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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Health status and health care use by type of private health coverage.

There is considerable speculation on the causes of the frequently observed lower rates of hospital use by group practice--or HMO--members than by persons covered by other health care arrangements. It is often asserted that HMO enrollees are a self-selected healthier population, or that their use of hospitals is not fully recorded. A major study in California of the actual health and use of hospitals by a representative sample of persons under age 65 showed these assertions to be unfounded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Are we ready to use cost-effectiveness analysis in health care decision-making? A health services research challenge for clinicians, patients, health care systems, and public policy.

The dominance of managed care as an organizing principle for health care delivery suggests that cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) may be applied increasingly to decision-making at all levels. Health services researchers now need to address questions of how to further the underlying methods of CEA, how to make it a more practical tool for market-based as well as public policy decisions, and how to enhance CEA's ability to lead to responsible decisions that result in more effective and efficient care.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed2000

Health surveillance for health care workers. A vital role for the occupational and environmental health nurse.

Health surveillance for the general health care worker includes surveillance for immunity to infectious diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, and hepatitis B. Post exposure surveillance for bloodborne pathogens includes HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Periodic surveillance of specialty practice areas as mandated by OSHA include workers exposed to lasers, radiation, formaldehyde, ethylene oxide, hazardous drugs, anesthetic gases, and tuberculosis.

Environmental Health↗
PubMed2000

A critical analysis of Health and Human Services' proposed health privacy regulations in light of the Health Insurance Privacy and Accountability Act of 1996.

Dr. Eddy inquires, through a detailed analysis of relevant statutory provisions, whether it is likely that the HIPAA legislation or the Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information Regulations (SPIIHI) proposed by HHS will efficiently and cost effectively defend the privacy issues they were intended to safeguard. His paper critically analyzes the extremely broad and expensive course of action and tactics HHS has chosen to employ in this effort to determine whether HHS' proposal is an efficient use of health care dollars. To introduce his analysis, Dr. Eddy addresses the general concept of medical privacy and attempts to define what aspects of privacy that HIPAA and SPIIHI should protect. He challenges whether the proposed regulations are focused on existing problems and whether HHS has exceeded legislative mandates.

Civil Rights↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cooperation and collaboration between a public health unit and midsized private industry in health promotion programming: the Polymer Heart Health Program experience.

In 1990, Cobequid Health Unit was approached by Polymer International, a plastics manufacturer, and planning began for a worksite cardiovascular risk factor screening and follow-up program. In 1991, 302 Polymer employees (89.1%) participated in a screening. Follow-up included smoking cessation programs, fitness opportunities, dietary counselling, and physician referral for further investigation of blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Policy and environmental changes include heart healthy foods at the cafeteria, development of non-smoking policy, and coverage under the corporate group insurance plan for dietary counselling. This process demonstrates the potential for public health and private industry to collaborate in preventive efforts and the principles required for success.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Gender differences in the self-rated health-mortality association: is it poor self-rated health that predicts mortality or excellent self-rated health that predicts survival?

PURPOSE: This study investigates gender differences in the association between self-rated health (SRH) and mortality. This association has been well-documented, but findings regarding gender differences are inconsistent. The specific objectives were (a) to examine these differences in a short and a long time frame, (b) to examine these differences among old and old-old people, and (c) to address the question of whether this association is based on the accuracy of poor SRH as a predictor of future decline, and/or of better SRH as a predictor of longevity. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study is based on an Israeli nationally representative sample of 622 women and 730 men who were interviewed about their SRH, as well as sociodemographic information and other measures of health, physical functioning, cognitive status, and depression. RESULTS: For both genders, SRH was associated only with shorter term mortality (within the next 4 years) and not with longer-term mortality (9 years of follow-up). This association was strongest among the old (ages 75-84) women, compared with the old men and with the old-old (85-94) women and men. A possible explanation may be related to differences in the accuracy of excellent SRH at very old age. IMPLICATIONS: The SRH-mortality association may differ among age and gender groups. Identifying the conditions under which it is more accurate will enable researchers and practitioners to know when it can be utilized. It is important to assess differences in the accuracy of poor SRH as well as of excellent SRH as predictors of future health outcomes.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Obesity evaluation and treatment: Expert Committee recommendations. The Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services.

OBJECTIVES: The development of recommendations for physicians, nurse practitioners, and nutritionists to guide the evaluation and treatment of overweight children and adolescents. METHODS: The Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, the Department of Health and Human Services convened a committee of pediatric obesity experts to develop the recommendations. RESULTS: The Committee recommended that children with a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 85th percentile with complications of obesity or with a BMI greater than or equal to the 95th percentile, with or without complications, undergo evaluation and possible treatment. Clinicians should be aware of signs of the rare exogenous causes of obesity, including genetic syndromes, endocrinologic diseases, and psychologic disorders. They should screen for complications of obesity, including hypertension, dyslipidemias, orthopedic disorders, sleep disorders, gall bladder disease, and insulin resistance. Conditions that indicate consultation with a pediatric obesity specialist include pseudotumor cerebri, obesity-related sleep disorders, orthopedic problems, massive obesity, and obesity in children younger than 2 years of age. Recommendations for treatment evaluation included an assessment of patient and family readiness to engage in a weight-management program and a focused assessment of diet and physical activity habits. The primary goal of obesity therapy should be healthy eating and activity. The use of weight maintenance versus weight loss to achieve weight goals depends on each patient's age, baseline BMI percentile, and presence of medical complications. The Committee recommended treatment that begins early, involves the family, and institutes permanent changes in a stepwise manner. Parenting skills are the foundation for successful intervention that puts in place gradual, targeted increases in activity and targeted reductions in high-fat, high-calorie foods. Ongoing support for families after the initial weight-management program will help families maintain their new behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: These recommendations provide practical guidance to pediatric clinicians who evaluate and treat overweight children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Study on availability of dental health services for children in health center--correlation between attendance of 3-year-old children at dental health services and caries prevalence].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dental health services for children in a health center. The samples were 316 children who had 3-year-old dental examination at a health center in Tokyo. The analysis was carried out by a computer using the results of the children's oral status and of their mothers', questionnaires and past records showing when and how many times they had attended such activities. The results were as follows: 1. Attendance of children at dental services showed the effectiveness in preventing dental caries, and it was suggested that attendance at least 3 times before the age of 18 months should be the most effective way to decrease the dental caries in the 3-year-olds. 2. According to the questionnaires, time of going to bed, snacks time, and the habit of thumb-sucking at the age of 3 years, and stopping the habit of bottle-feeding and of night breast-feeding at 18 months of age showed a great correlation concerning the number of dental caries in the 3-year-olds. 3. The more often the children had attended the dental services, the more often their behavior for eating snacks and toothbrushing changed for the better. 4. The more the mothers had dental caries, the more was the number of dental caries in their children and moreover their attendance at the dental services was less.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Public Health Service--health maintenance organization loans and loan guarantees for acquisition and construction of ambulatory health care facilities. Interim regulations.

This notice sets forth the requirements for qualified health maintenance organizations (HMOs) to obtain loans or loan guarantees for the acquisition or construction of ambulatory health care facilities and the acquisition of equipment for those facilities. It also sets forth project requirements and procedures to be followed for repayment of the loan and in the event of a default. These rules implement Section 1305A of the Public Health Service Act, as amended.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1988

The Ontario Child Health Study: social adjustment and mental health of siblings of children with chronic health problems.

There has been controversy concerning the type and amount of psychosocial maladjustment among the siblings of children with chronic physical health problems and disabilities. Most previous studies have been conducted in clinical populations, often from tertiary care centers. This paper reports the risks of psychiatric disorders and social adjustment problems of the siblings of chronically ill children found in the Ontario Child Health Study (OCHS). The OCHS was a general population survey of 3,294 children, 4-16 years of age, living in 1,869 randomly selected families in the Province of Ontario, Canada. A 2-fold risk in emotional disorders, including depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, and a 1.6-fold increase in risk in poor peer relationships were found. However, risks for conduct disorder, somatization disorder (measured only in 12- to 16-year olds), attention deficit disorder-hyperactivity, and one or more psychiatric disorders were not elevated. Moreover, no increased risks of adjustment problems, including social isolation, low participation in leisure activities, low competence in usual childhood recreational activities or school problems, were observed. Clinicians treating chronically ill children should assess the mental health and adjustment of their siblings without an expectation bias that problems will be found.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Automated multiphasic health testing. Diagnostic and testing results obtained at the Health Evaluation Center. Public Health Service Hospital, Baltimore.

The results of automated multiphasic health testing (AMHT) were evaluated with special attention to diagnoses made by physicians and to false positive results, as well as to laboratory test results. The study population consisted of 1,157 patients at the Health Evaluation Center of the Public Health Service Hospital in Baltimore. Although 95 percent of the patients had at least one newly diagnosed disease or condition., the percentage dropped to 78 percent when dental abnormalities were excluded and to 70 percent when dental, vision, and hearing abnormalities were excluded. Abnormal laboratory test results were observed for 98 percent of the patients, and 36 percent had at least one false positive test result. The study results indicated that AMHT is a highly productive method for comprehensive medical testing with a variety of uses other than mass screening. The productive diagnostic yield combined witha high percentage of false positive results dictate the need for careful planning for followup care, strict attention to quality control, and excellent communication between the AMHT center and the practicing physician.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Interim rules for health insurance portability for group health plans and individual market health insurance reform: portability from group to individual coverage; and federal rules for access in the individual market; state alternative mechanisms to federal rules--HCFA. Interim rule; correction.

Federal Register documents 97-8217 and 97-8275 in this issue include provisions that implement the health insurance portability, availability, and renewability provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. Those documents contain a technical error in amendments because of differing effective dates. The rule with the earlier effective date establishes a new part in a subchapter established by the rule with the latter date. This document corrects the error.

Career Mobility↗
PubMed1980

Public Health Service--Information regarding requirements for health maintenance organizations. Notice, information regarding requirements for qualified health maintenance organizations.

This notice contains information relating to the requirements for federally qualified health maintenance organizations (HMOs) as set out in Title XIII of the Public Health Service Act (the Act), as amended, and its implementing regulations at 42 CFR Part 110. This information, which includes a number of interpretive rulings, is being published in response to significant questions that have been raised regarding those requirements.

Health Maintenance Organizations↗
PubMed1982

Health maintenance organizations; MetroCare Inc.; revocation of federal qualification--Public Health Service. Notice, continued regulation of health maintenance organizations: determination of noncompliance and revocation of federal qualification.

On September 19, 1980, the Office of Health Maintenance Organizations (OHMO) determined that MetroCare, Inc., (MetroCare), 1701 West Euless Boulevard, Euless, Texas 76039, a federally qualified health maintenance organization (HMO), was not in compliance with the assurances it has provided to the Secretary that it would (1) maintain a fiscally sound operation and (2) maintain satisfactory administrative and managerial arrangements. On April 26, 1982, the Director of OHMO notified MetroCare that he was revoking MetroCare's Federal qualification and this revocation would become effective the fifth working day after receipt of this letter. Accordingly, MetroCare is no longer a federally qualified HMO.

Health Maintenance Organizations↗
PubMed1980

Health Care Financing Administration--imposition of sanctions on health care practitioners and providers of health care services; program integrity. Final regulation.

These regulations establish procedures under which the Department may invoke sanctions against a practitioner or provider who furnishes or orders items or services which: (1) are not medically necessary; (2) do not meet professionally recognized standards; or (3) are not properly documented as to the medical necessity or quality of the services. The regulations also explain the role of the Medicaid State agency and establish the rights and responsibilities of the practitioner or provider, the Professional Standards Review Organization (PSRO), the Statewide Professional Standards Review Council, and the Health Care Financing Administration in this process. The regulations implement Section 1160 of the Social Security Act and apply to health care services for which payment may be made under that Act. The purpose of the sanction process is to discipline providers and practitioners where other corrective or educational effort have failed and to protect the public.

Fraud↗
PubMed2001

State child health; implementing regulations for the State Children's Health Insurance Program. Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA), HHS. Final rule.

Section 4901 of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA) amended the Social Security Act (the Act) by adding a new title XXI, the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). Title XXI provides funds to States to enable them to initiate and expand the provision of child health assistance to uninsured, low-income children in an effective and efficient manner. To be eligible for funds under this program, States must submit a State plan, which must be approved by the Secretary. This final rule implements provisions related to SCHIP including State plan requirements and plan administration, coverage and benefits, eligibility and enrollment, enrollee financial responsibility, strategic planning, substitution of coverage, program integrity, certain allowable waivers, and applicant and enrollee protections. This final rule also implements the provisions of sections 4911 and 4912 of the BBA, which amended title XIX of the Act to expand State options for coverage of children under the Medicaid program. In addition, this final rule makes technical corrections to subparts B, and F of part 457.

Child↗