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OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to implement an interactive neuroradiologic teaching file that can be accessed on the Internet and easily expanded to include radiologic, clinical, and pathologic correlation. CONCLUSION: Our growing interactive neuroradiologic teaching file is available on the Internet. It provides an easily accessed database of interesting cases to aid in the study or analysis of difficult cases.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to develop a Web service that would easily allow radiologists to create their own online teaching file cases from any Web browser. CONCLUSION: We created MyPACS, a hosted teaching file authoring tool that allows easy uploading of images and descriptive information from any computer with Web access. Radiologists may designate their cases to be public or private (viewable only by the case author), and cases may be retrieved on searching for multiple parameters.
There are now a number of machines for determining DNA sequences. These devices are currently of two types: those such as the Applied Biosystems 373A and the Pharmacia A.L.F. which interpret the sequences of samples as they run on gels within the machine, and those, such as the Bio-Rad and Amersham readers that scan and analyse conventional autoradiographs. Both types of machine can produce their data in the form of traces which represent the band intensity of each of the four base types at each position in the sequence. At present all the machines write files in different formats. We describe a machine independent format for storing data derived from automatic sequencing machines. Files in this format can store the derived sequence, the traces and a set of confidence measures for each base. We have adopted the format as the standard for our sequence handling software.
AutoDoubler, Compact Pro, DiskDoubler, StuffIt Deluxe, and StuffIt SpaceSaver compression applications for the Macintosh were tested for size of compressed files, and time to compress and expand. EPS, TIFF, PICT and Photoshop native format file types were used, in 1-bit, 8-bit greyscale, 8-bit colour (indexed), 24-bit colour (red, blue, green (RGB)), and 32-bit colour (cyan, magenta, yellow, black (CMYK)) modes. JPEG compression is illustrated by comparing an uncompressed image with three images compressed at different rates.
Coherent visual experience of dynamic scenes requires not only that the visual system segment scenes into component objects but that these object representations persist, so that an object can be identified as the same object from an earlier time. Object files (OFs) are visual representations thought to mediate such abilities: OFs lie between lower level sensory processing and higher level recognition, and they track salient objects over time and motion. OFs have traditionally been studied via object-specific preview benefits (OSPBs), in which discriminations of an object's features are speeded when an earlier preview of those features occurred on the same object, as opposed to on a different object, beyond general displaywide priming. Despite its popularity, many fundamental aspects of the OF framework remain unexplored. For example, although OFs are thought to be involved primarily in online visual processing, we do not know how long such representations persist; previous studies found OSPBs for up to 1500 msec but did not test for longer durations. We explored this issue using a modified object reviewing paradigm and found that robust OSPBs persist for more than five times longer than has previously been tested-for at least 8 sec, and possibly for much longer. Object files may be the "glue" that makes visual experience coherent not just in online moment-by-moment processing, but on the scale of seconds that characterizes our everyday perceptual experiences. These findings also bear on research in infant cognition, where OFs are thought to explain infants' abilities to track and enumerate small sets of objects over longer durations.
Until recently, sample design information needed to correctly estimate standard errors from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) public use files was not released for confidentiality reasons. In 2002, masked sample design variables were released for the first time with the 1995-2000 NAMCS and NHAMCS public use files. This paper shows how to use masked design variables to compute standard errors in three software applications. It also discusses when masking overstates or understates "in-house" standard errors, and how masking affects the significance levels of point estimates and logistic regression parameters.
Children's knowledge of asthma triggers and the impact on children's knowledge of using 'The Asthma Files', an interactive, educational computer program, were evaluated in this pilot study. Thirty-one children aged between seven and 14 years and diagnosed with asthma were recruited to the study. Ten boys participated in evaluating the triggers section and a questionnaire was used to determine their feelings about the program and retention of information. Children enjoyed using the package and knowledge about asthma triggers increased significantly. 'The Asthma Files' shows promise as an additional tool to augment existing education.
PROJECT: Decrease the backlog of "late" medical reports--ie, those sent to the Medical Record Department after the patient has been discharged and the patient's medical record has been received in the Department. Principals: Three teams: one composed of supervisor and staff of the records processing area; one of staff members from the Reception area; and one of staff members from the Laboratory, Radiology, and Special Diagnostics departments. Process Improvement Method: 10-step model based on Deming's key principles. Timeline: Begun: December 1991. RESULTS reported here: June 1992-September 1992. KEY FINDINGS: The systems for routing inpatient medical reports were faulty, so staff from the nursing units and ancillary services often sent reports to the Medical Record Department when the patient was still in the hospital. The process for locating and retrieving a chart for late report filing was too lengthy and complex. RESULTS: The backlog of unfiled reports has been reduced from 35 inches to less than one-half inch (an unusual, but customer-oriented measure). The time needed to file one inch of reports has decreased from 2 hours to 1.25 hours.
This final rule extends the time frame providers have to file cost reports from no later than 3 months after the close of the period covered by the report to no later than 5 months after the close of that period. This change is necessary to ensure that providers have an adequate amount of time to file complete and accurate cost reports. We are also defining what HCFA considers to be an "acceptable" cost report submission.
Allegheny Health, Education and Research Foundation, one of the nation's brashest not-for-profit health systems, last week filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. The last-ditch move will allow Pittsburgh-based AHERF, which is $1.3 billion in debt, to restructure money-losing operations and pave the way for the sale of its nine Philadelphia-area hospitals. But the repercussions of the filing will be felt well beyond the state of Pennsylvania.
Rapid Calculation of the nutrient content of foods and diets requires a current, easily accessible data base. The Canadian Nutrient File is a computerized information bank containing average values for nutrients in foods available in Canada. For easy accessibility, it contains subfiles for food names, nutrient names, and nutrient amounts. Users of the data should appreciate the limitations of this multi-use file.
Traditionally, a bankruptcy filing has been equated with failure: the inability of an organization and its management to 'make a go of it.' But the stigma of filing a Chapter 11 has gradually been fading since the bankruptcy code was revised. Today, a Chapter 11 can provide hospitals and other organizations with an opportunity to reorganize their operations and make a fresh and successful new beginning.
To carry out epidemiological studies at a regional level, one may need to link information collected by medical doctors working either in hospitals or in private offices or laboratories. The first problem is to respect the European legislation on nominal data processing, which does not allow the linkage of nominal files. As a consequence, we have developed an anonymous record linkage procedure, which ensures an irreversible transformation of identity and allows the linkage of rendered anonymous files. The second problem is to ensure data security during the transmission and we discuss the advantages of different methods of communication such as the norms X400 and Internet protocols.
This article reviews the use of nickel-titanium rotary files for root canal instrumentation in primary teeth. The pulpectomy technique is described and the advantages and disadvantages of using rotary files are discussed. Specific recommendations for the selection of materials and devices are made.
This article reviews the use of nickel-titanium rotary files for root canal instrumentation in primary teeth. The pulpectomy technique is described and the advantages and disadvantages of using rotary files are discussed. Specific recommendations for the selection of materials and devices are made.
Within public mental health services in Australia, community mental health nurses are often the first point of contact for people presenting with mental health problems. Community mental health nurses are responsible for determining appropriate triage and assessing need for treatment. Community mental health staff identified a need to improve skills in assessment and documentation of psychiatric symptoms. This collaborative study sought to develop an educational package, based on Present State Examination-9, for initial assessment, and a reliable file audit tool to evaluate the effectiveness of the education. Twenty initial mental health assessments completed by twenty different community mental health nurses were audited approximately one month prior to, and two months after, attendance at the education programme. The audit indicated that the documentation of assessments improved in all aspects, although the most significant differences were achieved in recording history, mental state and treatment plan. These items were the main items emphasised in the education programme. It is suggested that the Present State Examination-9 provides a useful base for teaching clinicians how to incorporate the documentation of comprehensive and precise information into assessment formats and treatment planning and that the file audit tool, when linked with an assessment format provides a useful way of evaluating self and peer assessment documentation.
Besides the well known signs of the ulnar palsy, there is a new sign, unknown till now: the "failing ulnar hook". It could be named the "nail file sign", because it was discovered from a woman who could not file the nail of her little finger. Practically, the patient is asked, in a first time, to roll his little and ring fingers around the index of the same hand of the examinator. As the patient is resisting, the other index of the examinator tries to extend these two fingers. If they cannot resist, there is an ulnar palsy at an upper level. The explanation is that the flexor profundus of the ring and the little fingers are commanded by the ulnar nerf, whereas those of the index and the middle finger are by the median nerve. So, when this sign is present, the block is located from the elbow to the brachial plexus. When it is absent, whereas other signs of ulnar palsy are present, it evoques a lower palsy. This sign is of great interest because it confirms the diagnosis of ulnar palsy and allows the localization of the block. It is very useful to search it in every neurologic examination of the hand. In a carpal tunnel syndrome, it allows to eliminate or not an ulnar participation without using of electrical tests.
Straightening of curved canals is one of the most common procedural errors in endodontic instrumentation. It can lead to ledging, perforation, and stripping of the canal. The problem is commonly encountered when root canal preparation is performed in curved molars. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of root canal preparation by undergraduate dental students using traditional stainless-steel 0.02 taper K files to results obtained using rotary nickel-titanium 0.04 taper files. One hundred ninety six extracted teeth comprising maxillary and mandibular first molars were used. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs of each tooth were taken. Graduate endodontic residents evaluated the radiographs according to the evaluation criteria used by the endodontic department. The presence of errors--such as stripping, perforation, ledging, transportation, zipping, and instrument breakage--was recorded by examining the radiographs.