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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Antimicrobial synergism in the therapy of experimental cerebral nocardiosis.

A mouse model of cerebral nocardiosis was used to determine the efficacy of synergistic antimicrobial combinations in reducing bacterial colony counts per gram of brain tissue. The combinations of imipenem-cefotaxime and imipenem-trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (TMP/SMP) were compared with each other and with each agent used alone. A saline treated control group was also included. At the completion of 72 h of therapy the combinations of imipenem-cefotaxime and imipenem-TMP/SMX were the most effective in reducing bacterial colony counts. These were statistically superior to cefotaxime and TMP/SMX used alone but not statistically superior to imipenem alone. TMP/SMX was not effective in this model and was inferior to all other antibiotic treatments.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multiple recurrences of nocardial pneumonia.

A 47-year-old patient without underlying disease was first treated for nocardial pneumonia in 1970. She has had three relapses of nocardial pneumonia despite treatment with sulfasoxazole and tetracycline for nine, 15, and 12 months for the first three episodes. Therapy was continued two, 12, and nine months after chest roentgenograms returned to normal. The recurrences occurred two, 39, and 11 months after therapy was discontinued.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synergistic action of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for Nocardia asteroides: efficacious therapy in five patients.

Eighteen isolates of Nocardia asteroides were tested for in vitro susceptibility to trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) alone and in various combinations using disc and paper strip diffusion tests. TMP-SMZ showed synergistic action for two-thirds of teh nocardia isolates tested. Five patients with Nocardia pneumonia were treated with TMP-SMZ and all were cured. Four of the patients' isolates were tested and all showed synergistic patterns of inhibition with the spaced disc and paper strip methods. The agar diffusion disc and synergy tests of TMP-SMZ appear to correlate with clinical usefulness when the Nocardia are susceptible with large zones of inhibition around the combination TMP-SMZ disc.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nocardia choroid plexitis: CT and MR findings.

We report a case of nocardia choroid plexitis with extension into the parenchyma of the left parietal lobe in a previously well 13-year-old girl. The neuroimaging findings mimicked those of an intracranial neoplasm. This case illustrates the importance of including infectious etiologies in the differential diagnosis of aggressive choroid plexus lesions. The differential diagnosis of enhancing lesions of the choroid plexus in children is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary nocardiosis: CT findings.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate CT findings of pulmonary nocardiosis in immunocompromised patients. MATERIALS ALND METHODS: Five patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary nocardiosis were evaluated. Four patients were receiving corticosteroids with or without other immunosuppressive drugs for lupus nephritis (two patients), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (one patient), and renal transplantation (one patient), and one patient had long-standing diabetes. Nocardia asteroides was isolated from blood culture, bronchial washing, pleuropulmonary aspirates, or open lung biopsy. Plain chest radiography and CT were performed on all patients, and follow-up CT was performed on one patient. RESULTS: On CT there were pleural effusion (four patients), air-space consolidation with internal low attenuation with or without cavities (four patients), multiple noncavitating pulmonary nodules and subpleural pulmonary nodules (three patients), and chest wall extension (three patients). Follow-up CT after treatment showed marked improvement of the pleural and pulmonary lesions. CONCLUSION: In the immunocompromised and chronically debilitated host, pulmonary nocardiosis should be included in differential diagnosis if chest CT shows consolidation with low attenuation areas with or without cavitation, multiple pulmonary nodules, pleural effusion, and chest wall extension.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1989

Endogenous Nocardia asteroides subretinal abscess diagnosed by transvitreal fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

The authors report a case of an endogenous Nocardia asteroides subretinal abscess in an immunosuppressed cardiac transplant recipient. On clinical grounds, the metastatic subretinal abscess was initially thought to be a fungal, atypical bacterial, or viral lesion. Transvitreal fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the lesion yielded a sufficient specimen for immediate preliminary identification of the microorganism and permitted prompt initiation of an appropriate antibiotic regimen. The definitive diagnosis was based on culture of the organism from the needle aspirate.

Abscess↗
PubMed1999

Solitary spinal intramedullary abscess caused by Nocardia asteroides.

Nocardial spinal cord abscesses are extremely rare. Only three have been reported, one each from Austria, Thailand, and the United States. All three patients also had extraneurologic nocardiosis. We present the first case of an intramedullary abscess caused by Nocardia asteroides and without concomitant extraneurologic nocardiosis. It is also the first such abscess in a living human being to be diagnosed by both magnetic resonance imaging and tissue culture. Resolution was complete after treatment.

Abscess↗