Cuffs were inflated with air, and intracuff pressure was measured during anesthesia using 67% N2O. Postoperative sore throat was assessed. In addition, the volume-pressure relationship of the cuff was determined in vitro. RESULTS: Cuff pressure increased gradually during anesthesia in both groups. The mean cuff pressure of the group R was significantly lower than that of the group P from 10 minutes to 230 minutes. The inflated gas and the deflated gas were not significantly different in both groups. The incidence of postoperative sore throat was not significantly different between the two groups. In vitro, the mean cuff pressure of the group R was significantly lower than that of the group P. CONCLUSIONS: The difference of cuff pressure is considered due to the difference in cuff compliance.

Anesthesia, General↗

PubMed2005

[Breathing disorders after resection of structures in the oral cavity, throat and neck studied by pulse oximetry examinations].

INTRODUCTION: Surgical treatment of oral cavity neoplasms consists of the resection of tumor surrounded by a healthy tissue margin. This study is aimed at an objective, qualitative and quantitative evaluation of breathing disturbances and dyspnoea after the resection of oral cavity structures, throat structures and muscles of the neck. For the purpose of evaluating the above-mentioned disturbances an attempt was made to carry out pulse oximetry examination. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have examined 50 persons after the resection of oral cavity structures, throat structures and muscles of the neck in Maxillofacial Clinic of Pomeranian Medical Academy in Szczecin. The examinations were performed by pulse oximetry set during sleep before and after operations. The patients were divided into three groups according to the type of removed structures which included: lateral part of the mandible; mental part of the mandible; part of the tongue. RESULTS: The results of examinations obtained gave rise results as: pulse oximetry examination revealed an increased incidence of blood desaturation episodes and a decrease in minimum saturation level. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of oral cavity neoplasms leads to breathing disturbances. Apnoea episodes cause a drop in the arterial blood saturation with oxygen.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Peculiarities of relationships between throat microflora and immune state among residents of areas with various antropogenous loads].

The work covered state of normal throat microflora in accordance with immune state among individuals long residing in areas with various technogenic loads. The authors revealed both general and specific changes in quantitative and qualitative contents of normal throat microflora in accordance with cellular and humoral immunity, as well as with industrial factors.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Clinical study of strengthen spleen and warm lung on treating chronic cough with throat itching].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effect and mechanism of strengthen spleen and warm lung on treating chronic cough with throat itching. METHODS: 94 patients was diveded into treatment group and control group. The treatment group was treated by strengthen spleen resolving dampness decoction combined with Xiao Qinglong decoction, and the control group was treated by meptin. It was observed for the change of cough and other sympotom before and after treatment, as well as immunity globin and eosinophil level. RESULTS: There was obviously effect for strengthen spleen resolving dampness decoction combined with Xiao Qinglong decoction to chronic cough, and it could improve concomitant symptom. This method could raise serum IgG level and decrease eosinophil. CONCLUSION: It has a good effect for strengthen spleen resolving dampness decoction combined with Xiao Qinglong decoction to chronic cough with throat itching, and its mechanism may be that abnormal immune status is reasonably modulated by this method.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Comparison of two different media-atmosphere combinations on the isolation of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci from throat cultures].

In this study effects of incubation of sheep blood agar medium in aerobic conditions and incubation of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim containing sheep blood agar medium in 5 to 10% CO2, of the isolation of group A beta hemolytic streptococci from throat cultures were compared. 608 throat swab specimens were studied. Each agar medium was evaluated after 24 and 48 hours of incubation period. The aerobic incubation of sheep blood agar plates for 24 hours yielded 108 (17.7%) strains of beta hemolytic streptococci, of these 96 (15.8%) strains being group A. 113 (18.5%) strains of beta hemolytic streptococci were isolated after 48 hours of incubation and 100 (16.4%) of these were group A. The number of beta hemolytic streptococci isolated in 5 to 10% CO2 atmosphere for 24 hours was 62 (10.2%), and 57 (9.3%) of these were group A. When the incubation period was prolonged to 48 hours, the total number of beta hemolytic streptococci isolated increased to 82 (13.5%) and 76 (12.5%) of these were determined as group A. The difference between these two combinations was significant for 24 hours of incubation, but not significant for 48 hours of incubation. The highest isolation rate for group A streptococci was achieved in aerobic incubation of sheep blood agar plates for 48 hours.

Aerobiosis↗

PubMed1991

[Evaluation of a rapid test for direct detection of group A streptococcal antigen in throat swabs. Study of 4 commercial test systems].

Four commercially prepared test reagent kits for the rapid screening of throat swabs for group A streptococci were examined in comparison to bacteriological cultures of 963 double throat swabs. The sensitivities of the test systems were 86.7% (Abbott Test Pack Strep A), 81.8% (Hybritech Tandem Icon Strep A), 79.6% (Pharmacia Phadirect Strep A), and 72.6% (Wellcome Reveal Colour Strep A) respectively. The specificity of the four tests was above 90%. Marked variations between different test reagent batches could be observed. The two tests based on the enzyme immunoassay principle proved to be superior to the agglutination tests investigated with respect to sensitivity and reading accuracy. Our results are evaluated in the light of the published literature on these tests.

Antigens, Bacterial↗

PubMed1990

Acute sore throat.

The second common problem to be presented in this series is the acute sore throat. The common causes are viral pharyngitis and tonsillitis due to streptococcus pyogenes. Another important cause that warrants attention is Epstein Barr virus (infectious mononucleosis) so that prescribing of penicillins is carefully considered. The sore throat may be the presentation of serious and hidden systemic diseases, such as blood dyscrasias, AIDS and diabetes (due to moniliasis).

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1989

[Frequency and in vitro antibiotic sensitivity of bacitracin-resistant beta-hemolytic streptococci from throat swab specimens].

The recovery of beta-hemolytic streptococci from throat specimens, from November 1, 1988 to January 6, 1989, was analyzed. Beta-hemolytic streptococci were isolated from 927 of the 5050 throat cultures (18.4%). The rate of isolation of bacitracin-resistant beta-hemolytic streptococci was 9.6%. The frequency of group B, C, D, F and G beta-hemolytic streptococci was found 14.6%, 38.2%, 3.4%, 1.1% and 42.7% respectively. All strains were susceptible to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin.

Bacitracin↗

PubMed1989

[Isolation of beta-hemolytic streptococci from throat and nasal swabs and their antibiotic susceptibility].

1218 throat and 888 nasal swabs were collected from non hospitalized patients were examined for beta haemolytic streptococci. The samples were cultured on blood agar. To facilitate the isolation of beta haemolytic streptococci the samples were also cultured on biologically anaerobic sheep blood agar. From throat swabs and nasal swabs 174 and 13 beta haemolytic streptococci were isolated respectively. 113 beta haemolytic streptococci were identified as a group A (60%). In this study we evaluated the antibiotic susceptibility of streptococci. As a result the most effective antibiotics are in order Cefuroxime, Cefotaxime, Cephalothin, Thiamphenicol, Erythromycin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Fast identification of Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M.12 in throat swabs by an improvised coagglutination technique].

A rapid procedure for identification of Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M. 12 directly in throat swabs, is reported and compared with standard culture method on blood agar plates and typing of group A Streptococci isolated, with double gel immuno-diffusion. This procedure consist of chlorhydric acid extraction of swabs and testing of the extract towards specific M. 12 protein serum using extemporaneous coagglutination technique. We have tested 1100 throat swabs, with this procedure and with standard culture procedure. Identification of group A Streptococci serotype M. 12 with reported method is obtainable within 30 to 45 minutes of receipt of the clinical specimen. This method is easy to perform, with a sensitivity and a specificity respectively: 89.7% and 98.8%.

Agglutination Tests↗

PubMed1988

[Direct antigen detection for group A streptococcal pharyngitis: comparison of throat cultures and the direct antigen test].

In this study, traditional throat culture results and direct antigen detection from throat swabs have been compared with respect to diagnosis of Group A Beta hemolytic streptococcal infections in children with acute pharyngitis who admitted to Marmara University Hospital Pediatrics Department. It has been found that direct antigen test has a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 98%.

Antigens, Bacterial↗