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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Osseointegrated dental implants with ball attachments supporting overdentures in patients with mandibular alveolar ridge atrophy.

Brånemark dental implants with ball attachments supporting overdentures were used as alternative treatment to combined lingual-vestibuloplasty with free split-thickness skin graft and removable dentures in 25 consecutive patients with mandibular alveolar ridge atrophy. Ninety-three fixtures were placed. Ball attachments were mounted on the fixtures, and implant-supported overdentures were inserted 3 to 4 months after fixture placement. The observation period after implant activation and prosthesis insertion varied from 12 to 27 months with a median observation period of 18 months. The overall success rate of individual implants was 97% (90/93). The prosthesis function rate was 100% (25/25). The 1-year success rate of individual implants was 98% (91/93) with a prosthesis function rate of 100% (25/25). No persistent surgical or prosthodontic complications were observed. Preliminary results indicate that osseointegrated Brånemark dental implants with ball attachments supporting overdentures can be a successful alternative to combined lingual-vestibuloplasty with free split-thickness skin graft and removal dentures in patients with denture problems related to mandibular alveolar ridge atrophy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immediate loading of 190 endosseous dental implants: a prospective observational study of 40 patient treatments with up to 2-year data.

PURPOSE: The present study was undertaken to determine the feasibility of using primary stability as a predictor of implant success in patients whose implants were immediately loaded. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 40 patients, in whom a total of 190 implants were placed, 102 in maxillary sites and 88 in mandibular sites. All were loaded within 72 hours of placement. Sixteen patients were completely edentulous in the mandible and/or the maxilla. The remaining 24, who were partially edentulous, received fixed partial dentures or single-implant restorations. All of the definitive implant restorations were screw retained. The criterion for loading was clinical judgment of primary stability, verified by a "screw test." Impressions were made after implant placement to facilitate the fabrication of a laboratory-made heat-processed provisional restoration from acrylic resin. Following a 4-month period for osseointegration and soft tissue healing, definitive fixed prostheses were fabricated. RESULTS: There were no surgical complications. After 1 to 2 years, all 190 implants had survived and were considered 100% successful, as determined by independent testing of mobility and radiographic evidence of osseointegration. In 4 patients, fracture of the provisional restoration occurred during the healing period. DISCUSSION: Clinical research has shown that immediate loading is a viable treatment modality. The favorable success rate reported in this study for rough-surfaced implants suggests that adherence to a protocol, an important parameter of which is primary stability above 32 Ncm, can lead to osseointegration. CONCLUSION: The results of this limited investigation suggest that patients who are partially or completely edentulous may be immediately restored with implants and fixed provisional restorations, provided that the dental implants are adequately stable immediately after their surgical placement. This alternative therapeutic approach did not appear to affect the up-to-2-year survival of the implants in this patient population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Double-barrel fibular free flap for mandibular reconstruction: beneficial alternative for dental implanted rehabilitation (5 cases)].

INTRODUCTION: As major loss of mandibular bone stock requires a vascularized transfer, fibula free flap reconstruction is considered to be the best free flap for its length and reliability. Its main advantage is to accept dental implants. Single or double-barrel reconstruction can be performed. Double-barrel reconstruction is generally preferred because the bone superposition offers enough height to allow dental implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed five selected cases of double-barrel fibula free flap adaptive mandibular reconstruction performed among a series of 11 oral rehabilitations with planned dental implants, focusing on the technical aspects. RESULTS: Today, dental rehabilitation has been achieved in three double-barrel fibula flaps. Details are reported concerning the implant step. DISCUSSION: In this perspective, we discuss the choice of the reconstructive technique in order to obtain adequate bone height. Early in our experience and for different reasons discussed in the text, we used a single barrel fibula flap. This technique provided sufficient height in some cases, but had to be completed by bone grafts in few patients. Our experience illustrates the usefulness of the double barrel technique which provide definitive bone height sufficient for dental implants. The double-barreled technique should be considered as the best solution.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Success of dental implants in elderly people--a literature review.

Implant-supported dentures seem particularly appropriate for the predicament of being elderly and becoming edentulous. The aim of this article was to review the literature on success of dental implants in elderly people. The results of two studies suggested that the treatment with implants can be considered safe and predictable for older as well as for younger patients. Three studies found no increased implant failure-rate in patients with a compromised medical status. Four studies revealed high success-rates of dental implants among groups of elderly people. Within the limitations of this review of the literature it can be concluded that old age does not seem to represent a factor of major prognostic significance in treatment with dental implants.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of a hydroxyapatite-reinforced polyethylene stress distributor in a dental implant on compressive stress levels in surrounding bone.

This study investigated various designs of stress breakers incorporated into the dental implant using 3-D finite element analysis. These designs employed hydroxyapatite-reinforced polyethylene (HRP), a material capable of inducing osseointegration. The most successful design was that of a dental implant with a peripheral HRP component that was in direct contact with the bone surrounding the neck of the implant. This design lowered the compressive stress values in bone around the neck of the implant. Attempts were also made to optimize this design.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1997

The effect of a calcium hydroxide paste on wound healing and osseointegration of dental implants. A pilot study in beagle dogs.

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of a new calcium hydroxide suspension (Osteoinductal) on the healing process of endosseous dental implants after placement. The material, composed of 25% calcium hydroxide, 25% Oleum pedum tauri and 50% vaselinum album, was developed with the intention to accelerate and to increase the mineralized bone to implant contact during the healing phase. Eight adult beagle dogs were used in this study. Prior to the beginning of the study the dogs had all mandibular premolars extracted. After the extraction sites had healed for 3 months, implant osteotomies were performed. On one side of the mandibular premolars extracted. After the extraction sites had healed for 3 months, implant osteotomies were performed. On one side of the mandible Osteoinductal was applied into the osteotomies before placement of the implants, whereas the other side did not receive Osteoinductal. A total of 48 implants were placed with two losses during the entire study period. Two dogs were sacrificed 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 3 months after implant placement. The specimens were evaluated histologically and histomorphometrically. In the histological evaluation an intense inflammatory reaction towards the calcium hydroxide suspension was found leading to a destruction of the bone surrounding the implants after 1 and 2 weeks. A giant cell reaction against the test material was visible at 4 weeks. At 3 months no inflammatory and no giant cell reaction could be depicted in the test group. The mean direct bone to implant contact or inflammatory tissue to implant contact showed no differences between test and control group for 1 and 2 weeks. Although statistically not significant, there was a clinical significant difference in the mineralized bone to implant contact between test and control group for the last two timepoints (i.e. 4-week specimens: test group 2.3 +/- 0.9%, control group 26.8 +/- 11.1%; 3-month specimens: test group 10.5 +/- 12.7%, control group 60.7 +/- 13.7%). This study indicates that the use of the calcium hydroxide suspension Osteoinductal has a detrimental effect on wound healing and osseointegration of dental implants and cannot be recommended for use with dental implants.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2005

[Extraction of 56 horizontally impacted teeth using dental implanter].

50 cases, totally 56 horizontally impacted teeth were extracted using dental implanter to remove the alveolar bone. Another 56 horizontally impacted teeth were extracted using high speed turbine.It's concluded that is a safe and easy way using the dental implanter to remove the horizontally impacted teeth, and the reaction and the complications could be minimized.

Dental Implants↗
PubMed1998

A retrospective analysis of the management of ailing and failing endosseous dental implants.

Very little has been presented in the scientific literature regarding the ability of practitioners to salvage the ailing dental implant once bone loss has occurred. The purpose of this study was to follow patients who had bone loss and increased probing depths associated with their dental implants after initial integration and restoration. All patients either were referred for the treatment of these implant problems or were patients on supportive periodontal therapy in this periodontal practice. Forty-two ailing/failing implants in 21 consecutive patients (ages 22-87) all having signs of excessive bone loss and bleeding on probing (most having suppuration) were treated either resectively or via hard or soft tissue augmentation and were followed for 42 to 84 months (average 54 months) in this retrospective study.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Efficacy of dental implants placed into fibula-free flaps for orofacial reconstruction.

OBJECTIVES: The transfer of the osseofasciocutaneus fibula-free flap has become a routine procedure in the reconstruction of comprehensive orofacial defects. Besides its length, major advantages of the fibula-free flap include the trigonal diameter of the fibular bone, which usually allows the placement of dental implants. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective study, 16 consecutive patients who received free fibula grafts and in total 51 dental implants between 1999 and 2001 were examined. All implants were inserted secondary after bone grafting and loaded after 3 months of submerged healing. The observation period extended 2.5 years on average. The implant success was controlled clinically, radiographically and by resonance frequency analysis. RESULTS: One implant that was located at the interface between the fibula graft and the mandible was lost due to dehiscence and local infection during the healing period. In two other patients, one implant had to remain unexposed as 'sleeper' due to an unfavourable soft tissue situation. The success rate calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis was 96.1% after an observation period of 1400 days. Resonance frequency analysis (ISQ-values) revealed significant differences related to the orientation (vestibulo-oral/mesio-distal; vo/md) of the transducer unit (P < 0.01). In general, a high primary stability for implants placed in free fibula grafts could be achieved (vo/md 66/74.1), which on average increased slightly during the healing period (vo/md 67.4/75.4) and within 12 month of functional loading (vo/md 72.1/79.9). Additional augmentation with iliac bone grafts or reconstructions with a double barred fibula resulted in an improved reconstruction of the alveolar process, thus allowing superior individual implant positions or angulations, but no elevation of the ISQ-values. CONCLUSION: The fibula-free flap provides a consistent bone graft that allows a reliable and predictable restoration with dental implants.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Oral lichen planus and dental implants. Report of 3 cases.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is generally considered to be a contraindication for the placement of dental implants. This report describes 3 female patients in whom implants were installed, either before OLP developed or thereafter. OLP in all 3 patients was asymptomatic and mostly of the atrophic or mixed atrophic and reticular type. The implants were in place between 15 years and 3 months. Bone resorption around the implants in all 3 patients was on average 3-4 mm. All implants were functioning well. Patients with OLP of the asymptomatic type involving the gingiva may be treated with dental implants, however, strict follow-up is recommended.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Evaluation of design parameters of osseointegrated dental implants using finite element analysis.

Finite element analyses were performed for various shapes of dental implant to study effects on stress distribution generated in the surrounding jaw bone and to determine an optimal thread shape for even stress distribution. It was found that the square thread shape filleted with a small radius was more effective on stress distribution than other dental implants used in the analyses. Additional analyses were performed on the implant with the thread shape obtained from previous analyses for varying other design parameters, such as the width of thread end and height of thread for various load directions, to determine the optimal dimensions of the implant. Stress distribution was more effective in the case when the width of thread end and the height of thread were 0.5p and 0.46p, respectively, where p is the screw pitch. Then, using the optimal implant thread dimensions determined previously, stress analyses were performed with various screw pitches and implant lengths, to investigate effects on stress distribution and to find the way to reduce the maximum effective stress generated in the jaw bone. Results show that the maximum effective stress decreased not only as screw pitch decreased gradually but also as implant length increased.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1999

Correlation between planned prosthetic and residual bone trajectories in dental implants.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The success of dental implant treatment relies on a well-developed treatment plan approach. Historically, implant placement was guided mainly by residual bone height and width, at times compromising prosthetic needs. PURPOSE: This study analyzed the amount of deviation between planned prosthetic trajectory and residual bone trajectory in different areas of the maxillary and mandibular dental arches, by using a tomographic survey in conjunction with imaging/surgical guides. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Ninety-two patients with a total of 235 implant sites were selected for the study. An imaging and surgical guide with a radiopaque indicator was constructed to determine the planned prosthetic trajectory. Cross-sectional tomograms were taken through the indicator at each implant site. The outlines of the available bone, planned prosthetic trajectory, and residual bone trajectory were traced, and the difference in the trajectory between the 2 trajectories was determined. RESULTS: Discrepancies between the planned prosthetic and the residual bone trajectories were greater in the mandibular molar area. This site was statistically different from other site groups at P =.05 (Tukey method). Statistically, all other site groups were not significantly different.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2000

Long-term assessment (5 to 71 months) of endosseous dental implants placed in the augmented maxillary sinus.

BACKGROUND: It is not uncommon for the placement of endosseous dental implants in the maxillary posterior jaw region to be complicated by the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus. When this occurs, the residual bone between the floor of the sinus and the crestal ridge is inadequate for the placement of implants. The sinus lift procedure provides a way to increase the amount of available bone and the placement of longer implants. METHODS: One hundred twenty (120) implants were placed in 45 augmented maxillary sinuses. Patients ranged in age from 34 to 78 years. The implant design included a limited number of non-hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated titanium screws, with the majority of the implants being HA-coated cylinders, grooved cylinders, and screws. The augmentation materials were autogenous bone, allogenic bone (demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft, DFDBA), alloplastic bone (HA), combination grafts of HA and DFDBA, and combination grafts of autogenous bone and DFDBA. All the cases were successfully restored with implant-supported, bar-retained overdentures or fixed partial dentures. The follow-up began at Stage 2 uncovering and ranged from 5 to 71 months, with a mean of 38.2 and standard deviation of 14.6 months. RESULTS: Three (2.5%) of the 120 implants failed between the period of implant placement and 36 months. Failures appeared to be associated with a history of smoking. Other complications encountered during the study are presented. Implant survival was higher in those placed in grafted sinuses (97.5%) than in those placed in the posterior maxilla without sinus grafting (90.3%). CONCLUSION: These findings support the use of implants placed in augmented sinuses to support dental prostheses.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Load transmission in implant superstructures supported by natural teeth and osseointegrated dental implants. A preliminary report.

There is considerable debate as to the effects of using bridges which are supported simultaneously by teeth and implants, due to the marked differences in their displaceability. This in-vivo experiment was carried out on three subjects, and measured the vertical and horizontal movement of implants and teeth, linked with a fixed superstructure, when this was loaded. The results suggest that natural abutment teeth may contribute significantly to bridge support in these circumstances.

Dental Abutments↗
PubMed1994

Longitudinal radiographic study of crestal bone levels adjacent to non-submerged dental implants.

To investigate changes in alveolar crestal bone levels adjacent to dental implants prior to and after functional loading, dental radiographs of 103 implants from consecutively treated patients were taken at four time-points: immediately after surgical insertion, at 3-6 months after surgery, at 12 months, and at 24 months after surgery. A computer-assisted method was used to measure the percent of bone change (%BC) relative to the shoulder-apex length of the implants at mesial and distal sites. Differences in the mean rates of %BC between the pre-loading period (3-6 months post-surgery) and the post-loading periods PLP1 and PLP2 (6-12 months and 12-24 months post-surgery, respectively) were evaluated. Rates of % BC during PRE, PLP1, and PLP2 were also determined for locations (maxilla or mandible) and types (screw or press-fit). Significantly higher rates of % bone loss per month were found for all implants during PRE compared with PLP1 and PLP2, and during PLP1 compared with PLP2. During PRE, maxillary implants had a significantly higher rate of bone loss compared with mandibular implants. During PLP1, mandibular implants showed some further loss, whereas maxillary implants exhibited a small but significant gain. No significant difference was found during PLP2. Bone loss adjacent to press-fit implants was significantly higher than that adjacent to the screw type during PRE, while no difference was found during the post-loading periods.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immediate loading of dental implants placed in revascularized fibula free flaps: a clinical report on 2 consecutive patients.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to report the clinical outcome of dental implants placed in revascularized fibula flaps for the reconstruction of severely atrophied edentulous maxillae and immediately loaded with full-arch implant-supported prostheses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two patients, a 55-year-old woman and a 59-year-old woman, who presented with severely atrophied edentulous maxillae and local anatomy incompatible with rehabilitation with conventional complete removable dentures and insufficient bone volume for placement of implants of adequate dimensions were selected for reconstruction with revascularized fibula free flaps. Three months after the reconstructive procedure, Brånemark System dental implants (8 in the 55-year-old patient, 7 in the 59-year-old patient) were placed in the reconstructed areas and immediately loaded with implant-supported full-arch prostheses. The mean follow-up period of implants after the start of prosthetic loading was 24 months. Radiographic peri-implant bone level changes and peri-implant clinical parameters (Plaque Index, Bleeding Index, and probing depth) were evaluated. RESULTS: No implants were lost during the follow-up period. Implant survival and success rates were 100% and 93.3%, respectively. Peri-implant clinical parameters presented values consistent with those obtained for implants placed in native nonreconstructed bone and allowed to heal before loading. DISCUSSION: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that the successful immediate loading of implants placed in fibula free flaps for the rehabilitation of totally edentulous patients with severely resorbed maxillae or mandibles has been described. CONCLUSION: Despite the limited number of patients and the short follow-up period, immediate loading of implants placed in revascularized fibula free flaps appears to be a reliable method for the dental rehabilitation of these patients.

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation↗
PubMed2003

Solcoseryl, a tissue respiration stimulating agent, significantly enhances the effect of capacitively coupled electric field on the promotion of bone formation around dental implants.

In the present study we examined the combined effect of application of a capacitively coupled electric field (CCEF) and the tissue respiration stimulating agent, Solcoseryl, on the promotion of bone formation around dental implants histologically and mechanically. After a dental implant was inserted into each femur of Japanese white rabbits, Solcoseryl (2 ml/kg) was administered intravenously in the ear vein and a CCEF was applied for 4 h per day for 14 days. The degree of bone formation on microscopic observation, bone contact ratio, bone surface area ratio, and the level of removal torque of the implant in the Solcoseryl- and CCEF-treated group were significantly higher than the respective value in the control group, which had not been treated with Solcoseryl nor CCEF. Thus, the combination of CCEF stimulation and Solcoseryl effectively promoted the formation of new bone. It is suggested that the clinical use of a combination of CCEF stimulation and Solcoseryl for dental implants promotes osseointegration.

Actihaemyl↗