Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Supination”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Flexion and supination deformities of the elbow in tetraplegics.

Fixed flexion and supination deformities of the elbow occur occasionally in tetraplegics. The patients in whom this was seen were those who following injury had a neurological level at C5 and who subsequently developed radial wrist extension and brachioradialis function. They were generally patients who spent long hours with their elbows flexed and supinated. A simple effective method of biceps tenotomy and plaster correction is described. Recurrence of deformity was seen if the flexion supination posture was continued. Strength of elbow flexion was not reduced. Patients maintained correction if they refrained from poor elbow posture and wore a simple plastic splint. The procedure of correction is not difficult and because of its simplicity it can be repeated if deformity recurs.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Left ventricular volume changes during supine exercise in young endurance athletes.

AIM: The primary objective of the study was to measure the relative left ventricular volumes and the changes in left ventricular ejection fraction during supine position from rest to exercise in young endurance athletes. The secondary objective was to examine if there were gender differences regarding the volume reply and ejection fraction with exercise. METHOD: Sixty-five (35 female and 30 males) young healthy Swedish orienteers participated in the study. Left ventricular volume and ejection fraction changes between rest and submaximal supine bicycle exercise were measured with radionuclide ventriculography. RESULTS: The mean left ventricular end-diastolic volume increased by 13% (P < 0.001) but there was no change in end-systolic volume. Stroke volume was found to increase by 21% (P < 0.001). Left ventricular ejection fraction increased significantly (>0.04 units) in 54% of the athletes from rest to exercise; 5% of the athletes showed a decrease in ejection fraction. A negative correlation was found between ejection fraction at rest and the difference in ejection fraction from rest to exercise (r = -0.38, P = 0.002). There were no gender differences in the left ventricular volume changes or ejection fraction. CONCLUSION: During submaximal supine exercise, the adjustments in cardiac volumes in endurance athletes were small. There were no gender disparities concerning the left ventricular volume reply during exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Supinator tunnel syndrome--a differential diagnosis of so-called tennis elbow].

The increasing activity in sport lead especially in untrained persons to overstress of the elbow joint. Often one tends to diagnose a epicondlylits humeri radialis i.E. tennis elbow. In 1873, Runge (16) first described what we now call epicondylitis humeri radialis, i.e. what Morris (10) 1882 called "Tennis elbow." Its etiology is still under discussion, and the diagnosis of tennis elbow necessitates exact and detailed differential diagnostic efforts. In the work presented, we describe one major differential diagnosis, the posterior interosseous nerve syndrome or supinator entrapment syndrome. With sketches and anatomical preparations we describe the course of the radial nerve around the elbow joint and of its ramus profundus within the supinator muscle pouch. Listing representative causes of this syndrome, we also comment on clinical aspects and our surgical method of choice. We have interviewed and reexamined 6 of our patients suffering from a so called therapy-resistant epicondylitis humeri radialis. Due to their clinical picture all six had been operated for posterior interosseous nerve syndrome/supinator muscle entrapment syndrome. We present our results including neurophysiological evaluations. In relapsing, therapy resistant and diagnostically untypical humeral radial epicondylitis, a posterior interosseous nerve syndrome should be considered. After clinical and electromyographic examination a revision of the supinator channel is justified in selected cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effects of supine exercise on fetal heart rate in the second and third trimesters.

The effects of a brief period of supine exercise on fetal heart rate (FHR) was studied in 25 healthy, regularly exercising women, 12 in the late second trimester and 13 in the mid third trimester. Although statistically significant increases in maternal mean arterial pressure and pulse occurred, the exercise intensity was mild, with the average percent maximal pulse being 46 +/- 5% and 49 +/- 5% in the second and third trimester groups, respectively. Small increases in FHR were seen in both groups, which were insignificant statistically and physiologically. No patient experienced significant FHR abnormalities as a result of the supine exercise sequence. The findings suggest that pregnant women may continue submaximal supine exercise of short duration into the mid to late third trimester.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed2003

The whole leg radiograph: standing versus supine for determining axial alignment.

The whole leg radiograph (WLR), the standard technique for determining axial alignment, is usually taken in a standing position, although some prefer the supine position. To determine the difference between these two positions, we performed a standing and a supine WLR in 20 patients with a varus alignment. We found an average of 2 degrees more varus deviation in the standing position than in the supine position.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Modulation of Renshaw cell activity from supine to standing.

The purpose of this study was to quantify changes in Renshaw cell activity from supine to standing and determine the relationship between these changes and changes in the soleus H-reflex. Ten young subjects were tested using an indirect measure of Renshaw cell activity. Twelve test and twelve conditioned H-reflexes were collected during both supine and standing conditions. All subjects significantly increased Renshaw cell activity from supine to standing. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the changes in H-reflex and Renshaw cell activity. As the co-contraction requirement of the system increased, Renshaw cell activity also increased.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of intermittent, supine cervical traction on the myoelectric activity of the upper trapezius muscle in subjects with neck pain.

This study was undertaken to compare the myoelectric activity of the upper trapezius muscle before, during, and after intermittent, supine cervical traction. Twelve people with diagnosed disease or injury of the cervical spine served as subjects. Electromyographic recordings were taken from the upper trapezius muscle with bipolar surface electrodes. The subjects were treated with 20 minutes of intermittent, cervical traction at a force of 8% of their body weight. Recordings were taken with the subjects in the supine position before the traction, during one pull and release phase of the 10th and 20th minutes of traction, and after completion of the traction treatment. An analysis of variance with repeated measures showed no significant differences in the myoelectrical activity during the six time periods measured. The results of this study do not support the clinical use of intermittent, supine traction to produce cervical muscle relaxation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Differences in developmental movement patterns used by active versus sedentary middle-aged adults coming from a supine position to erect stance.

The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to further validate categories for the movement pattern of supine to standing in adults and (2) to evaluate the influence physical activity might have on the movement patterns used for rising. Seventy-two adults, between 30 and 39 years of age (mean = 34.1, SD = 2.8), performed the rising task while being videotaped. Subjects were divided into three groups by self-reports of level of physical activity (daily to rarely). Individual videotaped trials were classified using the previously described categories. Comparisons among the activity-level groups revealed that more active subjects demonstrated more developmentally advanced movement patterns in the righting task, consistent with earlier research on older adults. Results suggest that lifestyle patterns of regular, moderate physical activity may influence how a person performs the basic righting task of coming from a supine to a standing position. This investigation also provided additional support for the use of developmental sequences for the movement pattern of supine to standing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The effect of solid ankle-foot orthoses on movement patterns used in a supine-to-stand rising task.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Within dynamical pattern theory, ankle motion can be proposed to be a control variable, and solid ankle-foot orthoses (SAFOs) can be considered a constraint to ankle movement. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of SAFOs on movement patterns used to rise from the supine position to erect stance. SUBJECTS: Thirty-nine nondisabled young adults, ranging in age from 20 to 28 years (X = 22.7, SD = 1.87), participated. METHODS: Subjects were videotaped while rising from a supine position on a floor mat. Each subject performed 10 trials under each of four conditions: without SAFOs, right SAFO, left SAFO, and bilateral SAFOs. Movement patterns were described within three body components (ie, upper extremities, axial region, and lower extremities) by determining the mode and the incidence of each movement pattern under each condition. The subjects' mode movement patterns in the no SAFO condition were compared with mode movement patterns in the SAFO conditions using McNemar tests. RESULTS: Without SAFOs, subjects rose most commonly using a push and reach pattern of the upper extremities, a forward with rotation pattern in the trunk, and an asymmetrical squat in the lower extremities. Changes in the incidence of movement patterns occurred in all of the SAFO conditions when compared with the no SAFO condition. These changes resulted in more asymmetry when SAFOs were worn, and asymmetry was most notable in the axial region. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION: From a dynamic pattern theory perspective, ankle motion is a control variable for the supine-to-stand rising task.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of dobutamine infusion and supine bicycle exercise for radionuclide cardiac stress testing.

We have compared the inotropic drug dobutamine to supine bicycle exercise as a means of inducing stress in radionuclide ventriculography studies. Dobutamine has the following properties, making it favorable for widespread usage: 1) ability to be given safely in a peripheral vein, 2) rapid onset, and 3) short duration of action. Each patient underwent supine bicycle progressive resistance testing of 2 minutes per stage followed 30 minutes later by dobutamine administration. Accuracy of diagnosis was 0.93 and sensitivity was 0.89 with dobutamine, while with bicycle the accuracy was 0.93 and sensitivity was 0.94. While not designed to replace supine bicycle testing, incremental infusions of dobutamine appear to be nearly equal in accuracy and sensitivity, providing a satisfactory technique for cardiac evaluation of previously excluded patients.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed1988

Determination of leg length discrepancy. A comparison of weight-bearing and supine imaging.

Leg length discrepancy (LLD) may be determined by comparison of leg (lower extremity) lengths measured during physical examination or by radiographic means. Leg lengths may be measured with the patient in standing, weight-bearing position or in supine position. We used a low dose digital radiographic unit to test the hypothesis that there is a difference in LLD determined from radiographs obtained with the patient standing and those obtained with the patient supine. Conventional physical examination measurements also were compared with the radiographic measurements. The amount of LLD that is clinically meaningful has not been established, although 10 to 12 mm has been used as a threshold difference of clinical meaningfulness in the past. Analysis of our data, using 10 mm as the threshold of difference, reveals high level correlation by linear regression analysis and no significant difference by t-test between measurements obtained from standing and supine radiographs. A weak correlation and statistical difference existed between each set of radiographic measurements and physical examination measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Intracranial delivery of metrizamide from the lumbar subarachnoid space: prone versus supine positioning.

Forty patients undergoing metrizamide computed tomographic cisternography (MCTC) were prospectively evaluated for the relative merits of prone and supine positioning for the intracranial delivery of the subarachnoid contrast material. Twenty patients were prone and 20 supine when tilted head downward. The degree of opacification was deemed satisfactory or unsatisfactory in each case for the various ventricles and for the suprasellar, quadrigeminal, perimesencephalic, and cerebellopontine angle cisterns. The visualization of the suprasellar and perimesencephalic cisterns was much more often satisfactory using a prone delivery (p less than or equal to 0.05 by Fisher exact test). None of these structures was opacified significantly better with the patient supine. A prone delivery is therefore recommended for most of the common indications for MCTC.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Upright exercise or supine lower body negative pressure exercise maintains exercise responses after bed rest.

Adaptation to bed rest or space flight is accompanied by an impaired ability to exercise in an upright position. We hypothesized that a daily, 30-min bout of intense, interval exercise in upright posture or supine against lower body negative pressure (LBNP) would maintain upright exercise heart rate and respiratory responses after bed rest. Twenty-four men (31 +/- 3 yr) underwent 5 d of 6 degree head-down tilt: eight performed no exercise (CON), eight performed upright treadmill exercise (UPex), and eight performed supine treadmill exercise against LBNP at -51.3 +/- 0.4 mm Hg (LBNPex). Submaximal treadmill exercise responses (56, 74, and 85% of VO2peak) were measured pre- and post-bed rest. In CON, submaximal heart rate, respiratory exchange ratio, and ventilation were significantly greater (P < or = 0.05) after bed rest. In UPex and LBNPex, submaximal exercise responses were similar pre- and post-bed rest. Our results indicate that a daily 30-min bout of intense, interval upright exercise training or supine exercise training against LBNP is sufficient to maintain upright exercise responses after 5 d of bed rest. These results may have important implications for the development of exercise countermeasures during space flight.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Ventilatory response to erect and supine exercise.

PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that altering the ventilation-perfusion ratio of the lung by changing the body position from erect to supine would alter the ventilatory response to exercise as described by the slope of the relationship between minute ventilation and carbon dioxide production. METHODS: Ten normal subjects volunteers (5 female, 5 male: average age 22 yr; range 19-25 yr; height (SD) 173.5 (3.8) cm; weight 68.0 (3.3) kg) performed in random order erect and supine incremental cycle exercise with metabolic gas exchange measurements to determine peak oxygen consumption (VO2) and the slope of the relation between ventilation and carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2 slope). RESULTS: Subjects reached a higher peak VO2 when erect (mean (SEM))(39.2 (2.4) vs 35.7 (2.0); P < 0.05). Heart rate, ventilation, and VO2 were higher at each stage in the erect position. The respiratory exchange ratio was the same in each position at matched workloads and at peak exercise. The VE/VCO2 slope was unchanged (27.8 (2.2) erect vs 27.7 (1.9) erect). CONCLUSION: Cycle exercise in the erect position is associated with an increase in exercise capacity compared with supine exercise but with no associated changes in ventilatory response to carbon dioxide production.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis of growth pattern after supination--eversion ankle injuries in children.

In a prospective study of ankle fractures in children, the growth rate was registered with a roentgen stereophotogrammetric method. The injuries were classified traumatologically according to Gerner-Smidt and anatomically according to Salter and Harris. Twenty-six ankle fractures were classified as supination--eversion injuries. Of these, eight had intraarticular injuries, 16 had extraarticular injuries of the distal tibia, and two had a zigzag fracture through the growth plate of the distal fibula. Information about growth was obtained within 3 months after fracture, and the growth pattern was found stationary about 6 months after fracture. Five types of growth pattern were observed: Normal growth (1 case), initial growth stimulation of varying length (8), initial and temporary growth retardation (1), initial and permanent growth retardation (4), and initial and permanent growth arrest (7). The other 5 had very low growth rates bilaterally. Roentgen stereophotogrammetry was found useful in extraarticular supination--eversion injuries in girls up to 12 years of age and in boys up to 13 years of age. Intraarticular supination--eversion injuries always appear when there is low remaining growth; because of growth disturbance, no follow-up is indicated. The traumatological classification was found of value in recognizing the different fracture types. Combined with an anatomical classification, high precision in predicting growth disturbance was obtained. However, factors such as trauma, displacement, skeletal maturity, and treatment must be considered. The roentgen stereophotogrammetric method permits early determination of the growth pattern with high accuracy. The growth disturbance can be registered months before this is evident from conventional radiographic examinations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and vasopressin during thermal dehydration in supine posture.

After 30 minutes spent in an upright posture six healthy male subjects underwent two 130-minute experiments in a supine posture, the first in thermoneutral conditions (TC) and the second, 15 days later, in a hot environment (HE) in order to obtain a water loss of 2.5% body weight. In thermoneutral conditions, the supine posture induced plasma volume expansion, resulting in slightly lowered plasma vasopressin (AVP) levels and higher plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels, compared to the values obtained in the upright posture (P less than 0.05). During hot environment, the sweating-induced dehydration led to a significant reduction of plasma volume expansion and to an increase in rectal temperature and plasma osmolality (P less than 0.05). Plasma vasopressin levels were higher at the end of the heat exposure (P less than 0.05) but natriuretic peptide levels did not change, compared to the values observed in the upright posture. These data suggest that plasma volume reduction induced by thermal dehydration may limit the natriuretic peptide release, which occurs after changing from the upright to a supine position.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Abnormalities in the flow-volume loop in obstructive sleep apnoea sitting and supine.

We evaluated the effect of posture on the sensitivity and specificity of abnormalities in the flow-volume loop in 30 patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnoea. Flow-volume loops were judged as abnormal if the FEF50/FIF50 ratio was greater than 1 or if the sawtooth sign was judged to be present by at least two of three chest physicians. Detailed nocturnal recordings confirmed the presence of obstructive sleep apnoea in 17 of the 30 patients. Our results showed that both the sensitivity and the specificity of each of the flow-volume criteria for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea were higher when the loops were recorded in the supine than when they were recorded in the sitting position. The sensitivities were low, however, even with the supine posture--sawtoothing 41% and FEF50/FIF50 ratio greater than 1 47%. The highest sensitivity (71%) was obtained by considering a positive result as being the presence of either of the abnormalities in either the sitting or the supine posture. This sensitivity of the flow-volume loop was too low to recommend it as a routine screening test for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea but the presence of the sawtooth sign had a high specificity (92%) for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea. Furthermore, there was a greater fall in oxygen saturation in patients with apnoea who had sawtoothing than in those without sawtoothing. The presence of the sawtooth sign should increase the suspicion of sleep apnoea and suggest the need for further investigation. The effect of posture on the occurrence of abnormalities in the flow-volume loop suggests that position alters the configuration of the upper airway.

Female↗
PubMed1987

The retrorenal colon in the supine and prone patient.

Ninety patients underwent computed tomographic scanning in both the supine and prone positions to show the orientation of the retroperitoneal colon about the kidneys and allow evaluation of changes in colonic position and contents. The data were compared with data on 500 patients scanned only when supine. Particular attention was given to bowel found posterior to the kidneys (retrorenal colon): its frequency of occurrence on 500 scans of supine patients was 1.9%, but 10.0% in the 90 prone patients. Because most invasive renal procedures would not intersect with retrorenal colon located behind the lateral one-third of the kidney, the data were reevaluated after deletion of these patients, giving a frequency in prone patients of 4.7%. This was found exclusively at the level of the lower renal poles, and the involved colon was extensively distended with gas. Attention should be given at fluoroscopy to detect this unusual, posteriorly positioned, air-filled colon before any invasive renal procedure.

Adult↗