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[Parasitic helminths infection in Coho salmón, Oncorhynchus kisutch, during their return to Simpson river, Chile].

Between may and july 1994, 17 adult returning salmons, Oncorhynchus kisutch, were collected in the River Simpson, Chile. All fishes showed infection by plerocercoids of Diphyllobothrium sp. in different locations: stomach, spleen, liver, mesenteries and gonads. Infection with larval cestodes of an unidentified species of Phillobothriidae was determined in the intestine of seven (41.2%) salmons and its prevalences of infection showed significant differences between female and male salmons. The 94.4% of total plerocercoids of Diphyllobothrium were isolated from the stomach wall. Prevalence and mean intensity of infection by Diphyllobothrium sp. did not show significant differences between fishes of different sex.

Animals↗

Lymphoid cell responses in parasitic helminth infections.

The cellular responses during experimental ascariasis provide a mechanism whereby effector systems are mobilized rapidly and locally, resulting in the prompt response which is evident on reinfection. It is proposed that the products of activated "T" lymphocytes facilitate local accumulation of lymphoid cells which, later, as specific antibody-producing cells provide the mediators (e.g. opsonizing antibody) responsible for mechanisms which destroy the parasite. While the mechanisms causing death of the parasite are still unknown, our present studies will provide an explanation of events that prepare for this event.

Animals↗

[Treatment of soil-transmitted helminth infections by anthelmintics in current use].

The efficacy of broad-spectrum anthelmintics in current use was studied in Hengshan County, Hunan Province. The vermicides under study include albendazole (400mg, single dose), mebendazole composite (mebendazole 100 mg and levamisole 25mg bid x 3d), oxantel pyrantel pamoate composite (pyrantel pamoate 150 mg and oxantel pamoate 150 mg bid x 2d), and pyrantel pamoate composite (base 10 mg/kg, single dose). Therapeutic effect assessed 2 weeks after medication revealed Ascaris egg negative rates or cure rates (CR) of 97.5-100% for the former 3 regimens, and 80.9% for the latter one; while CR for hookworm infection were 95.4%, 78.6-100%, 96.7% and 83.3%, respectively. A follow-up survey pursued 4 weeks post treatment showed no significant difference in CR for the above regimens. Judging from CR in Trichuris trichiura infection, pyrantel pamoate composite was recommended as the drug of choice (89.3%), which was followed by mebendazole composite (64.6-83.8%) and albendazole (28.2-42.6%), whereas pyrantel pamoate was inefficacious. Obvious egg reduction rates were evidenced post application of the above drugs in trichuriasis treatment except pyrantel pamoate at single dose.

Albendazole↗