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Seizures and seizure-like states in the child: an approach to emergency management.

A practical approach to the emergency management of seizures and seizure-like nonepileptic states in childhood has been presented. The management of tonic-clonic, absence, partial complex, and focal status epilepticus was discussed. Management of the child who has had a recent episode but does not present with a seizure was outlined, with particular attention to relevant history taking, general and neurologic examinations, laboratory tests, and treatment options. Finally, seizure-like nonepileptic disorders were reviewed and differential diagnostic points highlighted.

Anesthesia, General↗

Performance characteristics of methods of analysis used for regulatory purposes. I. Drug dosage forms. B. Gas chromatographic methods.

Gas chromatographic methods for the analysis of drug dosage forms consist of a simple extraction, dilution with an internal standard solution, and injection, or, even simpler, dilution with the internal standard solution and injection. These methods were used in 7 collaborative studies of the determination of 12 pharmaceuticals, published in the Journal of the AOAC during 1973-1983. A total of 43 individual materials consisting of various dosage forms were each analyzed, usually in duplicate, by an average of 8 laboratories, with a total of 582 reported determinations. The average within-laboratory coefficient of variation (CVo) was 1.25% and the average among-laboratories coefficient of variation (CVx) was 2.41%, for a CVo/CVx ratio of 0.52, at an average outlier rate of 1.4% of the reported values. The line of best fit for CVx plotted against concentration increases with decreasing concentration, extending from a CVx of approximately 1.8% at 100% concentration to a CVx of approximately 3.2% at 1% concentration. The change in CVx for a 10-fold decrease in concentration is approximately 0.7% CVx, independent of analyte and matrix.

Chromatography, Gas↗

Eclampsia.

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Abruptio Placentae↗

Treatment of status epilepticus in adults.

Status epilepticus is a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment. General treatment is aimed at restoring physiologic homeostasis, and drug therapy is aimed at arresting the convulsive activity and preventing its recurrence. Concurrent administration of diazepam and either phenytoin or phenobarbital will be effective in most cases. After the status epilepticus has been treated the underlying cause should be investigated and, if possible, treated.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗

Saturday Conference: stuporous alcoholics: metabolic considerations.

Alcoholics are predisposed to certain metabolic disorders that cause stupor and coma. These entities include acute ethanol intoxication, ethanol-induced hypoglycemia, alcoholic ketoacidosis, ethylene glycol and methanol intoxications, thiamine deficiency, and hepatic encephalopathy. The recognition and management of these entities and the evaluation of stuporous alcoholics are discussed.

1-Propanol↗

[Porphyria and anesthesia. A case report and a short review (author's transl)].

The most important facts for the anesthesiologist about porphyria are presented on the basis of an own case. The acute abdomen with unusual accompanying symptoms (tachycardia, neurologic and psychic disorders) should rise suspicion of possible porphyria. The clinical diagnosis is most important for the anesthesiologist, because barbiturates may cause fatalities in 50% of the cases. Halothane should be avoided, too. Every suspected case should be carefully investigated including the family. The symptomatic therapy of the severe porphyria-attack is presented in short.

Adolescent↗