Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Reality Therapy”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Aspects of the analytic relationship.

In this article the analysand-analyst relationship is investigated from the classical and from the post-classical point of view. This leads to the distinction of four fundamental aspects of the analytic relationship: the realistic relationship, the working relationship, the transference relationship, and the primary relationship. Similarities and differences between these various aspects of the analytic relationship are discussed. Examples of confusion about the aspects are given. Disagreement about the issue is mentioned. Emphasis is laid on one of the four aspects: the primary relationship. Its importance in ordinary psychoanalysis has not received the attention it deserves.

Countertransference↗
PubMed1991

The influence of theory on the psychoanalyst's countertransference.

The emotional reaction in the analyst occurs in shared analytic work under the influence of the patient's transference phantasies and is the analyst's creation and contribution. The idea that the analyst has emotions introduced directly into the analyst by the patient such that the analyst contains somebody else's feelings is refuted. Examples have been offered to show how the analyst's working theory influences the countertransference. If the analyst is unaware of this, the analyst may mistakenly attribute negative countertransference to the patient's projection.

Conflict, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Understanding the eating-disordered patient: engaging the concrete.

Anorexic patients typically present major obstacles when beginning psychotherapy, including a tendency to focus concretely on their food- and weight-related symptoms. The author seeks to clarify the meaning of this "concrete attitude" and presents a treatment approach that accepts the anorexic person's "limitations." The case of a 14-year-old anorexic girl illustrates how acceptance and understanding of the patient's concrete attitude, especially during the initial phase of treatment, can reduce the probability of a therapeutic impasse and can enhance the treatment process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

As-if: the phenomenon of not learning.

In this paper I discuss a clinical problem presented by those patients who, instead of using analysis as an emotional learning experience, invest all their energies in keeping it in a static condition. Using the material of four patients, I illustrate how they have an underlying state of disintegration which is contained in a precarious enclosure. The patients experience great difficulty in facing this situation and preventing further disintegration. I describe a particular type of splitting, which I call 'slicing', by which they achieve an arrest of further disintegrative processes, and for which they need the continuous existence of a useless analysis. I link this situation with Bion's concept of 'minus K'.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cues: the perceptual edge of the transference.

In spite of Freud's recommendation in his postscript to Dora, analysts may neglect, as Schwaber has pointed out, the patient's perception of the analyst's participation in the analytic context. Examination of the patient's experience of the 'external', by attending to the patient's search for and use of perceptual cues, can lead to essential aspects of the patient's intrapsychic life. Beginning with the description of a particular analytic intervention, the author discusses the nature of cues, their origins developmentally, their role in the development of transference and in the generation of a particular form of resistance, and their place in the ongoing clarification of the transference, countertransference and the analyst's technique. The author then contrasts the approach described with positions taken by Langs, Gill and Sandler, and discusses why Freud's recommendations may have been neglected.

Countertransference↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of reality orientation with aging confused patients.

Use of reality orientation with elderly confused patients in a nursing home setting was evaluated. Although no significant differences were found in degree of confusion, as measured by the questionnaire developed for this study, between an experimental group who participated in a concentrated three-week reality orientation program and a control group, many effects were positive. Nursing home staff were cooperative and helpful. Families of some of the patients were pleased with improvements in their relatives. Many patients became less confused, more open, and appeared to be more alert.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The incorrect interpretation.

Incorrect interpretations are unavoidable given that the nature of psychoanalytic inference is inexact, that the interactional pressures which are brought to bear may be intense, and that the analyst is human. However, the potentially harmful iatrogenic effect of incorrect interpretations upon the patient must be acknowledged and analysed. The patients develops a transitional relationship to the analyst's interpretations which is disrupted by interpretive errors and replaced by transference reactions to a pathogenic object. The patient's response repeats, in microcosm, his past affective and defensive responses to similar environmental lapses or impingements. Only if the analyst is aware of the patient's experience of the actuality of his error and rectifies it can the integrity of the patient's self-experience be restored, his response analysed in the transference, and reconstructions formulated about the antecedents of such reactions in the patient's past.

Defense Mechanisms↗
PubMed1989

Hope and hopelessness: a technical problem?

The authors discuss a particular technical problem raised by two patients whose analysis seemed to be at a standstill. The analysands had been complaining for a long time, repeating with a monotonous, plaintive tone that there was no more hope for them. The statement of hopelessness assumed a specific meaning in the frame of their resistance within the analytic relationship. All possible interpretations had been tried until both analysts--independently--resorted to a similar unusual technical strategy which is the issue of this paper. The analyst is invested with the unrealistic task of preserving the illusion that unsatisfied needs or lost objects can be supplied and restituted. This illusion coexists with constant resentment of its lack of fulfillment. Hope alternates with hopelessness and the paradox lies in the necessity to have both coexist as an extreme defence against separation. The resentment and the mournful complaint represented the last and unique possible tie with the primary object and giving this up would mean the definite downfall of illusion and admission that it is really, truly lost for ever.

Adult↗