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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Investigations on the distribution, cause and prevention of early perinatal morbidity (author's transl)].

These investigations were designed to detect causes of early perinatal morbidity in order to develop methods to decrease the perinatal morbidity in our unit. From October 1972 to December 1974 the most important antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum data on 2210 deliveries were coded. In 98% of the cases continuous fetal monitoring was performed. To detect early perinatal morbidity the acid base balance of all deliveries was measured from the umbilical vessels and the Apgar rating was determined at 1,5 and 10 minutes. The data show that a further decrease of the incidence of acidosis and low apgar scores is only possible in a limited way. Of the 13% deliveries with pH values of/or less than 7.15 or Apgar scores of/or less than 6 at 1 minute, only 5% appeared to be avoidable in this retrospective study. The incidence of severe acidosis decreased from 2.3% in 1972 to 1.3% in 1974. A comparison of the years 1973 and 1974 showed an improvement. Apgar scores of 6 or less at one minute decreased from 16 to 10% and severe acidosis with pH values of less than 7.10 decreased from 2.7% to 1.8%. In vaginal operative deliveries, the incidence of severe acidosis was reduced from 8.5% to 1.1%.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1984

[History and sidelights on the forceps].

The author starts by showing that the first forceps were originally designed to handle hot metal in founderies and that the word derived from "formus" (hot) and "capere" (to take). The author, Professor Dumont, tries to trace the history of the development of modern forceps, discussing whether the Arabs or such well known authors of classical works as Roesslin, Raynald, Rueff and Rousset knew of the instrument or whether they just described instruments of destruction. Crainz in 1941 had written an article to discuss whether the early Romans had forceps and came to no firm conclusion. Speert in 1957 said that a live baby had been born earlier than the 17th Century, possibly as early as the 2nd or 3rd century of the Roman empire, i.e. over 300 years before Jesus-Christ, by forceps. The description is given of a bas-relief depicting forceps delivery but no one knows whether the bas-relief is genuine or not. The discovery of the Chamberlen forceps in 1813 at Woodham Mortimer Hall in Essex, England, and the lengthy description of how the Chamberlens kept the secret of the invention of the forceps over several generations is very well described. Then follows the story of Jean Palfyn's "mains de fer" which led later to Levret and his long curved forceps. Returning to England, the authors describes how William Smellie covered his forceps with leather so that the patients should not feel the cold metal or hear the clink of the handles. The author then quotes Dr Slop, who appears in Laurence Sterne's "Tristram Shandy" and who knew the Smellie's forceps. Sacombe was an arch enemy of instrumental delivery. The role of the Dane Saxtorph, and how Antoine Dubois delivered Napoleon's son, the future King of Rome, by forceps, is reviewed. Madame La Chapelle and her work as well as that of Scanzoni, and finally of Simpson who first used anaesthesia after inventing a forceps, continues the history. Great names such as Pajot, Tarnier with his axis-traction forceps and finally Barton, Piper and Kielland with their inventions are all described in this beautiful history of forceps.

Extraction, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1980

Operative intervention in normal labor and delivery.

Since the intent of this chapter is to discuss the operative intervention in a normal labor and delivery, there has been no discussion of such operative obstetrical procedures as midforceps delivery, breech presentation and delivery, management of multiple pregnancy, or cesarean section. The person who performs normal obstetrics, but without special training for complicated obstetrics, must be able to diagnose a breech presentation or a multiple pregnancy and to know when a midforceps delivery or a cesarean section is indicated, and obtain appropriate consultation.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed1976

[Connexions between instrumental delivery and cerebral damage in the infant (author's transl)].

An interdepartmental investigation was carried out on the incidence of brain injury, especially so-called minimal brain injury, after instrumental delivery of infants by means of forceps or vacuum extractor. There is no statistically-significant difference in the incidence of brain injury in infants delivered by means of forceps as compared with the vacuum extractor; there is, however, a significant increase in incidence of brain injury in infants following instrument-aided delivery as opposed to spontaneous delivery. A thorough explanation of the methods is given and the results are discussed.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1987

Vacuum extraction and forceps delivery in a district hospital.

We compared 302 vacuum extractions and 205 forceps deliveries at Fairfield District Hospital, Sydney, over a period of 30 months. Age, parity, gestational age, length of labour and birth-weight were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Significantly less analgesia was required for mothers whose babies were delivered by vacuum extraction compared with mothers with forceps deliveries (p less than 0.01). Average blood loss was slightly higher during forceps delivery as compared with vacuum extraction and there was a significantly higher incidence of postpartum haemorrhage after forceps delivery (p less than 0.05). More babies were jaundiced after vacuum extraction and more required phototherapy, but the differences were slight and were not statistically significant. We conclude that vacuum extraction is a useful and safe alternative to forceps delivery in a district hospital setting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Early office termination of pregnancy by soft cannula vacuum aspiration.

This report documents the results of an ongoing study of the first 454 consecutive outpatient abortions by menstrual extraction technique performed by the author over a span of 8 years. All patients had positive preevacuation pregnancy tests and the procedure was employed up to 9+ weeks from the first day of the last menstrual period. All procedures were carried out in an outpatient setting under local anesthesia. Pathologic evaluation revealed decidua and villi in all but 10 cases. Major complications were encountered in 2.6% of cases and in only two was laparotomy necessitated--one for a ruptured corpus luteum cyst and the other for an unruptured ectopic cornual pregnancy. The current application for the procedure is suggested by its technical simplicity and relative safety in population presenting for early termination of pregnancy.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1989

Cervagem/Dilapan for preoperative cervical dilatation prior to vacuum aspiration for termination of first trimester pregnancy. A prospective randomized study.

The present study included 40 healthy nulliparous women admitted to the hospital for termination of first trimester pregnancy. The patients were randomly allocated to two study groups. One group was treated for 4 hours with one 1 mg Cervagem vaginal suppository prior to vacuum aspiration, the other was treated 4 hours with a Dilapan osmotic dilator intracervically. The patients were continuously supervised during treatment and after operation. Side effects and analgesic consumption were recorded. At operation the degree of cervical dilatation, blood loss and operative complications was registered. Dilapan was more effective and more uniform in dilating the cervix (p less than 0.05) and eventual further dilatation was easier (p less than 0.05). The blood loss was higher in the Dilapan-treated group (p less than 0.05). Side effects of postoperative pain and use of analgesic injections were higher in the Cervagem group (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that both methods are effective in dilating the cervix prior to vacuum aspiration, with Dilapan being the more effective dilator with the lower frequency of side effects.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

The importance of flexion in vacuum extractor delivery.

Two modifications of Malmstrom's cup were used in a study of the position of the cup in 500 vacuum extractor deliveries. The incidence of completely flexing applications varied from 0 to 92 per cent according to the level of the head and the position of the occiput when the cup was applied and, in occipito-posterior positions, the type of cup that was used. With mid-cavity occipito-posterior positions it was 30 per cent with one modification (suction tube attached eccentrically to the dome of the cup--the "modified" cup) and 92 per cent with the other (tube attached to the lateral wall of the cup--the "occipito-posterior cup" or "OP cup"). The high incidence of face-to-pubis or occipitio-lateral delivery when cups with a dome-attached suction tube were used in mid-cavity occipito-posterior positions was found to be largely the result of deflexing applications. It was concluded that cups of this type are unsuitable for use in these cases. A study of two large series of vacuum extractor operations suggested that failed vacuum extractor rates can be reduced by using cups that are manoeuvreable and which accept stronger oblique traction than Malmstrom's cup.

Extraction, Obstetrical↗