SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Data on age at menarche have been collected, using the status quo method, among 1246 Tahitian girls attending school. The median age, estimated by probits, is 12.75 SD 1.76. The girls of the rural districts have a higher median age (13.08 SD 1.97) than the girls of Papeete (12.61 SD 1.47). The results were compared with data collected among other girls of Maori or European ancestry in France, New Zealand and Easter Island.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
"[This is a] study of the evolution of the Tahitian family group through systematic analysis of a set of files of candidates for low cost housing. This first showed a set of frequently little-known standards: the normal nature of concubinage, relatively late marriage, the establishment of the family only considered as being effective with the third child, the generalization of adoption, etc. The trend towards nuclear families is then questioned. The nuclear family model is spreading rapidly and even appears to be consciously desired by many young couples. However, the extended family in various forms (with a tendency to favour matrilineal extensions) remains preponderant and conserves an essential social integration function in Tahitian society." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
The relationships between infant feeding patterns, infant weight status, and subsequent growth are not yet firmly established. This study attempts to address these topics among Samoan children. The study population consists of 1,186 children born between October 1974 and September 1976 who were subsequently seen in the Well Baby Clinic in American Samoa. On the basis of the clinic records the children were categorized into feeding groups (breast vs. bottle) and weight-for-length groups (less than 25th percentile or greater than 75th percentile of National Center for Health Statistics ( NCHS ) standards). A survey of 74 of these children was conducted in 1982. The average age of the children was 6.6 years. Twenty anthropometric measurements were taken and divided into three groups: skeletal, adipose, and mixed. Multiple analysis of variance was used on each of the groups of measurements to assess effects of infant feeding and weight-for-length. This analysis demonstrated significant relationships between infant weight-for-length and childhood skeletal size (heavy infants are larger children); between infant feeding patterns and childhood adiposity (bottle-fed children are fatter); and between both infant patterns and the mixed measurements (heavy and bottle-fed infants are heavier children with larger circumferences). The relationship between infant weight-for-length and skeletal size may be a continuation of infant patterns of high musculoskeletal weight in heavy infants. The relationship between infant feeding and childhood fatness was not affected by family income.
"This paper examines developments in population movement [in Fiji] between 1970 and 1986 with particular reference to an acceleration in levels of migration overseas by Indians and an exodus of Fijians from rural village communities for towns on Viti Levu and Vanua Levu. Trends in internal and international migration are evaluated at a range of spatial scales--national, regional and local. Some speculation on the effect of political and economic changes since May 1987 on these population movements attempts to provide a contemporary perspective on demographic developments over the last 15 years." Data are from the 1986 Fijian census.
"Quantitative evidence is presented on the differential mortality suffered by Indian and Pacific Island labour migrants on Fiji's plantations between 1883 and 1919, and by Japanese, Chinese and Pacific Island labour migrants in the phosphate mines on Ocean Island and Nauru between 1913 and 1940. Pacific Island labour migrants suffered much higher death rates than Asian labour migrants, due, it is suggested, to their much greater vulnerability to newly introduced infectious diseases."
"This paper uses an autoregressive statistical model to forecast population for Fiji, Western Samoa, Tonga, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu and compares these forecasts with those obtained from other methods. The growth rate of population is predicted to continue to fall in Fiji and Tonga, rise a little for Western Samoa, and rise considerably in Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands. The implications of the forecasts for recent government development plans are also discussed."
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the useability (relevance, clarity and quality of content), applicability (ease of use) and accessibility (structure and form) of a series of new safe motherhood midwifery education modules. DESIGN: Questionnaire survey and focus group discussions, preceded by a two week clinical skills course and an eight day orientation to using the modules. SETTING: Nursing and midwifery education institutions, regional training centres, acute-care hospital facilities and community settings in Ethiopia, Fiji, Lesotho, Mozambique and Nepal. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six teachers, 82 midwives, nurse-midwives and auxiliary nurse-midwives from practice settings, and 60 post basic midwifery students. KEY FINDINGS: Overall it was found that the introductory information and the technical content of the modules were easy to understand and use as were the instructions for both teachers and students. The presentation of the material was orderly and easy to follow; the language was comprehensible; and the illustrations were appropriate, clear and facilitated teaching. The teachers found that they were able to use most of the teaching/learning methods, teach most of the skills in the modules, and use the guidelines for assessing competence. The main difficulties encountered included adherence to the recommended time frame for some of the classroom sessions; the limited availability of clinical cases for teaching the specific skills in the modules and time limitations in the clinical area for practising the skills; and the provision of transport for community visits, data to complete community profiles, and time to complete other planned community activities. The students identified the need for a set of learning materials which they could take with them for future reference, and both teachers and students expressed concern about resources to support, and legislation to cover, the application of the skills taught/learned. KEY CONCLUSIONS: The modules have the potential to strengthen and support the education of midwives in developing countries, enabling them to make motherhood safer and contribute to a reduction in maternal mortality by providing better midwifery care.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Methods of inpatient management of children with diarrhoeal diseases (DD) in 1978 and in 1980 were compared to assess the use of oral rehydration salts (ORS) and a national antidiarrhoeal programme (NAP). Inpatient notes of 369 children admitted with DD were reviewed. The management of DD differed significantly but the clinical outcome was similar, with the exception of the case-fatality rate. All deaths occurred within the first 24 h of admission, indicating that this difference was attributable to improved management of DD in the community rather than changes in the inpatient treatment regime.
This paper argues that a key reason for the decline in the age of weaning in 3rd world countries may be an increasing workload for women associated with increasing involvement in the cash economy. This hypothesis is considered in light of data collected in an anthropological field study of a rural village in Western Samoa. Methods used were a village census, a household survey with fertility histories and questions on household economy, a questionnaire on breastfeeding, key informant interviews, observations made during residence in the village, and archival research. The ethnographic data suggest the possibility of a causal relationship between a decline in the age of weaning and an increasing workload for women in Western Samoa. In addition, other factors thought to account for a decline in the age of weaning, such as bottle feeding and urbanization, are unimportant in rural Western Samoa.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.