Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ATLAS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Interactive atlas of joint anatomy on MR images.

We designed and developed an atlas of joint anatomy based on MR images. Using a workstation that consisted of a computer and a videodisc player, each with its own monitor, the program presented complete sets of labeled MR images of the joints by using a variety of common pulse sequences in standard imaging planes. The images were stored on videodisc and were retrieved and displayed under the control of the computer program. The images could be viewed in a self-paced, structured sequence or in any arbitrary, self-directed way. Interactive features included a quiz mode that challenged the user to name the anatomic structures, one at a time. The atlas has been exhibited at national meetings and currently is used in our residency and fellowship training programs.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1985

Spontaneous fracture of atlas of cervical spine affected by rheumatoid arthritis.

A case of spontaneous fracture of the atlas in a 67-year-old woman who had suffered from rheumatoid arthritis for more than 20 years is described. This fracture is unique and can present diagnostic problems. Lying in the coronar plane makes the atlas difficult to visualize radiographically. Computer-guided tomography is a helpful diagnostic technique. The brittleness of the cervical spine in long-term rheumatoid patients should also be kept in mind when performing endotracheal intubation.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Posterior occipitoaxial fusion for atlantoaxial dislocation associated with occipitalized atlas.

Between 1989 and 1994, 50 patients suffering from congenital atlantoaxial dislocation with either an assimilated atlas or a thin or deficient posterior arch of the atlas were treated with occipitocervical fusion using the technique described by Jain and colleagues in 1993 with a few modifications. An artificial bridge created from the occipital bone along the margin of the foramen magnum was fused to the axis using sublaminar wiring and interposed strut and lateral onlay bone grafts. Ten patients (20%) also underwent atlantoaxial lateral joint fusion by intraarticular instillation of bone chips. In 22 patients (44%) with irreducible dislocation, posterior fusion was preceded by transoral odontoidectomy. In seven patients (14%) with ventral compression, who showed marked clinical improvement on traction despite radiological evidence of persisting atlantoaxial dislocation, occipitocervical fusion was performed without ventral decompression. Seven patients (14%) underwent a single-stage transoral odontoidectomy and posterior fusion. There was no perioperative mortality and the osseous fusion rate was 88%. Of the 43 patients available at follow-up examination (range 3-12 months), 31 patients (72.09%) improved, seven (16.28%) remained the same, and five (11.6%) deteriorated in comparison with their preoperative status. Hence, this technique achieves a stable occipitocervical arthrodesis without supplemental external orthoses and facilitates early postoperative mobilization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Triple anterior screw fixation of an acute combination atlas-axis fracture. Case report.

The authors report the successful treatment of an acute combination atlas-axis fracture in an 85-year-old man using anterior odontoid and C1-2 transarticular facet screw fixation and a Philadelphia collar. Treatment with halo brace immobilization failed, and the patient experienced recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation when placed partially prone for chest physiotherapy. If a posterior approach is not feasible, an anterior odontoid and C1-2 transarticular facet screw fixation can be considered as a salvage procedure for patients with acute combination atlas-axis fractures.

Aged↗
PubMed2026

Multimodal atlas of human atherosclerosis links granular vascular cell states to coronary artery disease risk.

Advances in single-cell and spatial assays have revolutionized the scale and resolution of molecular tissue profiling. Here we present MetaPlaq, a multimodal atlas of human atherosclerotic arterial beds comprising over a million cells across single-cell transcriptomics, epigenomics and high-resolution spatial expression assays. We map granular cell states and disease-relevant transcriptional programs within the native tissue context of coronary arteries. Furthermore, we map cardiovascular GWAS signals to smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) and uncover the cis-regulatory architecture governing their phenotypic transitions. Our comprehensive epigenomic reference allowed us to build cell-specific enhancer-gene link maps and multimodal gene regulatory networks (GRNs) underlying disease-relevant states such as osteogenic SMCs and ECs undergoing mesenchymal transition. We also integrate SMC and EC disease-associated gene sets with GRNs to nominate key transcription factors such as PRRX1, BNC2 and ELK3 regulating atherosclerosis-relevant transcriptional programs. Finally, we layer single-cell and spatial modalities to fine-map GWAS variants with improved cell and anatomical context. We highlight candidate cell-specific regulatory mechanisms at less characterized CAD loci, including FGD5 and MCF2L in ECs. Together, this atlas represents an important step towards fully interpreting genetic risk loci and informing new therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2026

A Spatiotemporal Atlas of the Androgen Receptor Proximal Interactome.

Androgen receptor-interacting proteins (AR-IPs) number close to 1,000, yet their organization across subcellular space and time remains uncharted. Proximity labeling identifies direct partners and neighboring proteins, thereby expanding AR-IPs to AR-proximal interacting proteins (AR-PIPs). Using proximity labeling quantitative mass spectrometry (PL-qMS), we construct a spatiotemporal atlas of the cytosolic, microsomal, and nuclear compartments in LNCaP prostate tumor cells. PL-qMS recovered 82.2% of the known AR-interactome in extranuclear compartments and 84.2% in the nucleus, identifying 4,751 AR-PIPs that remodel across an androgen time course. The retromer formed an androgen-sensitive AR-proximal interaction network (AR-PIN) verified by proximity ligation assays (PLAs). Moreover, partial VPS26A disruption attenuated androgen-regulated transcription and mislocalized the AR coactivator TMF1, defining a retromer-AR-TMF1 axis. In the nucleus, AR-PINs recover 100% of the Launonen 2021 ChIP-SICAP chromatome and reveal a PLA-verified translation-to-transcription handoff involving eIF4G and 4E-BP1. This spatiotemporal atlas provides a proximal framework for probing AR function in cells.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

The Influence of Atlas Therapy on Tinnitus.

We present questions and thoughts of an outsider on the proprioceptive input of the posterior small cervical muscles to the brainstem as a source of tinnitus. After treatment of whiplash injuries and other muscular conditions with Arlen's atlas therapy, some patients reported that their tinnitus had abated with the muscular tensions. Atlas therapy has been proven to slacken the muscles and seems to quiet to normal levels afferent impulses to the brainstem. This has been proven to apply to nystagmus. We sought to determine whether it has the same effect on some forms of tinnitus.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Use of radiographic atlases in a mass fatality.

In May and June of 1996, a forensic anthropology team from the C.A. Pound Human Identification Laboratory at the University of Florida identified 9 of 10 juveniles from the crash of ValuJet 592. The team relied primarily on a radiographic atlas developed and used by clinical practitioners to determine skeletal age. Postmortem radiographs of the juvenile victims were compared with radiographic standards to determine skeletal age. Skeletal age was then compared to a passenger list indicating the sex, weight, height, and chronological age of each individual. Tentative identifications based on the atlas method were organized into an exclusion matrix. Final identifications were based on this assessment in conjunction with other anthropological data such as appearance and fusion of ossification centers and estimation of stature.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1999

Snow algae of the Sierra Nevada, Spain, and High Atlas mountains of Morocco.

Snow algae (Chlorophyta) are reported from the Sierra Nevada mountains in southern Spain and the High Atlas mountains of Morocco. Populations of the snow algae Chlamydomonas sp., coloring the snow orange-red, were collected from Pico de Veleta, Spain, while snow samples from Mt. Neltner in the High Atlas mountains, contained resting spores of an orange-green colored Chloromonas sp. Other microbes observed in snow samples include bacteria, fungi, heterotrophic euglenids, diatoms, nematodes, and heterotrophic mastigotes (flagellated protists). This is the first report of snow algae from the Sierra Nevada mountains of Spain and from the Afro-alpine environment.

Altitude↗
PubMed2000

[Analysis of urinary calculi in adults from the Moroccan Medium Atlas by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the stone composition in adult patients from the medium Atlas of Morocco. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A series of 183 calculi from adult patients (males: 123, females: 60) collected in medium Atlas of Morocco was analysed by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy. The stones were surgically removed (n = 168) or spontaneously passed (n = 15). RESULTS: Kidney stones are encountered in 70.5% of calculi. The stones were twice frequent in males than in females (M/F = 2.10). Whewellite was the main component in 51.4% of the stones and 49.7% of the stone core, weddellite in only 7.1% of stones and 6.4% of the nuclei. Uric acid was predominant in 18% of stones and also 19.7% of nuclei, and carbapatite in 12.6% of stones and nuclei. All in all, whewellite was present in 77.6% of calculi and weddellite in 25.1%, carbapatite in 68.3% and PACC in 23.5%, struvite in 15.3%, uric acid in 20.8% and ammonium hydrogen urate in 14.2% of cases. Struvite stones were more frequent in females and uric acid calculi in males, in particular in patients aged more than 60 years old. CONCLUSION: As observed in most countries, calcium oxalate was the most frequent major component of the stones (58.5%). Uric acid stones were more frequent (18%) than reported in Western countries, thus suggesting that particular dietary habits are involved in stone formation. The relatively high occurrence of struvite stones (8%) could be a marker of an insufficient early detection and treatment of chronic urinary tract infection.

Female↗
PubMed2000

A new efficient method for 3D registration using human brain atlases.

In this article a new efficient method in deformable brain atlases is proposed. To achieve this goal we use the composition of two applications, an affine transformation and other one. In this second application we have used three different approaches. One approach that has been used and two new approaches. We use a set of points to be identified both in brain atlas and in patient's brain for registration. The three approach present an advantage: the mathematical solution obtained makes it to be very fast, almost immediate. Several results have been obtained and they have been classified as very satisfactory by the neurosurgeons that have tested our system.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed2002

Development of an internet-based rainfall atlas for Alabama.

In the United States, rainfall information needed for intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves or design storm hyetographs can be found in TP 40, HYDRO-35, and the NOAA Atlas 2. Additional rainfall data collected since the dates of those publications, and improved methods for statistical treatment of data, have motivated update studies in several regions of the United States. One of the new studies has been performed for the State of Alabama. Results of the Alabama study are embodied in an internet-based graphical user interface, which permits users to interactively point and click on a geographical location of interest, and have IDF curves and/or storm hyetographs returned on demand. Reactions to the internet-based rainfall atlas have been promising, and have led to additional work for the National Weather Service, Office of Hydrologic Development.

Alabama↗
PubMed1992

An atlas of the brain of the tench (Tinca tinca L., 1758; Cyprinidae, Teleostei).

This report provides an atlas of the tench brain in the transverse plane. The brain atlas is based on paraffin-embedded brains which are serially sectioned and stained with cresyl violet. It consists of drawings and photographs at several levels throughout the main divisions of the tench brain. The brain of the tench shows important variations in the shape, extension and boundaries of different brain areas and nuclei in comparison with those previously described in the brain of other teleosts.

Anatomy, Artistic↗
PubMed2004

Measurement of cerebral glucose metabolic rates in the anesthetized rat by dynamic scanning with 18F-FDG, the ATLAS small animal PET scanner, and arterial blood sampling.

UNLABELLED: Rodent models and genetically altered mice have recently become available to study many human diseases. A sensitive and accurate PET scanner for small animals would be useful to evaluate treatment of these diseases in rodent models. To examine the feasibility of performing quantitative PET studies, we performed dynamic scans with arterial blood sampling in anesthetized rats with the ATLAS (Advanced Technology Laboratory Animal Scanner) small animal PET scanner developed at the National Institutes of Health and (18)F-FDG and compared activities determined by PET scanning with those obtained by direct tissue sampling. METHODS: Dynamic PET scans after a bolus of approximately 48 MBq (1.3 mCi) (18)F-FDG were performed in rats anesthetized with isoflurane. Arterial blood sampling was performed throughout the scanning period. At 60 min the rat was killed, and the brain was rapidly removed and dissected into 5 structures (thalamus [TH], cortex [CX], brain stem [BS], cerebellum [CB], and half brain). Activity in the tissue samples was compared with the mean activity of the last 5 min of calibrated PET data. RESULTS: Plasma activity peaked at approximately 0.2 min and then cleared rapidly. Brain activity initially rose rapidly; the rate of increase then progressively slowed until activity was approximately constant between 30 and 60 min. Recovery coefficients (MBq/mL in PET images)/(MBq/mL in tissue samples) were 0.99 +/- 0.04, 0.90 +/- 0.19, 1.01 +/- 0.24, 0.84 +/- 0.05, and 1.01 +/- 0.17, respectively, in TH, CX, BS, CB, and half brain (mean +/- SD, n = 6-9). Cerebral glucose utilization determined by Patlak analyses of PET data measured 30-60 min after injection of (18)F-FDG was 31.7 +/- 5.2, 23.9 +/- 4.8, 29.9 +/- 5.0, 39.3 +/- 7.3, and 28.1 +/- 4.6 micro mol/100 g/min (mean +/- SD, n = 9) in TH, CX, BS, CB, and whole brain, respectively. These results are consistent with a previous (14)C-deoxyglucose study of the isoflurane-anesthetized rat. CONCLUSION: Expected values for glucose metabolic rates and recovery coefficients near unity suggest that quantitatively accurate dynamic (18)F-FDG brain imaging can be performed in the rat with arterial blood sampling and the ATLAS small animal PET scanner.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed2004

An Atlas on genes and chromosomes in oncology and haematology.

The "Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology" http://www.infobiogen.fr/services/chromcancer is a peer-reviewed and free internet database aimed at genes involved in cancer, cytogenetics and clinical entities in cancer, and cancer-prone diseases. It contains concise and updated review articles, a huge portal towards genetics and/or cancer databases, and teaching materials in genetics for the students. This database is made for and by clinicians and researchers, who are encouraged to contribute. The Atlas is part of the genome project. It provides information in cancer epidemiology. It contributes to research, university and post-university teaching, and telemedicine. It contributes to 'meta-medicine', a mediation using new information technology, between the overflowing information provided by the scientific community and the individual practitioner.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed2006

Construction and evaluation of multitracer small-animal PET probabilistic atlases for voxel-based functional mapping of the rat brain.

UNLABELLED: Automated voxel-based or predefined volume-of-interest (VOI) analysis of rodent small-animal PET data is necessary for optimal use of information because the number of available resolution elements is limited. We have mapped metabolic ((18)F-FDG), dopamine transporter (DAT) (2'-(18)F-fluoroethyl(1R-2-exo-3-exe)-8-methyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]-octane-2-carboxylate [(18)F-FECT]), and dopaminergic D(2) receptor ((11)C-raclopride) small-animal PET data onto a 3-dimensional T2-weighted MRI rat brain template oriented according to the rat brain Paxinos atlas. In this way, ligand-specific templates for sensitive analysis and accurate anatomic localization were created. Registration accuracy and test-retest and intersubject variability were investigated. Also, the feasibility of individual rat brain statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was explored for (18)F-FDG and DAT imaging of a 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA) model of Parkinson's disease. METHODS: Ten adult Wistar rats were scanned repetitively with multitracer small-animal PET. Registrations and affine spatial normalizations were performed using SPM2. On the MRI template, a VOI map representing the major brain structures was defined according to the stereotactic atlas of Paxinos. (18)F-FDG data were count normalized to the whole-brain uptake, whereas parametric DAT and D(2) binding index images were constructed by reference to the cerebellum. Registration accuracy was determined using random simulated misalignments and vectorial mismatching. RESULTS: Registration accuracy was between 0.24 and 0.86 mm. For (18)F-FDG uptake, intersubject variation ranged from 1.7% to 6.4%. For (11)C-raclopride and (18)F-FECT data, these values were 11.0% and 5.3%, respectively, for the caudate-putamen. Regional test-retest variability of metabolic normalized data ranged from 0.6% to 6.1%, whereas the test-retest variability of the caudate-putamen was 14.0% for (11)C-raclopride and 7.7% for (18)F-FECT. SPM analysis of 3 individual 6OHDA rats showed severe hypometabolism in the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex (P </= 0.0004) and a striatal decrease in DAT availability (P </= 0.0005, corrected). CONCLUSION: MRI-based small-animal PET templates facilitate accurate assessment and spatial localization of rat brain function using VOI or voxel-based analysis. Regional intersubject and test-retest variations found in this study, as well as registration errors, indicate that accuracy comparable to the human situation can be achieved. Therefore, small-animal PET with advanced image processing is likely to play a useful role in detailed in vivo molecular imaging of the rat brain.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2006

World Health Organization's Mental Health Atlas 2005:implications for policy development.

In 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the second edition of the Mental Health Atlas, consisting of revised and updated information on mental health from countries. The sources of information included the mental health focal points in the Ministries of Health, published literature and unpublished reports available to WHO. The results show that global mental health resources remain low and grossly inadequate to respond to the high level of need. In addition, the revised Atlas shows that the improvements over the period 2001 to 2004 are very small. Imbalances across income groups of countries remain largely the same. Enhancement in resources devoted to mental health is urgently needed, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Injury Mortality Atlas of the United States, 1979-1987.

Injury is the fourth leading cause of death among all persons in the United States and, because of increased risk for injury to the young, is the leading cause of potential years of life lost before age 65 years (1). In 1988, the estimated total national cost attributable to injuries was $180 billion (2). To assist public health agencies in targeting interventions for the control and prevention of injuries in geographic areas of increased risk, CDC developed the Injury Mortality Atlas of the United States, 1979-1987, which presents county-specific maps illustrating the geographic distribution of injury-related death rates. This report summarizes methods used to create the atlas and highlights important patterns and findings.

Accidents↗