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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Fluorometric determination of cephradine in plasma.

A fluorometric method was developed for the determination of cephradine in plasma. A fluorescent product is formed when samples of deproteinized plasma containing cephradine are heated for 3 hr at 100 degrees and pH 1. The fluorescence is determined in sodium hydroxide solution (pH 13.5) at excitation and emission wavelengths of 350 and 445 nm, respectively. Only 0.1 ml of plasma is required, and concentrations of cephradine as small as 0.1 mug/ml may be determined. In plasma samples from a dog taken over a 10-hr period after an intramuscular injection of 250 mg of cephradine, essentially similar concentrations of cephradine were obtained by the fluorometric method and a standard microbiological bioassay.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Sensitivity and specificity of in situ bacterial chain reaction (BCR) in detecting sparse human tumor cells in peripheral blood.

We report here the development of bacterial chain reaction (BCR), a system using micro organisms as nanodevices to amplify and visualize signals from molecular bioprobes such as antibodies, binding proteins, lectins, and oligonucleotides. Unlike conventional enzyme-linked amplification systems in which the amount of enzyme is a constant parameter, in the BCR an enzyme (penicillinase) is used to trigger a proliferative chain reaction producing an exponential increase in enzyme. The detection limits and specificity of BCR were determined using a model system designed to detect and enumerate MCF-7 (a human breast adenocarcinoma cell line) cells disseminated at extremely low frequency (e.g., one tumor cell per million normal cells) among monocluclear cells (MNCs) of human peripheral blood. Results of testing 83 specimens of peripheral blood from presumably healthy donors showed 97.6% specificity. The system was capable of detecting tumor cells at a frequency of 2 x 10(-7).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetic study of a paediatric formulation of amoxycillin and clavulanic acid in children.

A combination of amoxycillin and clavulanic acid 4:1 was administered to 35 children (aged 2 to 10 years) with infections. The combination was administered orally as a suspension, every 8 h for 5 to 7 days. Sixteen children (aged 2 to 5 years), received 125 mg amoxycillin and 31.25 mg clavulanic acid, and 19 (6 to 10 years) received 250 mg amoxycillin and 62.5 mg clavulanic acid per dose. Following the first dose serum concentrations of amoxycillin and clavulanic acid were determined by microbiological assay. In the younger group receiving the lower dosage (mean: amoxycillin 9.11 mg/kg and clavulanic acid 2.34 mg/kg), the mean peak concentration of amoxycillin was 3.5 mg/l and of clavulanic acid 1.2 mg/l, occurring 1.32 h and 1.39 h, respectively, after administration. In the older group receiving the higher dosage (mean: amoxycillin 12.35 mg/kg and clavulanic acid 3.14 mg/kg) the mean peak serum level of amoxycillin was 4.0 mg/l and of clavulanic acid 1.3 mg/l, occurring 1.43 h and 1.23 h, respectively, after administration. The higher dose per kilogram body weight resulted in a higher peak serum concentration both of amoxycillin and clavulanic acid. The formulation was well tolerated by all the children and no serious side-effects were recorded. Treatment was considered clinically effective in all cases.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1975

Mechanism of the inhibitory effect of PAS granules on the absorption of rifampicin: adsorption of rifampicin by an excipient, bentonite.

The bioavailability (plasma concentrations, AUC and urinary excretion) of an oral solution of rifampicin was investigated in six healthy volunteers. Simultaneous administration of PAS granules produced a significant decrease in the absorption of RMP, whereas Na-PAS tablets had no effect. This indicated that the dosage form of the granules and not PAS itself was responsible for the interaction, and that the dissolution of RMP was not involved. The interaction could be reproduced by giving dummy granules that contained the same excipients but no PAS. The disintegration and dissolution of PAS granules in vitro correlated well with the disappearance of RMP from the solution. The major excipient of the granules, bentonite (a mineral closely related to kaolin), was found to adsorb rifampicin rapidly and strongly.

Adsorption↗