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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Labeling relaxation procedures: impact on adolescent's self-report of effectiveness.

Adolescents are being taught relaxation techniques by health-care professionals with increased frequency. The present study examined the effect, on self-reported relaxation, of labeling passive relaxation techniques as "hypnotic relaxation" or as "relaxation training." Subjects were 64 adolescent college students who scored above the 50th percentile, from a subject pool of 189 potential subjects, on the Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory. A two by two by two factorial design was utilized with sex, label (hypnotic relaxation versus relaxation training) and relaxation technique (hypnotic induction versus autogenic training) as the independent variables. Under the guise of an investigation of the physiologic correlates of relaxation, subjects were assigned at random to one of four groups. Manipulations of label and relaxation technique were presented on tape via an intercom system. The dependent variable, perceived degree of relaxation, was obtained using a form presented as a "double check" of the accuracy of the physiologic monitoring equipment to which subjects seemingly were attached. Results indicate that the label attached to relaxation techniques can have a significant effect on an individual's subjective report of relaxation depending on the subject's sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychotherapy in geriatrics].

Psychotherapy in geriatrics is a necessary and a rewarding task of the doctor. Some advice may be given here resulting from many years of experience with psychosomatic patients suffering from organic or functional diseases, consulting mostly general practitioners and internists. In hospital as well as in a general practice there are many possibilities of psychotherapy especially for the elderly and aged people. Diagnostic and therapeutic talks, conflict-centered, supportive therapy, autogenous training, depth-psychologically oriented individual and group therapy are important means of therapy in the old age. Other successful therapeutic procedures are behaviour therapy, family therapy and Guided Affective Imagery.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Stress management in the treatment of essential arterial hypertension].

Between 60 and 90% of patients consult their family doctor for stress-associated complaints. Not infrequently, a considerable number of these patients already have elevated blood pressure. The positive effect on high blood pressure of relaxation techniques has been confirmed in various studies. Accordingly, stress management should now have a permanent place in effective antihypertensive treatment. Appropriate relaxation techniques include, for example, autogenic training, progressive muscle relaxation, visualization and breathing exercises, chi gong and yoga. These practices are incorporated in various lifestyle programs. They act in different ways, and can be offered to the patient in accordance with his/her individual wishes.

Autogenic Training↗
PubMed1988

Efficacy of relaxation techniques in hypertensive patients.

We examined 117 outpatients (20- to 45-year-old men) with mild essential hypertension before treatment, after the main treatment course (6 weeks), and at 12-month follow-up. The patients were randomized into two major groups: (a) a treatment group that received autogenic training (23 patients), biofeedback (24 patients), or breathing-relaxation training (23 patients) and (b) a control group that consisted of 24 patients who did not receive any intervention and 23 patients who were treated with a "psychological placebo." Clinical, psychological, and psychophysiological data from all patients who were offered relaxation therapy were analyzed. By the end of follow-up, and compared to the control group, the treatment group demonstrated a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, peripheral vascular resistance, and hypertensive response to emotional stress, and an improvement in psychological adaptation, quality of life, and capacity for work. Comparative analysis of the efficacy of different relaxation methods revealed that biofeedback and breathing-relaxation training resulted in the greatest reduction in blood pressure. The antihypertensive effect of relaxation therapy correlated positively with pretreatment blood pressure levels and negatively with the duration of illness and certain psychological features.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

[Psychosomatic treatment of irritable bowel syndrome].

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may be defined as a psychosomatic disease. Most primary care physicians do not want to undertake psychosomatic treatment, but may find it necessary in refractory patients. Brief psychosomatic treatments, providing patients with betterways to cope with stress, reduce the symptoms. The literature on the psychosomatic treatment for IBS is summarized. Supportive therapy and autogenic training that produce relaxation response appear to be effective. Other special psychological therapies that require specialized training, such as hypnosis, biofeedback, cognitive therapy, transactional analysis may be used for IBS but adequately controlled trials are lacking. It is certain that psychosomatic treatment take part in the management of IBS. Additional studies are needed to verify the effectiveness of these treatment for IBS.

Autogenic Training↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Complex correction of functional state in subjects with psychoautonomic syndrome].

The article presents the results of correction of functional condition in patients with vegetative disorders using non-pharmacological factors: modified autogenic training, cyclic physical exercise, respiratory gymnastics, contrast shower. The complex of the non-pharmacological factors corrects defects in interhemispheric relationships, relieves the severity of vegetative affection, improves psychoemotional condition, enhances functional potentialities of cardiovascular and respiratory systems in patients with psychovegetative syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Role of psychotherapy in the complex treatment of children who stutter].

In 30 preschool children the efficacy of various psychotherapeutic methods in the treatment of spasmophemia was estimated. The effect of group psychotherapy, play therapy and age-modified variants of autogenous training is described. Importance of family psychotherapy is determined, and attempts at specifying the most typical pathological family situations are made. It is noted that the psychotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of spasmophemia at the preschool age, and contributes to a stable social adaptation of the child.

Autogenic Training↗
PubMed1984

Behavioral treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon in scleroderma.

Twenty-four patients with Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma were randomly assigned to receive finger temperature biofeedback, frontalis EMG biofeedback, or autogenic training. Only those receiving temperature feedback showed significant increases in finger temperature during training and during a posttraining test of voluntary control, effects not attributable to general relaxation. However, no group demonstrated significant clinical improvement, assessed by symptom reports and by ambulatory monitoring of finger temperature. The need for careful classification of patients with Raynaud's disease and Raynaud's phenomenon in scleroderma is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Behavioral versus pharmacological treatments for essential hypertension: a pilot study.

This is the only study so far in which a behavioral treatment is compared with standard pharmacological treatments for essential hypertension. Three groups of five subjects each were compared: 1. pharmacological treatment; 2. relaxation treatment (autogenic training); 3. the combination. The group given antihypertensive medication was significantly more improved (as determined by blood pressure decrease) by the fourth quarter of the treatment as compared with the relaxation treatment or with the combination. This advantage for routine amounts of antihypertensive medications vs. behavioral treatments is consistent with the only other data from a similar comparison that is available [1].

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Therapy of neuroses].

The therapy of neuroses begins with the creation of a condition of confidence between physician and patient. It is followed by a relevant explanation of pathophysiologic connections, which must effect the removal of anxiety in the patient. A common task leads to the proper process. The use of the various therapeutic methods, which are differed as centered to symptoms and centered to personality above all depends on the degree of severity of the neurosis. Results from the two groups of treatment are reported. The use of autogenic training in bronchial asthma, estimated according to the changes of the maximum expiration speed and the maximum breathing capacity, as an example of a symptom-centered method. As an example of a personality-centered treatment it is reported on a complex group psychotherapy in cases of chronic ulcerative colitis in an in-patient department, estimated according to the frequency of relapses and to the capability to work before and after psychotherapy.

Asthma↗
PubMed1991

[Psychotherapy in the treatment of a patient with chronic renal failure].

A renal female patient treated by hemodialysis and suffering from phobic neurosis-like reactions in a situation of dialysis received staged psychotherapy that included explanatory and rational talks, hypnosis, and autogenic training. The individual choice of the psychotherapeutic procedure was based on the clinical evaluation of the premorbid personality traits and characteristics of psychosomatic disorders. Special attention was focused on the concept of emotional and stressful psychotherapy which was introduced in all the procedures used. Emphasis is laid on the pathogenic role played by the emotion of fear as a specific feeling in renal patients. Improvement of the patient's status has been recorded.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The behavioral treatment of Raynaud's disease: a review.

Raynaud's disease is a peripheral vascular system disorder characterized by episodes of vasoconstriction in the hands and feet resulting in a lowering of skin temperature and pain. Recent studies are reviewed that focus on the behavioral treatment of Raynaud's disease--in particular, biofeedback and autogenic training. Methodological problems and other difficulties include the measurement of skin temperature, schedules of reinforcement/feedback, and characteristics of the experimenter and subject. Studies in this area indicate some promise for certain behavioral interventions, especially finger temperature biofeedback under cold stress conditions. On the other hand, further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms, especially that of vasodilation, and the applications of temperature biofeedback, as well as the role of attitudinal, interpersonal, and cognitive factors.

Autogenic Training↗
PubMed2000

Treatment outcome expectancies and hypnotic susceptibility as moderators of pain reduction in patients with chronic tension-type headache.

The aim of this study was to determine whether hypnotic susceptibility (a) predicts pain reduction posttreatment and at follow-up independent of generic expectations of treatment outcome and mode of treatment and (b) predicts persistence of pain reduction during the follow-up period. In 169 patients with chronic tension-type headaches randomly allocated to either self-hypnosis or autogenic training, pain reduction posttreatment and at follow-up was significantly associated with hypnotic susceptibility independent of generic expectations of treatment outcome and treatment condition. Moreover, it was found that early responders obtained significantly higher hypnotic susceptibility scores than nonresponders, although there were no significant differences in hypnotic susceptibility between late responders in comparison to early and nonresponders. However, almost one fourth of those who were nonresponders posttreatment did respond at follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[The effectiveness of psychorelaxation therapy in patients with hypertension].

A study of 117 patients with labile essential hypertension before as well as 6 weeks and 12 months after psychorelaxation treatment (PRT), making use of autogenous training, biological feedback or respiratory relaxation training techniques (the main group), and the control patients, exposed to no psychological effects and those on the so-called psychological placebo, demonstrated a significantly greater fall of systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure, total peripheral resistance and hypertensive response to emotional stress, as well as better psychological adaptation, quality of life and working capacity in the main-group patients, as compared to the controls, by the end of the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The relationship of expectancies to outcome in stress management treatment of essential hypertension: results from the Joint USSR-USA Behavioral Hypertension Project.

Outcome expectancy and efficacy expectancy measures were made during the course of a cross-cultural comparison of thermal biofeedback and autogenic training as treatments for mild essential hypertension. There were no differences between groups at either pre- or posttreatment, and expectancy measures were not related to initial success or failure at the completion of treatment. However, both outcome and efficacy expectations were related to relapse over the three months immediately following the completion of treatment. Treatment failures had lower ratings for both outcome and efficacy expectations at the posttreatment assessment in comparison to treatment successes. Implications of these results are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

End organ changes associated with the self-regulatory treatment of mild essential hypertension?

M-mode echocardiograms were obtained on unmedicated males with mild hypertension before and after treatment with thermal biofeedback, autogenic training, or self-relaxation. Although patients for whom diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was successfully reduced showed trends toward reduction in left ventricular parameters while unsuccessful patients showed no changes, the results were not significant. For the four patients with borderline left ventricular hypertrophy, there was a strong trend (p = .06) for successful treatment to lead to a reduction in left ventricular mass. Moreover, across the whole sample, reduction in left ventricular mass was related (r = .30) to decrease in DBP.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Feasibility of pathogenetic therapy for hysteria].

On the basis of combined clinico-dynamic and neurophysiological examinations of 371 patients with hysteria and 180 patients with hysteriform disturbances a concept on the necessity of their pathogenetic treatment with consideration of the stage and degree of the emotional disturbances is proposed. In cases of an acute or subacute course of the disease, combinations of hypnosuggestive therapy with modified autogenic training are shown to be effective. For patients with a lingering course combinations of psychotherapeutic and biological methods with the use of central cholinolytics (for relaxing the high tone of the cholinergic system), psychostimulants and antidepressants (for strengthening the tone of the serotoninergic structures) are indicated. In resistant cases, medicinal therapy with median and high doses of atropine is recommended. An individualized, staged complex approach to the therapy of hysteria with indispensable consideration of the age factor is shown to bae the most advisable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Thermovision applied to relaxation].

Dynamic telethermography (thermovision) affords at distance picking up on a T.V. screen (black and white or color) of the thermal body map. Its use in relaxation (autogenic training) enabled us to study in their overall, the thermal modifications observed during the relaxation. We have been able to find changes occurring in the release of heat at the front of the neck and at the inner corner of the eye socket; up to now, this had been unnoticed. Finally, it has allowed a dynamic work: the progression in heat release at the extremities of the limbs, at the thorax and the abdomen level was subject to an accurate and detailed study which leads to future prospects of interest by showing vascular exchanges, the thermal changes of which being only reflecting them.

Autogenic Training↗