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PubMed1991

[Cutaneo-mucosal hyperpigmentation in AIDS. 4 cases].

Four cases of pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes in homosexuals of the IVC1 group (CDC classification) are reported. The aetiological investigation, although incomplete, pointed to a medicinal origin which could not be formally confirmed. The drugs suspected were azidothymidine, pyrimethamine and ketoconazole. There was no clinical or laboratory evidence of adrenal insufficiency. The few published cases of cutaneo-mucosal pigmentation in HIV infection, often mimicking adrenal insufficiency, emphasize the need for thorough toxicological investigation; this may avoid prescribing an unnecessary and dangerous corticosteroid therapy which might be harmful in these deeply immunocompromized patients who often have multiple infections.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

[Hyperpigmentation of the face].

A 49-year-old male patient is presented, who developed hyperpigmented macules on the face. An exact classification of the disorder was not possible on the basis of anamnestic data, histology and electron microscopy. An attempt was made to differentiate it from other known dyschromias of the face.

Dermabrasion↗
PubMed1988

Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.

The epidermis provides a barrier against environmental toxins. The epidermal inflammatory response (dermatitis) causes the release of many peptides, chemical agents that alter the activity of both immune cells and pigment cells. Postinflammatory pigmentation may be an indicator that the melanocytes are part of the epidermal inflammatory system. Programs for treatment of postinflammatory pigmentation have been outlined.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Systemic photochemotherapy (PUVA) in acanthosis nigricans maligna: regression of keratosis, hyperpigmentation and pruritus].

We report on a 60-year-old patient, who developed malignant acanthosis nigricans (MAN) with intense itching 2 years after a large-cell bronchial carcinoma had been diagnosed and found inoperable. The MAN became manifest at a phase of full clinical remission of the lung tumor, which had been treated with cytostasis (cisplatin, vindesine), high energy irradiation, and extirpation of the lymph node metastases. One year after onset of MAN, the lung tumor relapsed, accompanied by an elevated serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The patient was slightly obese, but not diabetic. The generalized MAN was treated with 18 exposures to systemic PUVA (photochemotherapy) over 9 weeks. The patient received 8-methoxypsoralene (8-MOP) orally and a total UVA dose of 52 J/cm2; the last exposure amounted to a maximum dose of 4 J/cm2. Under this treatment, the patient was completely relieved from tormenting pruritus; in addition, we observed significant regression of the pigmented keratoses as well as the intertriginous maceration.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1989

[Gingival hyperpigmentation caused by dental restorations: the mechanism of detoxification using selenium].

X-ray microanalysis and electron diffraction made on granular metallic deposits of the gingival lamina propria, inducing partial periodontal tattoos, demonstrated that these deposits consisted of crystalline particles combining silver, sulphur and selenium. The role of selenium precipitating of silver and other metals as well as its role in detoxication are discussed.

Chemical Precipitation↗
PubMed1988

Mechanisms for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation.

Many other mediators of inflammation or biochemical pathways must be involved in producing post-inflammatory hyper and hypopigmentation. Most of these mechanisms remain to be identified. We hope the ideas presented in this report stimulate some future investigation, the results of which will improve both our own understanding of the epidermis and the role of the melanocyte as an integral part of this important issue.

Animals↗