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Results for “Maxillofacial Development”

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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Analysis of the vertical facial form in patients with severe hypodontia.

We examined the lateral cephalograms of Russian patients in the following categories: control with acceptable occlusions (group 1); severe hypodontia with absence of six or more teeth (group 2); and severe hypodontia associated with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) (group 3). Analysis was in a cross-sectional manner, comparing dimensions at the start of the mixed dentition phase (age 6-10) and in the permanent dentition (age 12-18). The groups were matched for age and sex. Thirty-one hard- and soft-tissue landmarks were traced, and 35 linear, 19 angular, and 7 ratioed measurements were taken and compared, using analysis of variance to compare the means of each group. A reduced anterior face height was found in groups 2 and 3 as a consequence of a reduced anterior lower face height. In group 2 in the mixed dentition, the posterior face height was also reduced. The inclination of the mandible (<Se S Go Gn) was significantly reduced to 28.22 degrees +/- 0.71 degrees in group 2 and to 24.07 degrees +/- 0.97 degrees in group 3. The facial profile appeared flat or concave (<se pn pg was increased up to 8.42 degrees +/- 1.56 degrees in children and 16.81 degrees +/- 2.18 degrees in adolescents). The subnasion point was behind the aesthetic line (EL), and in group 2 patients the naso-labial angle was obtuse when compared to nonaffected patients. In group 3 patients, the naso-labial angle became acute and lips were protuberant and everted as a consequence of the reduced vertical height. Groups 2 and 3 have the typical facial characteristics unique to hypodontia, with reduced vertical dimensions as a consequence of limited alveolar bone growth. However, group 3 patients have a unique abnormal craniofacial development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The zygomatic arch and its possible influence on craniofacial growth and development.

This study was designed to investigate the role of the zygomatic arch and craniofacial growth along the anteroposterior axis. One may conclude that: 1. Surgical intervention on the zygomatic arch results in a generalized inhibition of regional zygomatic arch growth. 2. When only one zygomatic arch is sectioned, the posterior root of the sectioned side appears to be displaced posteriorly. This is a possible result of the normal growth process proceeding without the restraints of an intact zygomatic arch. 3. A decrease in anteroposterior dimension occurs in the posterior zone as a result of surgical intervention. 4. Further studies to determine the influence of the zygomatic arch on transverse maxillary growth must be completed before any clear or complete concepts of its role in craniofacial growth and development may be more fully elucidated.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Combined surgical therapy of temporomandibular joint ankylosis and secondary deformity using intraoral distraction.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a pathological process caused by damage of the mandibular condyle. When this event takes place in subjects during the developmental age, it results in an alteration of the entire maxillofacial complex. Therefore, surgical methods able to remove the temporomandibular ankylosis also include necessary operations to correct the secondary maxillofacial deformity. The distraction osteogenesis has induced our center to modify the surgical protocol for the therapy of patients who have developed TMJ ankylosis and secondary maxillomandibular deformity. We have treated four patients with monolateral ankylosis of the TMJ and serious deformities of the maxillomandibular complex secondary to functional limitation. During the same operation, arthroplasty was performed with the removal of the ankylotic block and the interposition of a temporal muscle flap in the new articular space; an intraoral osteodistractor was also positioned to lengthen the mandible. All patients showed recovery of the eurhythmy of the face and good re-establishment of the symmetry. An average 12-month follow-up showed the average opening of the mouth to be at least 35 mm. The combination of TMJ arthroplasty and intraoral osteodistraction provides good functional and aesthetic results in patients affected by ankylosis who have developed secondary maxillofacial deformities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Growth of the middle face in experimental early bony fusion of the vomeropremaxillary, vomeromaxillary and mid-palatal sutural system. A roentgencephalometric study in the domestic cat.

In 23 domestic cats, 21/2 months of age, the junction between the nasal septum/vomer and the hard palate was extirpated along with the full extent of the mid-palatal suture. Under the cover of undisrupted oral- and nasal mucoperiosteum the resulting osseous defect was then left for healing. In seven animals histology showed that the vomer, the premaxilla and maxilla had formed one continuous osseous entity with no sign of the sutures ordinarily separating these bones. Neither could a septo-premaxillary ligament be found. By cephalometry, the ensuing mid-facial growth in these cats was compared to that of seven unoperated controls which possessed an unobliterated vomero-mid-palatal suture system. The animals were followed until 13 months of age, i.e. till after cessation of general growth. The expansion of the palate appeared, in the operated cats, to be significantly reduced, indicating that growth in the mid-palatal suture is essential for development in the transversal direction. Concerning vertical and antero-posterior mid-facial growth, however, no disparities were found. Consequently it can be deduced that, at least after the early postnatal period, growth in the basal part of the nasal septum/vomer is of no concern for mid-facial development in the sagittal plane.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effects of primary bone grafting on facial development in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate.

The study is based on an anthropometric assessment of X-ray films obtained in 22 adult males with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate treated during childhood with primary bone grafts and in 32 males with the same type of cleft without bone grafting. In the series with bone grafts was recorded a more marked reduction of maxillary depth associated with a larger retrusion than in the series without bone grafts. This deviation was therapeutically compensated by a larger displacement of the mandible backwards which contributes to the increase of mandibular posterior rotation. This provided the possibility to attain an edge to edge bite. Our results confirmed the unfavourable effects of primary bone grafting on maxillary growth and development.

Adult↗