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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Multimedia clinical simulation based on patient records: authoring, user interface, pedagogy.

As an alternative to available computer-based clinical simulations that mimic patient encounters, we developed a clinical case simulation that more closely resembles the patient record. Our system, implemented in a Macintosh program called Short Rounds, features rapid and customized case authoring by editing a structured text file, a dynamic user interface that presents a case-specific screen layout, and a pedagogical model that is suitable for teaching third-year medical students. We believe this approach allows faculty members to create multimedia case simulations in shorter periods of time than in available clinical simulations.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1993

A multimedia preference-assessment tool for functional outcomes.

Functional outcomes of clinical trials are often reported as number of dependencies in activities of daily living (ADLs). Quality-weighting for the ADLs has not been reported. We designed and pilot-tested ADLIB (ADL Index Builder), a multimedia computer program, that presents ADL health states to subjects and elicits from subjects a rating for the quality of life of each health state. Subjects, who were patients over age 50 without previous computer experience, found the program easy to use. Health care professionals specializing in geriatrics confirmed that the ADL presentations used in the program are in accord with typical practice in scoring ADLs. We plan to use the program to obtain population-based preference ratings that can be used to assess efficacy of clinical trials and to provide quality-weights for cost-effectiveness analysis.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

Using agent-based technology to create a cost effective, integrated, multimedia view of the electronic medical record.

Image Engine is multi-user, client-server database for the storage, retrieval and sharing of a wide range of digitized biomedical images under development at the University of Pittsburgh. This paper provides an overview of the system and describes the use of agent-based technology to integrate clinical information from the Image Engine database and the MARS clinical information system at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Agent-mediated links provide a mechanism for combining clinical data from multiple databases to create a unified, multimedia view of the electronic medical record.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1995

Image engine: an integrated multimedia clinical information system.

Image Engine is a microcomputer-based system for the integration, storage, retrieval, and sharing of digitized clinical images. The system seeks to address the problem of integrating a wide range of clinically important images with the text-based electronic patient record. Rather than create a single, integrated database system for all clinical data, we are developing a separate image database system that creates real-time, dynamic links to other network-based clinical databases. To the user, this system will present an integrated multimedia representation of the patient record, providing access to both the image and text-based data required for effective clinical decision making.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1995

Developing patient education programs with multimedia technology incorporating patient feedback into program design.

The University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston has been the site of a three year project to develop a unique set of computer-based health promotion programs for patients in community-based settings. The Healthy Touch Series is a collection of four interactive multimedia programs that were produced to provide health promotion information to underserved groups on topics related to maternal-infant health. The programs have bilingual audio tracks in English and Spanish and run on a CD-ROM platform with touch-screen control. Use of the technology with a large group of patients led to many modifications and alternations. Formative evaluation results review the key concepts we learned.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1995

Computer assisted instruction on multimedia environment for patients.

Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) is a valuable tool that not only encourages patients, but also provides medical information and the motivation for self management. We developed three modules within a multimedia environment for patients with diabetes or bronchial asthma; positive results were obtained. By using CAI, a reduction in the nurses' workload is achieved along with patients gaining profound and standardized knowledge. We also found some substantial characteristics in the patients' learning behavior and the value of "active learning" in CAI.

Asthma↗
PubMed1995

FDDI information management system for centralizing interactive, computerized multimedia clinical experiences in pediatric rheumatology/Immunology.

This paper describes the design, authoring, and development of interactive, computerized, multimedia clinical simulations in pediatric rheumatology/immunology and related musculoskeletal diseases, the development and implementation of a high speed information management system for their centralized storage and distribution, and analytical methods for evaluating the total system's educational impact on medical students and pediatric residents. An FDDI fiber optic network with client/server/host architecture is the core. The server houses digitized audio, still-image video clips and text files. A host station houses the DB2/2 database containing case-associated labels and information. Cases can be accessed from any workstation via a customized interface in AVA/2 written specifically for this application. OS/2 Presentation Manager controls, written in C, are incorporated into the interface. This interface allows SQL searches and retrievals of cases and case materials. In addition to providing user-directed clinical experiences, this centralized information management system provides designated faculty with the ability to add audio notes and visual pointers to image files. Users may browse through case materials, mark selected ones and download them for utilization in lectures or for editing and converting into 35mm slides.

Allergy and Immunology↗
PubMed1995

Testing the knowledge of postgraduate trainees in medicine: a multimedia software package.

1. TASK OF THE PROGRAM. The task of the program is to test the knowledge of applicants at the examination for specialists degrees. The applicants must answer a series of multiple choice test questions, 40% of them are connected to a medical diagnostic image of different modalities e.g., x-ray, 2D gray scale ultrasound, CT, MRI, and endoscopy images. The answer may need simple measurements and finding target areas on the image. The program manages to: test 20 applicants simultaneously in a network, handle a database of questions and images, and document and print out exam results. 2. ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE PROGRAM. The program was developed at the Medical Informatics Department of "Haynal Imre" University of Health Sciences, Budapest (MID-HIETE) according to the needs and intentions of the National Board of Medical Postgraduate Training. The program was sponsored by the OMFB/National Committee of Technical Development, a government agency, and by one of the commercial banks. 3. TECHNICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE PROGRAM. 4. SCIENTIFIC BASIS. The data bank was developed according to a previous study of medical images in clinical practice. The study describes the information content of different medical images and their role in medical practice. The image data bank originates from the developer's own medical image library and from internationally acknowledged medical textbooks (respecting copyright issues). Knowledge base of questions was drawn from basic international textbooks. 5. SUMMARY. Within a period of two years, the MID-HIETE staff succeeded in developing a modular multimedia software package that tests and screens the knowledge of postgraduate trainees. This screening method is offered as an entrance exam for the specialist degree. Currently, this exam is administered as an oral test; the knowledge of the applicants may therefore not be tested thoroughly.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1995

Using World Wide Web multimedia in medicine.

The development of the Internet [1] has given us many types of information servers in the research and academic communities: anonymous FTP [2], Gopher [3], Wais [4], News [5], and the World Wide Web [6], which is now the most used multimedia information system on the Internet. It is user-friendly and can be used to interface existing information systems and to build new information services in the medical field. We propose to investigate (not exhaustively) the functionalities and applications of the system in medicine; we also present our own experiences of using WWW to distribute medical information.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1995

Combining telecommunications and interactive multimedia health information on the electronic superhighway.

This paper describes a unique system of providing health education in community-based settings. This project combines the structure of a telecommunications delivery system with the appeal of a colorful interactive educational program to produce a new type of "telemultimedia" program. Learners in two rural areas of Colorado can enter the electronic world of the information superhighway by way of the Denver Free-Net at The University Colorado Health Science Center in Denver; they can access The Healthy Touch Series of multimedia programs on maternal-infant health from The University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Texas. This educational journey connects the learner with electronic devices in all three sites in a seamless interconnection of hardware and software. The journey was made possible by funding from The Colorado Trust and the W. K. Kellogg Foundation.

Colorado↗
PubMed1995

Multimedia medical case authorship and simulator program.

For the last several years, third and fourth year medical students rotating on the rheumatology/immunology service at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine have been using a laptop computer as a teaching adjunct to their formal training in rheumatology. The laptop contains diagnostic programs, reference management and clinical note generation facilities, remote medline access, and most recently, multimedia case simulations. These simulations have been created by the use of a case authoring and simulation system which is presented in this demonstration. The program is divided into simulator and designer modules and uses graphics and sound to portray such data as physical examination findings, blood smears, radiographs, heart sounds, etc. The simulator module includes diagnostic sections with feedback to the student as well as robust patient management trees with an occasional circuitous route for patient outcome. The student receives a numerical score based on deviations from the correct path and optimal cost as designated by the case designer. The system simulates complete management of a patient from the first encounter until treatment is complete. During each encounter, a student obtains the patient's history, physical examination findings, orders tests and reviews their results, makes a differential diagnosis, and treats the patient. The patient's progress and further treatment options at any time are dependent on the treatment option selected by the student at an earlier stage. Students are given the costs of ancillary tests and hospitalization before they order them. Words or phrases can be marked as hypertext and the student can get more information about the marked words by a mouse click. The designer interface of the program creates the clinical case by prompts and requests for information from the designer who needs no programming skills. The designer is almost always an expert faculty member who bases the simulated case on a real patient. Default and normal values for clinical findings and tests facilitate the case design. Graphics and sound files are easily incorporated into any historical, physical examination or test window. Management trees are automatically generated during the case design and the author is able to rapidly change to a new management scene for editing with a mouse click. Optimal critical path to correct cost effective diagnoses and treatment is designated and used as the standard to which the students' choices are compared. The software runs on PC's with 386 or better processors and is based in either Windows or OS/2 operating environments. The display can be VGA or SVGA, color or monochrome. Sound is played from 8 or 16 bit sound files. It can be readily extrapolated to any clinical medical specialty in the medical school or postgraduate curricula. The capabilities of this system to create unlimited, branched management and multiple clinical scenarios combined with the ease of authorship make this program unique and an excellent teaching tool.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of an interactive multimedia application to learn interpersonal skills.

A multidisciplinary team from Ryerson Polytechnic University in Toronto collaborated to produce an interactive multimedia application to teach interpersonal communication skills. The purpose of this educational prototype was to provide a module to accompany an introductory course in communication skills. Though it is based on a scenario specific to a group of health care professionals, it is hoped that the application would be useful to a variety of learners.

Communication↗
PubMed1995

[Image data bases and multimedia works on server and CD-ROM in medical imaging. A French experience].

The CD-ROM technology allows the production of multimedia works which costs far less than books do. The creation of Internet and the servers World Wide Web has the advantage of distributing those works world wide, without the difficulties and the delays related to books and magazines distribution. The Teachers' Council of Radiology of France (CERF) and the French Society of Radiology (SFR) have opted to use these new media and these information highways to spread a part of their radiology teaching work. Iconocerf is a software program which allows to create, store, read and to exchange digitized radiological cases. It's available free of charge, within the CERF and SFR. The CD-ROMs Iconocerf-Medimag contain 3,500 radiological files with 15,000 images, previously on the videodisc Medimag. The Server of the French Radiology is a W3 server which includes: the CERF directory, a guide for the teachers, the research workers and the students in Radiology and Medical Imaging. It also contains the teaching works on Radiology, and some Iconocerf clinical cases translated onto HTML. The aim of this project is to create an evaluation system for radiology. By using key words, this system allows to consult: radiological clinical cases, located on the server or on CD-ROMs; reference texts; and to have access to the experts' addresses to be able to send them eventually a difficult case through electronic mail.

CD-ROM↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The interactive patient: a multimedia interactive educational tool on the World Wide Web.

To develop a physician-friendly continuing medical education tool for use on the World Wide Web, and to improve physicians' clinical and history taking skills, developers at Marshall University designed a multimedia interactive patient encounter for a Web server. Any physician with access to the Internet can use this program to take a history, perform a physical examination, order laboratory and radiologic studies, and submit a diagnosis and treatment plan. The system evaluates the user's performance electronically and delivers CME credits by mail. The Interactive Patient has been embraced by the medical community, with many institutions providing links to this new tool and hundreds of physicians using it. The enthusiasm of most users demonstrates that combining education with fun enhances the learning experience.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Using multimedia to teach conflict-resolution skills to young adolescents.

SMART Talk is a multimedia, computer-based violence-prevention intervention that employs games, simulations, graphics, cartoons, and interactive interviews to engage young adolescents in learning new skills to resolve conflicts without violence. Eight modules cover anger management, dispute resolution, and perspective taking. SMART Talk was pilot-tested in a small-city middle school during a three-week period. After the pilot testing, SMART Talk was implemented in a middle school (sixth, seventh, and eighth grades) with a diverse socioeconomic population, located within 10 miles of a major Midwestern metropolis. The 16-week intervention began in January. Students had access to SMART Talk during the school day and could use the computer alone or with a partner. Subjects for whom parental permission (n = 558) was granted were given a preintervention and postintervention survey. The survey measured demographic, psychosocial, and environmental factors as well as aggressive and other violence-related behaviors. After the pretest, two teams from each grade were randomly assigned to the intervention group and one team to the control group. Only students in the intervention group had access to SMART Talk during the 16-week intervention period. After the posttest, control subjects had access to SMART Talk. Additional data for the evaluation were collected through archival records of grades and school disciplinary actions. All variables indicated comparability between intervention and control groups. As a population, 84% of the students were Caucasian and 9% were African American. Psychosocial variables indicated 30-day frequently angry (64%), 30-day depression (15%), and impulsivity (28%). Environmental variables indicated that 68% reported they could get a gun easily, 59% feel unsafe in their neighborhood, and 24% were personally affected by violence. Violence-related variables indicated 30-day threatened to hit (45%), 30-day hit someone (56%), bullying behavior (29%), and fighting (38%). Overall, a significant percentage of the sixth-, seventh-, and eighth-graders in this study have engaged in aggressive or risky behaviors such as fighting and bullying other students. Because many of these students frequently are angry, feel unsafe in their neighborhood, and have been personally affected by violence, violence-prevention programs are warranted in this school. SMART Talk gave the students an avenue to explore anger-management strategies and conflict-resolution and perspective-taking skills.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The impact of a family planning multimedia campaign in Bamako, Mali.

An integrated multimedia campaign featuring family planning messages saturated the 900,000-person city of Bamako, Mali, for three months during the spring of 1993. With traditional theater and music, family planning messages were repeatedly broadcast on radio and television that conveyed information about modern contraceptive methods, the need for male sexual responsibility, the health and economic advantages of family planning, the need for communication between spouses, and that Islam, the predominant faith of Mali, does not oppose family planning. A separate sample pretest-post-test quasi-experimental research design was used to evaluate the effects of the campaign and exposure to specific messages on changes in contraceptive knowledge, attitudes, and practice. Results indicate a high level of exposure to and agreement with the messages. A dramatic drop was found in the proportion of men and women who believe that Islam opposes family planning. Logistic regression results indicate that contraceptive knowledge and use and more favorable attitudes toward family planning are positively associated with intensity of exposure to the project interventions, after controlling for relevant variables.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Development of continental scale multimedia contaminant fate models: integrating GIS.

The incentives and approaches for modelling chemical fate at a continental scale are discussed and reviewed. It is suggested that a multi-media model consisting of some 20-30 regions, each of which contains typically seven environmental compartments represents a reasonable compromise between the issues of the need for detailed resolution, avoidance of excessive data demands and inherent complexity and transparency. Strategies adopted in compiling the Berkley-Trent (BETR) model for North America are discussed and used to illustrate the issues of selecting appropriate number and nature of segments, treatment of air and water flows and the acquisition of environmental data. It is suggested that GIS software can play a valuable role in gathering and processing such data and in the display and interpretation of the results of the model assessment. The BETR model will be a useful tool for describing the nature of persistence and long-range transport of chemicals of concern in the North American environment.

Air Movements↗