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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Clinical and laboratory aspects of malaria among children with fever in a low transmission area of Sudan.

A cross-sectional study explored the clinical and laboratory aspects of malaria among children presenting with fever to 2 paediatric hospitals in Khartoum state during the low transmission season. Out of 655 febrile patients, 35.9% were recorded as having malaria based on hospital laboratory results. However, re-examination of slides at the National Malaria Control Programme referral laboratory confirmed malaria in only 32.8% of those diagnosed with malaria at hospital level. Analysis of symptoms and signs revealed great variability in clinical presentation. Although some findings were associated with malaria, developing a sensitive clinical algorithm was difficult. Further investment is needed to improve microscopic diagnosis facilities in local hospitals to overcome the problem of over-diagnosis of malaria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Audiometric pattern in a group of workers with one ear conductive deafness exposed to continuous noise.

BACKGROUND: It is common to find workers in developing countries having residual ear problems from childhood affections. When exposed to continuous noise in industry, they might exhibit different patterns of audiometric findings. The aim of this study was to examine the good ear in a group of workers exposed to continuous noise in textile industry with a perforated drum in the other ear from childhood otitis media. METHODS: a 1:2 case control design involving a group of 36 cases and 2 matched groups, same age and duration of exposure was performed. A relevant questionnaire was used and each worker was subjected to an audiometric test. RESULTS: significantly worse hearing threshold levels at the 250 Hz and the 4 kHz frequencies were obtained for the good ears of cases compared to controls. Subjective complaints were also commoner. A different pattern of hearing loss was found adding to the auditory risk of the involved workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The painful ear.

The painful ear is caused commonly by otitis media, otitis externa and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Difficulty in visualising the tympanic membrane due to debris in the ear canal can make diagnosis difficult, especially when otitis externa and otitis media co-exist. Another problem is determining the origin of referred pain. Due to the complex innervation of the ear, referred pain can arise from most sites in the head and neck, especially the upper cervical spine, the teeth and the throat.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1991

[Functional craniomandibular disorders and ENT-symptoms].

Complaints in the otolaryngologic region, that cannot be referred to an otolaryngological pathologic process, are often caused by or combined with craniomandibular dysfunctions. As a rule these complaints are not the result of direct mechanical irritation of the articular tissues, but the effect of neuromuscular incoordination and spasms. Consequently the term "Costen's syndrome" is obsolete and should be used no more. In many cases the interaction of otolaryngological symptoms and craniomandibular disorders can only be proved ex iuvantibus. Occlusal equilibration combined with physical and physiotherapeutic treatment are approved methods to normalize neuromuscular function and eliminate muscle tension and pain.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The TMJ and the middle ear: structural and functional correlates for aural symptoms associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

Several anatomic relationships existing between the ear and the temporomandibular joint have been proposed to account for the presence of aural symptoms that occur in some patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. There are a plethora of functional hypotheses for aural symptoms relating to disturbed functions of the eustachian tube (as well as neuromuscular relationships and neurovascular functions integrating with these hypotheses). Investigators explain the presence of aural symptoms relative to the anatomic relationship of the middle ear to the TMJ as hypothetically due in part to the "tiny ligament," the sphenomandibular ligament, or the diskomalleolar ligament. This article reviews hypotheses, explanations, and current research on this controversial issue.

Ear Diseases↗
PubMed1990

Audiometric assessment of patients with painful TMJ internal derangements: failure of audiometry to change following arthrotomy.

Thirteen patients with proven internal derangements of 16 temporomandibular joints were scheduled for arthrotomy. The patients' perception of otologic symptoms were recorded before surgery, and hearing was evaluated audiometrically both before and after surgery. There was no significant correlation between otologic symptoms and ipsilateral painful internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint. Perceived hearing loss was substantiated in only about half of the instances. Further, only about half of the ears with measured hearing loss (sensorineural) were associated with a painful internal derangement. Arthrotomy did not change any of the audiograms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Referred otalgia.

Otalgia is the sensation of pain in the ear, while referred otalgia is pain felt in the ear but originating from a nonotologic source. The rich sensory innervation of the ear derives from four cranial nerves and two cervical nerves which also supply other areas in the head, neck, thorax, and abdomen. Pain referred to the ear may originate in areas far removed from the ear itself. Neoplastic, infectious, inflammatory, musculoskeletal, and vascular disorders must all be considered when evaluating the patient with otalgia and a normal ear examination. Otalgia is frequently the presenting complaint in patients with carcinoma of the oropharynx or hypopharynx. This article reviews the anatomic basis for referred otalgia and overviews the common etiologies responsible for this symptom.

Ear↗
PubMed1989

Vestibular neuronitis. Pathogenesis in the view of virological study of CSF.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 15 patients with vestibular neuronitis were virologically examined and analyzed, and compared to those from 16 patients with Hunt's syndrome. The results were as follows: The CSF protein in vestibular neuronitis showed an increase, beginning about two weeks after the onset of vertigo, while the cell count remained normal. The CSF protein in Hunt's syndrome rose, but its progress was different from that in vestibular neuronitis. In both diseases, the increase in CSF protein seemed to be due to protein originating in the blood; the increase was probably caused by a disorder of the blood-CSF barrier. There was no direct evidence of an increase in IgG nor viral antibody titers in the CSF in vestibular neuronitis. In cases of Hunt's syndrome with CSF pleocytosis, intrathecal IgG synthesis was detected. It might be possible that HSV or EBV infection can be confirmed serologically in some cases of vestibular neuronitis and that, in those cases, pathogenesis of vestibular neuronitis is similar to that of Hunt's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Referred otalgia.

The diagnosis and management of otalgia may be a very simple task or a very complex and frustrating experience for both physician and patient. A thorough understanding of the anatomy of the head and neck is required. A basic knowledge of neuroanatomy, with emphasis on the cranial nerves, their course, distribution, and function, is also necessary. The complexity of this field may sometimes require the treating physician to call for consultations from colleagues in the fields of oral surgery, neurology, or neurosurgery. It is often through the collaboration of different specialists that patients are provided with the appropriate medical care they deserve. This has never been more true than in the area of the head and neck.

Ear↗
PubMed1989

[Obscure otalgias].

The author draws attention to the possible development of otalgia beyond the organ of hearing. He mentions the development of otalgia in vertebrogenic and dental diseases and the possibility of the development of otalgia as a result of diseases localized beyond the organ of hearing, innervated by the trigeminal nerve, vagus or glossopharyngeal nerve.

Adult↗