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A simple method is given for the specific proof of protective immunogenicity of bacterial antigens. Antibody-antigen-complexes isolated by immunoelectrophoresis are applied for immunization of mice. The subsequent challenge with live virulent bacteria gives information about the protective immunity of the mice. When using that technique, special isolation and purification of the antigens is not necessary.
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L-forms of Erysipelotrix rhusiopathiae labelled with 3H-thymidine were intravenously administered to albino mice. Autoradiographic studies of the liver, kidney and spleen were undertaken at periods ranging from 2 minutes to 15 days. On the second minute following the administration of the radioactive material whole labelled microorganisms and chains of silver grains were recovered in the examined organs. Up to the 15th minute labels were observed also in the cells of the RES. Following the 30th minute the silver grains were positioned at a characteristic site in the Golgi region of the hepatocytes. At the same time in the kidney they were localized in the glomerular space and in the lumen of the renal tubules, whereas in the spleen - mainly around the megakaryocytes. By the 15th day labelling gradually diminished, single silver grains being found over some nuclei of megakaryocytes, liver and kidney parenchymal cells. The present study throws light over some aspects of the interrelationship between the micro- and macroorganism concerning the mechanisms of desintegration, elimination and the uptaking of labelled microbial DNA.
Bacterial endocarditis was diagnosed in a 4-year-old male German shorthaired Pointer with a 4-month history of shifting lameness and intermittent fever. The dog died in spite of treatment for progressive depression and dehydration. Blood cultures were positive for Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae strain 7, which is known to be pathogenic for dogs. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy.20
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The properties of dried bovine and porcine serum albumin as shield media in lyophilisation of live vaccine against swine erysipelas were tested. A great number of tests supported the conclusion that dried bovine and porcine serum albumin were appropriate shield media which could be used with good success in lyophilisation of bacterial and virus vaccines.
The number of pigs for slaughter which carried erysipelas bacteria has gone down continuously in Hungary. The incidence of erysipelas declined in parallel. That improving trend has been attributed to better conditions of large-stock keeping and to the exclusive use of inactivated vaccine. Careful consideration should be given to epizootiological aspects as well as to the environment, whenever live vaccines are to be used. Veterinarians bear growing responsibility in that particular context.
S-forms of E. rhusiopathiae were cultivated in a 3H-thimidine-containing medium. A suspension washed three times in succession was intravenously injected into albino mice. At certain intervals liver, spleen and kidney were examinated by routine autoradiogrphy. Intact labelled bacteria were found as early as 5 min after administration in the blood capillaries, around cells of the RES and in some nuclei of hepatocytes. Later they are detected in the cytoplasm of micro- and macrophages, around megacaryocytes and in some of their nuclei. After 6 h the labelled population sharply decreases due to a very active reproduction and mortality of the initial population. The localisation of bacteria in liver nuclei and the spreading of S-forms of E. rhusiopathiae in comparison with the avirulent L-forms therefrom are discussed.
Serologic, biochemical, and pathogenic characteristics of 11 porcine isolants of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae that could not be placed in any of 16 established serotypes, were examined. On the basis of double-diffusion percipitin reactions, isolants were divided into 4 serologic variants, given serotype designations 17, 18, 19, and 20. Biochemical activity of the isolants was typical of E rhusiopathiae. One or more isolants of each serologic variant were pathogenic for both mice and swine.
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