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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Late recurrence in medulloblastoma.

The authors present 3 cases of recurrence of medulloblastoma at 6 years, 6 years 7 months, and 7 years 4 months disease-free intervals from the time of diagnosis. Two of these cases have violated Collins' rule of survivorship; i.e., an interval longer than the patient's age plus 9 months being equivalent to cure. Two of the cases were biopsy proven recurrences of medulloblastoma and in the third, the recurrence was diagnosed on the basis of clinical and roentgenographic data. Other than for these late recurrences, our series is similar to other series reported in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Intraspinal seeding from intracranial tumors in children.

Cerebrospinal fluid-borne metastases were demonstrated by metrizamide myelography in 20 children with primary intracranial tumors, posterior fossa medulloblastomas being the most common. The lumbosacral region was affected most often, with nerve root thickening, nodularity, and irregularity of the thecal sac. Cord cloaking, nodularity, and meningeal disease were common in the cervical and thoracic areas. Intraspinal spread from primary intracranial tumors signals a poor prognosis. However, the early detection of intraspinal spread afforded by metrizamide myelography can alter therapy and thereby improve prognosis.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Intracranial ganglioglioma: MR, CT, and clinical findings in 18 patients.

Eighteen cases of pathologically proved intracranial gangliogliomas were reviewed to determine their MR, CT, and clinical characteristics. Seventeen patients were evaluated with contrast-enhanced CT and 14 were studied by MR imaging. Eight tumors were predominantly cystic; half of these demonstrated some contrast enhancement, and five contained calcifications. These cystic gangliogliomas were located, in order of decreasing frequency, in the cerebellum, temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes. Ten tumors were solid; eight of these showed contrast enhancement, and only one contained calcifications. Small cysts were present in one solid mass. Solid gangliogliomas occurred preferentially in the temporal lobes. On MR, the findings were nonspecific and reflected the CT findings. In one patient who received gadolinium-DTPA the lesion did not enhance. Clinically, all patients presented with nonfocal long-standing symptoms and all but three were alive an average of 18 months after the initial diagnosis. Pathologists are recognizing ganglioglioma with increasing frequency, and although its radiographic characteristics vary, it should be included in the differential diagnosis when the above-described findings are encountered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Medulloblastoma metastasizing to a breast fibroadenoma: a case report.

The extracranial spread of primary intercranial tumours is infrequent, occurring most commonly with medulloblastoma. The spread of one malignant tumour to a second tumour, benign or malignant, is also very rare. This case appears to be unique, in that a primary malignant cerebral tumour metastasized to a benign extracranial tumour.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1989

A review of astrocytoma in childhood.

Between 1954 and 1984, 282 children with astrocytoma were included in the Manchester Children's Tumour Registry (MCTR), giving an overall incidence of 9.3 per million person-years. There were 110 children with adult astrocytoma and 172 children with juvenile astrocytoma. The five-year survival for adult astrocytoma was 15% and 75% for juvenile astrocytoma. There were no significant improvements in survival with time. There were 21 children with neurofibromatosis (NF) and 4 children had tuberous sclerosis. Some children had other recognized syndromes and others had major or minor abnormalities. Nine children had second tumors, mainly associated with NF, and seven siblings had malignant tumors. A number of mothers of these children were found to have breast cancer. Some of these families may represent examples of the Li-Fraumeni cancer family syndrome. We conclude that astrocytomas is an important problem in childhood and that a proportion of cases may have a genetic origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ondansetron in radiation therapy of brain tumor in children.

Ten children receiving 5 to 6 week courses of radiotherapy after brain tumor surgery were given ondansetron treatment for persistent nausea and emesis. All patients continued the ondansetron treatment until the end of their radiotherapy course. Nausea, emesis, appetite, and adverse events were scored throughout the ondansetron treatment period. Ondansetron was well tolerated by all patients and was effective at reducing symptoms in 60% of the children.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reversible occlusion shunt for intraventricular chemotherapy in shunt-dependent brain tumor patients.

Intraventricular chemotherapy is increasingly used in the treatment of pediatric brain tumors with leptomeningeal seeding. However, some patients are shunt dependent after surgery, probably due to adhesions in the area of surgery. To avoid drug diversion in these patients we connected the reservoir to a reversible occlusion device. Over a 2-year period a shunt value with an on-off device was inserted into the shunt assembly of eight children with various brain tumors with a poor prognosis undergoing intraventricular chemotherapy. All eight patients had tumor cells in the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or metastases by magnetic resonance imaging. The number of intraventricular drug applications ranged from 10 to 51. No shunt malfunctions or shunt-related infections occurred. The temporary closure of the shunt after drug delivery was well tolerated. In all six children with tumor cells in the ventricular CSF a negative cytology was achieved over a 3- to 8-week period.

Adolescent↗