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PubMed1984

[Scabies vs. histiocytosis X: a possible diagnostic error].

Scabies is a relatively common disease among Spanish children. The classic papulovesicular type is not usually a diagnostic problem. Therefore, the nodular type, much less frequent, is unknown for a lot of specialists (except dermatologist), and even it is mistaken for Histiocytosis or Lymphoma. Authors present a female infant, 6 months old, with nodular skin lesions whose first diagnosis was X-Histiocytosis. Regarding the big difference between the two processes (in respect of prognosis and treatment), this chance should be excluded, among others, when X-Histiocytosis is suspected in a child with sole skin affectation.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Norwegian scabies caused by Sarcoptes scabiei variety hominis].

A rare case of Norwegian scabies in a 16 years old female patient is reported. There also was Silver Roussel's syndrome and cellular immunologic deficiency. The case was confirmed at the biopsy, direct examination and immunologic examinations. Clinically, by erythema and adherent, abundant, whitish desquamation. The treatment resulted in a full recovery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Life cycle of scabies mite (Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis) studied by scanning electron microscopy (author's transl)].

The life history of the Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis has been studied with a scanning electron microscope on crusts of a patient with hyperkeratotic (Norwegian) scabies, Eggs, embedded in an amorphous material, are laid in tiers on the parakeratotic floor of the burrow. Once larval maturation has been completed, eggs are cut out from inside and the larvae leave the shells which remain attached to the neighbouring corneocytes. The moults are easily recognized and give us a view on the hidden face of dorsal spines and bristles.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Control of psoroptic scabies on calves with ivermectin.

Eleven Hereford or Angus-cross calves slightly to severely infested with common scabies mites (Psoroptes ovis) were treated with 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a (ivermectin) at dosages given subcutaneously (SC)--300 micrograms/kg; orally--400 micrograms/kg; or IM--50, 100, or 200 micrograms/kg. At 14 days after treatment, live mites were not found on any of the calves treated SC or IM, but live mites were found on all of the orally treated calves at 14 days and on 1 of them at 28 days after treatment. Four nontreated calves retained their mite infestations during the course of the IM test. Biting lice (Bovicola bovis) were eliminated from 1 calf treated SC, but not from calves treated IM. Ear ticks (Otobius megnini) were not noticeably affected.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of phosmet for the control of the common scabies mite on cattle.

Thirty-four young range cattle heavily infested with the common scabies mite, Psoroptes ovis, were dipped in phosmet (O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate S-ester with N-(mercaptomethyl)phthalimide) in 15 trials. All concentrations from 0.15% to 0.25% that were applied once failed in at least one trial, but all concentrations from 0.075% to 0.20% were successful in eradicating mites when used twice at 7- to 10-day intervals. One single dip tried at 0.30% also was successful. Uninfested yearlings were dipped in 0.30% phosmet without apparent intoxication, but 2-year-old cattle treated in a spray-dip machine at 0.40% active ingredient became depressed and stiff gaited.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Child scabies in Nouvelle-Calédonie: its complications in general, and renal in particular (author's transl)].

Child scabies in Nouvelle-Calédonie, is: -- frequent nowadays; -- sometimes difficult to diagnose because of secondary infection or eczematisation; -- most often of favorable evolution with a one-day treatment applied to both children and their close relatives; -- sometimes complicated by surinfection, either of staphylococcic origin with various but osseous foci or streptococcic with severe glomerulonephritis.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Norwegian scabies in a patient with AIDS: report of a case.

A severe form of crusted scabies is described in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. He was treated with 1 percent lindane lotion and 5 percent sulfur ointment with 2 percent salicylic acid, which resulted in the clearing of the skin lesions.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1993

The resurgence of scabies.

The prevalence of scabies infection shows a cyclical pattern with a periodicity of 10-30 years. Various sources indicate that a major increase has been underway since 1991 and CDSC has received several reports of outbreaks in schools, hospitals and nursing homes in recent months. This brief review outlines the clinical features, diagnosis, epidemiology and management of this time-honoured infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Scabies and pediculosis.

There has been a recent notable increase in scabies and pediculosis pubis and pediculosis capitis. Once the diagnosis is established (preferably by demonstrating the mite or louse), therapy includes consideration of a risk to benefit ratio, explanation of the nature of the infestation to the patient, application of appropriate therapeutic techniques, and follow-up procedures. Resistance of the Sarcoptes mite to modern scabicides has been suggested but not proved. Resistance of the head louse and body louse to modern pediculicides has been reported in other countries but not in the United States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of ivermectin and benzyl benzoate for treatment of scabies.

A randomized investigator-blinded trial of oral ivermectin 100 micrograms/kg single dose vs. benzyl benzoate 10% application in the treatment of scabies, was conducted in 1992 in French Polynesia. In total, 44 patients aged 5-56 years were included in the study: 23 in the group ivermectin (IVER) and 21 in the group benzyl benzoate (BB). At day 30 after treatment, the cumulative recovery rates were 70% (16/23) in the group IVER, and 48% (10/21) in the group BB, 95% confidence intervals 51-87% and 29-70% respectively. The rates of recovery were greater in the group IVER at day 7, 14 and 30, but the difference was not statistically significant. Our results show that oral ivermectin is a valuable alternative to benzyl benzoate local treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Scabies: diagnosis and treatment.

Scabies is a common, severely pruritic, contagious disorder. Treatment must be careful and methodical to avoid continuing infestation. Patients and their contacts must be treated, and clothing changed. Failure to discover all the contacts leads to continuing spread of the disease.

Contact Tracing↗
PubMed1993

Parasitological and clinical studies on human scabies in Cairo.

This study is a parasitological and clinical study on human scabies. This study was carried out on 100 patients attending the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic at Ain Shams University Hospitals, including 54 males and 46 females. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking, complete dermatological examination including Skin Scraping Test and Burrow Ink Test. Younger patients attended the dermatology clinic earlier than older patients, who usually delayed their visits until complications occurred. Scratching, erythematous papules and secondary infected lesions were the commonest lesions. The hands, wrist and external genitalia were the most frequently affected sites while the feet, ankles, knees and back were the least affected. Burrows could only be detected in 40% of patients. The most frequent sites were the web spaces, external genitalia, and finger sides. Burrow Ink Test was positive among 85% of patients with burrows while mites could be identified by Skin Scraping Test in 55% of patients. The most frequent clinical manifestations in the parasitologically positive patients were itching, burrows, and papules, and the most frequent sites were the web spaces, and the finger sides. Multiple sites affection was the characteristic feature among the preschool age children who represented 14% of cases.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Scabies outbreak in an extended care unit--a positive outcome.

A recent outbreak of scabies occurred in an extended care unit attached to an acute care hospital. Seventy-eight residents and over 100 staff and family members were treated at a cost of more than $20,000. The protocol in use at that time was found to be inadequate for an outbreak situation because it was based on the assumption that all staff would have previous experience of this type of problem. Close liaison with the head nurse of the affected unit, the occupational health and safety department, the medical microbiologist and the infection control department has resulted in the development of a procedure that reflects all of the concerns that were raised during the outbreak. In addition, a policy was formulated to cover problems associated with contacting medical personnel in a timely manner. This outbreak has resulted in positive changes in procedures as well as improved communication in a wide variety of departments within the hospital.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1993

Attack of the scabies: what to do when an outbreak occurs.

Scabies remains a significant source of morbidity in nursing home residents because of its highly contagious nature. It is characterized by severe pruritus and papules, pustules, burrows, nodules, and occasionally urticarial lesions. Lesions are commonly found on the wrists, finger webs, antecubital fossae, axillae, areolae, periumbilical region, lower abdomen, genitals, and buttocks. Diagnosis is based on the history, physical examination, and demonstration of mites, eggs, or scybala on microscopic examination. Several topical scabicides are available, but permethrin cream appears to be less toxic and more effective in cases that are resistant to other agents. Successful management requires evaluation of individuals with close patient contact.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1993

Clinical and parasitological aspects on human scabies in Qualyobia Governorate, Egypt.

In the last decade, human scabies caused by Sarcoptes scabiei and other non human strains is one of the most common contagious parasitic disease. Over a period of one year (June 1991--May 1992), a total of 200 scabietic patients were diagnosed in the outpatients' clinic of Dermatology and Venereology, Benha University Hospitals. They were 120 females and 80 males (sex ratio = 1.5:1). Their ages ranged between three months up to 70 years old. Most of the patients were parasitologically positive (160 or 80%). The most common signs and symptoms were itching, skin burrows, scratch markings, papules and pustules. Regional lymphadenitis was sometimes present as well as fever in patients with secondary bacterial infection. The most affected sites were the abdomen (100%), followed by the buttocks (81.3%), the thigh (50%), legs (50%) and the arms and web spaces (62.5%). The male external genitalia was infested in 60% and the female breast was infested in 72.7%. The sex and site distribution of the infestations were attributed to the risk factor of exposure to infestation. The patients were successfully treated with 5% sulfur precipitate and 2-5% permethrin. The whole results were discussed on the light of the previous work.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Serum IgE levels in scabies. Study about 100 cases].

IgE levels were determinated in 100 cases of human scabies. In 85 cases, the values are normal (mean value =160 UI/ml, 2 S.D.=528). In 15 cases with raised values, an associated disease (cirrhosis, atopic dermatitis) was always found. The results were compared with those of other authors.

Humans↗