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PubMedDate not supplied

Myositis ossificans following radical neck dissection.

Myositis ossificans traumatica is an uncommon disorder in which there is posttraumatic bone formation in muscle and other soft tissues near bone. The lesion is exceedingly rare in the head and neck. A case is presented in which myositis ossificans of the platysma occurred following radical neck dissection. Because recurrence may follow excision of the abnormal bone, removal is recommended only if there are significant symptoms associated with the lesion. If surgery is indicated, it should be delayed for 6 to 12 months following the initial trauma to allow for maturation of the lesion.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Malignant myositis ossificans. A case report.

A patient presented with an ossifying thigh mass suggestive of myositis ossificans. He had no antecedent trauma to the area. The mass was found to be an ossifying soft tissue metastasis from an occult gastric adenocarcinoma primary. Malignancy, and especially metastatic malignancy, is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of a radiographic presentation of myositis ossificans.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Myositis ossificans of the upper arm.

Myositis ossificans is a benign condition resulting from severe muscular contusion manifested by heterotrophic bone formation. The process is common in the anterior thigh but the literature dealing with myositis ossificans in the upper arm is limited. Ten cases of the condition in the upper arm were seen in our practice. All 10 were the result of football injuries and exhibited one or more of the triad of local pain, a hard palpable mass in the muscle, and a flexion contracture of the elbow. Seven of the cases (70%) were asymptomatic or signficantly improved in less than 3 months with conservative nonoperative management. Three patients (30%) underwent surgery because the painful mass persisted. In two (66%) of the surgically managed cases, there was clinical and radiographic evidence of recurrence postoperatively in spite of delaying excision until radiographic parameters of maturation were present.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Childhood onset inclusion body myositis mimicking limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.

Inclusion body myositis was initially recognized in patients with "steroid-resistant polymyositis" and subsequently in patients with other immune-mediated disorders. The finding of inclusion body myositis in a patient diagnosed for 30 years as having limb-girdle muscular dystrophy suggests yet another patient pool that may harbor this entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Myositis ossificans: an unusual presentation in the foot.

Myositis ossificans is a non-neoplastic lesion characterized by heterotopic ossification of soft tissue. At varying stages of maturity, it shares similar histologic characteristics with sarcomatous lesions or maturing bone. Misdiagnosis can result in unnecessary radical treatment. This lesion has only rarely been reported in the foot. We present the case of a patient with plantar forefoot myositis ossificans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Pseudomalignant myositis ossificans mimicking osteosarcoma: a case report.

An ossifying soft-tissue lesion is potentially malignant. The possibility of malignancy increases in the absence of significant trauma. Pseudomalignant myositis ossificans can be easily confused with malignant lesions. A 22-year-old man presented with an ossifying mass in the adductor compartment of the thigh. The mass was excised and histopathologically reported as a soft-tissue osteosarcoma, but was later confirmed as pseudomalignant myositis ossificans by a pathologist specialising in oncology. Careful consideration and correlation of clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings is required to ensure the correct diagnosis is made and both initial and ongoing management is appropriate.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Myositis ossificans of the chest wall.

We report the unusual case of a young man with progressive pain in the thoracic wall. The radionuclide bone scan revealed an increased uptake, and the bone roentgenogram, a calcified soft-tissue mass. Based on computed tomography findings, biopsy was avoided, and evolution was favourable for myositis ossificans. Although rare, myositis ossificans is one of the potential causes of thoracic pain, not to be mistaken for a malignant or infectious lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Messenger RNA degradation may be inhibited in sporadic inclusion body myositis.

OBJECTIVE: To integrate an immune-mediated mechanism and the disturbed protein expression in sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM). BACKGROUND: In IBM, abnormal fibers harbor inclusions of some proteins found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Poly(A)-binding protein 1 (PABP1) is the RNA binding protein that attaches to the poly(A) tail of mRNA and is involved in translation and mRNA degradation. Under stresses, mRNA combined with PABP1 forms cytoplasmic granules called stress granules. METHODS: Using 12 muscle biopsies with sporadic IBM and 46 controls, the authors localized PABP1 by immunohistochemistry, and poly(A)-containing RNA (poly(A)+ RNA) using the in situ hybridization method. They also immuno-localized HuR, one of the components of stress granules. RESULTS: In IBM, a proportion of fibers, including those vacuolated, showed an abnormal accumulation of PABP1 immuno-positive deposits. An immunofluorescence study indicated that large PABP1 positive deposits formed conglomerates with poly(A)+ RNA and PABP1 colocalized with HuR. Although PABP1-positive cytoplasmic inclusions were found in disease controls, their aggregates combined with poly(A)+ RNA were only detected in IBM. CONCLUSIONS: The localization of PABP1 positive deposits in inclusion body myositis (IBM) and other diseases may correspond to the stress granules that are formed under exposure to cellular stresses and the sites of mRNA turnover. The concomitant aggregation of poly(A)+ RNA that is specifically found in IBM may be due to the inhibition of mRNA degradation, which may affect translation. The authors speculate that an autoantibody against mRNA degradation machinery could play a role in this inhibition.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Effect of denervation on coxsackie A virus myositis in mice: an electronmicroscopic study.

Myositis induced by Coxsackie A4 and A9 viruses was investigated in the gastrocnemius muscles of suckling mice and adult mice with denervation. Denervation markedly increased the susceptibility of adult mice to Coxsackie A virus infection, and this effect was initiated as early as 1 day after denervation. Light microscopy demonstrated inflammation and necrosis in the denervated gastrocnemius muscle of adult mice, whereas muscle from the contralateral leg showed only infrequent, mild, focal myositis. Ultrastructually, crystalline arrays of virus particles were seen in the infected muscle fibers and in the phagocytes of both suckling and adult mice. Nuclear alterations, especially in the myotubes, and a characteristic compound membrane-vesicle complex (CMVC) in the sarcoplasm, developed simultaneously. Replicating and fusing myoblasts, activated as part of the regenerative process after denervation, appeared to be closely associated with the susceptibility of muscle to Coxsackie A virus infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Total body irradiation not effective in inclusion body myositis.

Four patients with inclusion body myositis were treated with 150 rad of total body irradiation given in 5 weeks. One patient responded subjectively and transiently, but no patient showed clear benefit. This treatment is not recommended for inclusion body myositis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Orbital myositis and giant cell myocarditis.

A 65-year-old woman developed progressive, bilateral ophthalmoplegia, with thickened extraocular muscles on CT. One month later, a cardiac arrhythmia led to her death. Pathologically, the extraocular and skeletal muscles showed diffuse mononuclear cell inflammation, while the heart contained granulomatous myositis. This patient's syndrome of idiopathic, orbital myositis and giant cell myocarditis may be a distinct nosologic entity.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Inclusion body myositis: treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin.

We report the results of nine patients with inclusion body myositis treated with intravenous immunoglobulin in an open-label uncontrolled study. None of our patients improved on objective manual muscle testing or functional disability scores. One patient developed mild neutropenia, complicating the intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. Our results do not exclude the possibility that intravenous immunoglobulin could be beneficial in some patients by slowing the rate of deterioration or perhaps stabilizing the disease. However, given the lack of objective improvement and high cost of treatment, we would not recommend intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of inclusion body myositis unless a blinded, controlled trial demonstrates clear benefit.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Proliferative myositis arising in the tongue.

We describe a rare case of proliferative myositis affecting the lateral border of the tongue. The site of the lesion and its gross pathological presentation were highly suggestive of a malignant process. Subsequent biopsy and characteristic histological appearance led to the diagnosis of this benign condition. This is the first reported case of a painful presentation of proliferative myositis involving the tongue. This report serves to remind the head and neck surgeon of the need to obtain histological diagnosis of malignancy before embarking upon radical surgical treatment. We recommend careful follow-up to ensure complete resolution of the lesion.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1991

Focal myositis, a benign inflammatory pseudotumour: CT appearances.

Focal myositis is a rare benign pseudotumour of skeletal muscle, of unknown cause. Clinically it presents as an enlarging mass within muscle, usually of an extremity, and is often mistaken for a soft tissue neoplasm. The diagnosis is made by biopsy which reveals characteristic histological changes of inflammation, focal degeneration and regeneration, and some evidence of denervation. The CT findings include irregularity and enlargement of the muscles involved, with diffuse, poorly defined fatty infiltration of the muscle planes, but no evidence of an associated mass. We present two cases of focal myositis of the calf, both of which mimicked a soft tissue neoplasm, and in which CT was helpful in determining the nature and extent of the abnormality, for needle biopsy, and follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Two cases of acute myositis associated with influenza A virus infection in the elderly.

During the influenza epidemic of 1998-1999, we observed two elderly patients with influenza-like symptoms who had evidence of acute myositis with elevated serum enzymes. Influenza A infection was confirmed serologically in either case. The present cases suggest that it is important to distinguish influenzal myositis from other forms of myopathy in the elderly patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Myositis ossificans progressiva. Clinical features of eight patients and their response to treatment.

The clinical features of eight patients with myositis ossificans progressiva are described and the effects of treatment with the diphosphonate EHDP, together with surgical removal of ectopic bone, are assessed. Early correct diagnosis remains unusual, mainly because the significance of the short great toes is unrecognised, and because myositis may be mistaken for bruising, sarcoma or mumps. The diphosphonate disodium etidronate (EDHP) was given to all patients in an attempt to suppress calcification of new lesions; in five of them ectopic bone was removed during the treatment. EHDP sometimes delayed the mineralisation of newly formed bone matrix after surgical removal but this delay could not be predicted. The variable effect of EHDP may depend particularly on the amount absorbed and on the activity of new bone formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Quadriceps myositis.

A young woman with slowly progressive muscular weakness and atrophy localized in both thighs is reported. Laboratory, electromyographic and histological findings suggested that the patient suffered from chronic myositis with a background of autoimmune disorder. Quadriceps myositis is a rare condition. The previously reported cases of this disease in the literature are reviewed.

Adult↗