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PubMed1977

Luteinizing hormone secretion and female lordosis behavior in male pigs.

Serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone were monitored during the first 9 weeks of life in male pigs. In boars, testosterone was constant during this period, and LH was elevated from birth through day 21 and declined between days 21 and 28 to levels observed in adult boars. Castration on day 3 reduced testosterone concentrations without having an immediate effect on LH, but after day 21, LH was consistently greater in castrated males than in boars. Responsiveness of the early postnatal testes to LH was shown by reduced testosterone concentrations after treatment with LH-antiserum on day 2. Norethindrone had no effect on LH or testosterone when given on day 2 but decreased the concentrations of these hormones in 5-month-old boars. Similarly, estrogen had no effect on LH secretion in 4-day-old boars. In 9-month-old castrated males, estrogen decreased LH concentrations during the first 48 h of daily treatment, but after this, LH increased and returned to pretreatment levels by 88 h. Also, daily estrogen treatment of castrated males induced female lordosis behavior. From these observations we conclude that negative feedback control of LH secretion is inoperative in neonatal male pigs and that exogenous estrogen can induce responses characteristic of females in castrated postpubertal males.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Inhibition of lordosis behavior in the female rat by intraventricular infusion of prolactin and by chronic hyperprolactinemia.

The role of prolactin (PRL) in the control of the lordosis reflex of female rats was investigated. In the initial series of experiments, the normal high level of sexual receptivity observed in the ovariectomized, estrogen-progesterone (E-P) primed female rat was suppressed by intraventricular infusion of 100 ng PRL. Mating behavior remained suppressed 2, 3, and 5 hours following a single infusion of PRL into the third ventricle. In contrast, infusions of either an equal volume of the solvent vehicle (saline) or 100 ng of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were ineffective in modulating the level of mating behavior in hormone-primed female rats. In a second series of experiments, chronic hyperprolactinemia was induced by pituitary transplants under the renal capsule in intact, normal cycle diestrus rats (N=12). A significant decrement in E-P induced mating behavior was observed at 12 and 14 weeks posttransplantation but not at 4 weeks. Sham-operated animals (N=12) displayed the characteristic pattern of behavior normally observed under exogenous E-P therapy. In summary, transient exposure as well as chronic exposure to high levels of PRL can suppress mating behavior, thus suggesting a possible role for PRL in the mediation of reproductive behavior in the female rat.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1980

Mounting and lordosis behavior in androgen primed ovariectomized rats: effect of dorsal deafferentation of the preoptic area and hypothalamus.

Daily injections of 500 microgram testosterone propionate (TP) for 21 days induced mounting behavior in all of 10 castrated male rats and the mean mount frequency (MF) for 30 min was 32.4 +/- 6.6 (mean +/- S.E.). The same treatment with TP induced mounting behavior in 6 out of 8 ovariectomized rats (female control), but the mean MF was 2.8 +/- 0.7. Eight out of 12 ovariectomized rats which received a horizontal half-circle cut anterior to the anterior commissure (anterior roof deafferentation, ARD) with an L-shaped Halász knife displayed mounting behavior more frequently and their MF was 14.5 +/- 5.1. The latent period between the introduction of a receptive female and the occurrence of the first mounting (mount latency, ML) in ARD rats was significantly shorter than that of the female controls. A half circle cut located posterior to the anterior commissure (posterior roof deafferentation, PRD) and sham deafferentation (SD) in the female rats had no effect on MF and ML. On the day following the last test for male behavior, all female rats were injected with 0.5 mg progesterone in order to examine female sexual behavior. The mean lordosis quotient (LQ) of the ARD group was 62.5 +/- 13.4. In the female control, SD and PRD groups, however, LQs were significantly lower than that of ARD rats, being 15.1 +/- 10.9, 37.5 +/- 14.7 and 23.8 +/- 11.8, respectively. These results suggest that the dorsal inputs to the POA and hypothalamus which pass anterior to the anterior commissure may exert an inhibitory influence not only on the female sexual behavior mediating system but also on the mounting mediating system in female rats.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1983

Occurrence of lordosis-like posture in male and female mice given manual stimulation during the early period of anesthesia.

Normal estrous or diestrous female, ovariectomized female and estrogen plus progestin-primed, ovariectomized female mice of the ICR/JCL strain adopted a lordosis-like posture (LLP) in response to manual stimulation of the dorsal rump when they stood at the initiation of barbiturate anesthesia. Normal and castrated male mice also adopted a LLP following manual stimulation at the commencement of barbiturate anesthesia. In contrast, approximately 60% of anesthetized female mice at day 14 of gestation showed LLP without any tactile stimulation. In these pregnant mice, manual stimulation never brought about any change in the LLP incidence at the initiation of barbiturate anesthesia.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1992

Lumbar lordosis: normal adults.

Lumbar curvatures in 149 normal adults from the general population were studied. There were 76 men and 73 women with an average age of 50 years. The mean values of lumbar lordotic angle (LLA), lumbosacral angle (LSA) and sacral inclination angle (SIA) were 33.2 +/- 12.1 degrees, 11.4 +/- 4.7 degrees and 26.4 +/- 10 degrees, respectively. A high correlation was noted between LLA and SIA (r = 0.883, p = 0.0001). LLA is an ideal parameter for the evaluation of lumbar lordosis. The normal value of LLA can be defined as 20-45 degrees with a range of 1 SD. No significant differences were noted in these three angles between males and females in any age group (LLA, p = 0.647; LSA, p = 0.80; SLA, p = 0.189). Also, X-ray findings indicated there were no significant differences between these three angles in spondylotic spines and those spines with a normal appearance from X-ray finding. The average LLA increased with age. Significant lumbar lordotic angle differences were noted between those patients less than 35 years of age and those greater than 60 years, as well as in the 35-60 age group and the greater than 60 age group (p = 0.0056).

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[The effect of titanium mesh cage on maintenance of thoracolumbar and lumbar lordosis in anterior instrumentation for thoracolumbar and lumbar scoliosis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical importance of titanium mesh cage (TMC) in anterior instrumentation for scoliosis. METHODS: Thirty-six consecutive patients with thoracolumbar/lumbar adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were treated with anterior derotation and instrumentation using autologous bone grafting and TMC for interbody fusion. The average age of patients was 17 years (ranged from 14 to 22 years), in which 5 cases were male and 31 cases were female. RESULTS: The coronal Cobb angle before surgery, 2 weeks after surgery, and 13 months at the follow-up was measured as 56 degrees , 15 degrees , and 18 degrees respectively, while the thoracic kyphosis from T(5) to T(12) was 30 degrees , 33 degrees , and 37 degrees respectively, and the lumbar lordosis from L(1) to S(1) was 46 degrees , 56 degrees , 51 degrees . There were no death, infection, implant failures or collapse of intervertebral space. Intraoperative injury of lacteal occurred in one patient, but no postoperative complications happened. One of two patients who had pleural effusion was managed with close drainage. Exudative pleurisy occurred in one patient, the sympathectomy effect occurred in three patients who presented asymmetry of skin temperature and resolved in short term. CONCLUSIONS: Coronal and sagittal alignment can be well corrected and maintained with TMC in anterior scoliosis surgery, collapse of intervertebral space and lumbar kyphosis can be prevented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Salivary imprints on the mandible. The sign of lordosis of the ramus (author's transl)].

All of the principal salivary glands are in contact with the membranous mandible, in the form of contiguous relationships which develop and disappear respectively at the time of phylogenesis and ontogenesis of the first branchial arch. A contrast must also be drawn concerning the static relations between the submaxillary and sublingual glands and the inner aspect of the horizontal branch and the dynamic relations between the posterior edge of the ramus and the parotid gland ensured by the inter-mandibulo-parotid sliding space. In this perspective, the physiological slope of the posterior border of the ramus is certainly of parotid origin. This slope may be exaggerated in the presence of a parotid tumour, forming the indirect radiological sign of sagittal lordosis of the ramus, sometimes associated with a certain degree of frontal scoliosis in the case of a tumour with pharyngeal prolongation. Once again in this perspective, the inter-mandibulo-parotid sliding space makes for easy separation of the anterior parotid aponeurosis of the mandible and of its muscular sling.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Spinal anesthesia and lumbar lordosis.

Hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (3.0 ml) was injected intrathecally in two groups of 20 patients. Both groups of patients lay in the lateral position with their hips flexed at 90 degrees. In group F, the hip flexion was maintained for 5 minutes after turning supine. In group S, the hips were straightened before the patients were turned to the supine position. The technique of hip flexion to reduce the lumbar lordosis did not significantly limit the height of anesthetic blockade. The distribution of height of anesthetic blockade showed marked bimodality (P less than 0.05) in both groups, in group F at T4 and T9 and in group S at T3 and T9. Cardiovascular side effects were minimal and equal in both groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1954

Lordosis.

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Animals↗
PubMed2003

Lumbar lordosis in acute and chronic low back pain patients.

Postural changes are sometimes a risk factor for low back pain. Abnormal posture creates a strain on ligaments and muscles that indirectly affects the curvature of the lumbar spine. This study was planned to investigate the relationship between the angles of the lower lumbar spine and spinal mobility in acute and chronic low back pain patients. Fifty patients (25 female, 25 male) with chronic low back pain and fifty (30 female, 20 male) with acute low back pain were included the study. Both groups were subjected to lumbosacral radiography in the lateral position while standing. Patients were assessed by parameters including spinal mobility, sacral inclination angle, lumbosacral angle, and sacral horizontal angle. Spinal mobility included the maximal range of motion of lumbar flexion and extension. The value of the sacral inclination angle was significantly higher and correlated with lumbar extension in chronic low back pain patients ( P<0.005, r=0.32). There was no statistical difference or correlation in lumbosacral and sacral horizontal angles and spinal mobility between the two groups ( P>0.05). Chronic low back pain affects the lower lumbar spine and limits the maximal range of;lumbar extension.

Acute Disease↗