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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Possible association of body dysmorphic disorder with an occupation or education in art and design.

OBJECTIVE: The authors hypothesized that because patients with body dysmorphic disorder are preoccupied with their appearance and aesthetics, they are more likely to have an occupation or education in art and design than patients with other psychiatric disorders. METHOD: Information on occupation and higher education or training was extracted from the case notes of 100 consecutive patients with body dysmorphic disorder and compared with the same information for 100 patients with a major depressive episode, 100 with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and 100 with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). RESULTS: Twenty percent of the patients with body dysmorphic disorder had an occupation or education in art or design, compared with 4% of the patients with major depressive episode, 3% of those with OCD, and 0% of those with PTSD. CONCLUSIONS: Onset of body dysmorphic disorder is usually gradual during adolescence, and an education in art and design may be a contributory factor to its development in some patients. An equally plausible explanation is that patients with body dysmorphic disorder tend to have an interest in aesthetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Abstract art and emotion: expressive form and the sense of wholeness.

This paper limits itself to abstract art the better to concentrate on the relation between the emotionally expressive power of esthetic form--apart from its narrative content--and emotional responsiveness. The emotionally expressive power of art--not to be confused with the artist's own emotions--has to do with the way sensuous esthetic forms highlight the rhythmic changes of tension and release inherent in ordinary perceptual experience. Tension and release are useful terms in thinking about how the perception of an esthetic structure is transformed (transduced) into feelingful psychological meanings, and contributes to the subjective sense of wholeness. The sense of wholeness may be illusory and/or authentic depending on the mix of elements in the individual's responsiveness. It comes about through a unified organization of tension and release, as embodied in expressive forms such as rhythm and rhyme, resonating with tension and release evoked in the observer's associations to such psychological issues as separation and reunion. Having stirred the viewer's emotional responsiveness, the art work provides a reliable "container" for the objectification of latent emotions.

Art↗
PubMed1998

The clergy and art therapy.

Defines the professional minister as subject to confining social attitudes and expectations. Posits clergy as good candidates for art therapy. Reports on a small pilot study that field tested a curriculum exploring the relationship between preaching and mental health and made use of several art activities. Uses results of this study to illustrate art therapy's potential to free clergy for authentic expression and to explore the potential and the problems posed by clergy as a target group for additional research.

Art Therapy↗
PubMed2006

Effects of an art-based curriculum on clinical trials attitudes and breast cancer prevention knowledge.

Although Latinos now comprise the largest minority in the U.S. population, they continue to be seriously underrepresented in clinical trials. A nonrandomized controlled study of an innovative community-developed clinical trial and breast cancer education program targeting Latinas tested whether use of an art-based curriculum could increase willingness to enroll in six clinical trial scenarios and increase breast health and clinical trial knowledge. The art-based curriculum resulted in a larger increase in stated willingness to enroll across all clinical trial scenarios, and the difference was statistically significant (p<.05) in three. Breast health and clinical trials knowledge increased similarly and significantly for both groups. The results of this study show promise for the use of a community-developed art-based curriculum in the Latina population to increase willingness to enroll in clinical trials.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Visual art therapy's unique contribution in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorders.

This paper describes visual art therapy as an integrative and unique approach, which is most appropriate for the multidimensional treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The unique contribution of visual art therapy in the treatment of PTSD is expressed in three major areas: (1) working on traumatic memories, (2) the process of symbolization-integration, and (3) containment, transference and countertransference. Two case descriptions of traumatized patients treated in visual art therapy are presented.

Art Therapy↗
PubMed2006

Art educators report grades at which they teach 11 drawing concepts.

The purpose of this study was to solicit information about the applicability of 11 basic perceptual concepts for instruction in drawing to students in Kindergarten through Grade 12. The study is based on responses to a national survey of 750 art educators, 250 in elementary, 250 in middle, and 250 in high school teaching assignments. Among these, 87% were female, 8% were 20 to 29 years old, 15% were 30 to 39 years, 48% were 40 to 49 years, 27% were 50 to 59 years, and 2% were 60 years or older. As few as 35.5% to as many as 48.7% (per concept) of the art educators reported that they teach each of the 11 concepts in elementary grades. Also, from 33.3% to 38.4% (per concept) of these teachers indicated that they stop teaching the 11 target concepts to students in high school. Empirical evidence from psychologists suggested that children gain comprehension of the concepts at differing points in their development. Were art educators employing the information identified by psychological research, their reports might have presented clear distinctions between grades at which each of the 11 concepts are taught. The results are interpreted in light of five possible explanations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Field independence and art achievement in meditating and nonmeditating college students.

Research has confirmed that cognitive style is associated with the art skills of children and adolescents; such an association has not been reported for practicing artists. In this study for a volunteer group of 47 B.A. and B.F.A. art students from two universities, scores on field independence were positively correlated .24 with grade point average and .29 with self-perceived artistic ability. The findings also suggest the practice of meditation may enhance field independence in college art students.

Achievement↗
PubMed2004

Myers-Briggs personality types of art collectors.

27 art collectors (13 men, 14 women) completed the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Their age range was 37 to 86 years and the mean 59.5 yr. Seventy percent were classified as Intuition types instead of Sensation types (versus its 25% incidence in the general population). This corresponds to personality profiles of artists and the disproportionately high incidence of high scores on the related Openness to Experience factor in studies of creative personalities, thereby supporting the contention that persons creating art and appreciating art have personality traits in common.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A creative art centre for adults with developmental disabilities.

An art centre for adults with developmental disabilities is described, and its origins and dissemination are presented. Differences between such art centres and more traditional work-oriented programmes for people with developmental disabilities are indicated. The number of similar art centres for this population has increased substantially during the past 20 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Martial arts injuries.

In the United States, approximately 1.5 million to 2 million persons practice the martial arts. It is the general belief that martial arts are safe, with little thought given to the physical forces involved. Some enthusiasts gravitate to the martial arts to learn self-defense, whereas others participate to improve cardiovascular fitness, flexibility, and self-esteem. Some join for the structured exercise programs, whereas others desire the artistic expression or have a need to compete. Injuries involve the head and neck region, trunk, and extremities. Soft tissue trauma, hematomas, and lacerations are some of the most common injuries. Occasionally fractures occur, most often involving the hands and digits. The neurosurgical literature indicates that wearing headgear increases the shearing injury to nerve fibers and neurons in the brain in proportion to the degree of acceleration to the head. Three case presentations illustrate death resulting from anterior chest trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Art therapy: a unique alternative for healing.

This article focuses on three aspects of art therapy. By defining the parameters of the field and outlining its possibilities in treatment, the author discusses the populations who can benefit from art therapy and why. The implications of introducing an art-therapy program to a health care facility are also discussed, as are ways of minimizing problems and promoting support among staff.

Art Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Art project: painting a picture of care.

What has art got to do with treating patients? is a question often asked by administrators. Pauline Drummond has visited Manchester Hospitals Art Project where she found an enthusiastic team which aims to bring to patients the therapeutic quality of art.

Art Therapy↗
PubMed1999

Physiologic study of pressure point techniques used in the martial arts.

BACKGROUND: Study physiologic changes occurring during "knockouts" produced by application of pressure point techniques during martial arts demonstrations. METHODS EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: prospective analysis of physiologic variables during and immediately following an acute event. SETTING: martial arts demonstration carried out at a medical center hospital. SUBJECTS: 12 normal volunteers participating in a martial arts demonstration. INTERVENTIONS: application of various pressure point techniques that have been observed to produce states of unresponsiveness in volunteers. MEASURES: continuous ECG and video/EEG monitoring with measurements of blood pressure and oxygen saturation. Qualitative analysis of EEG and ECG recordings and quantitative comparison of heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation measurements before during and after the period of induced unconsciousness. RESULTS: No significant changes in blood pressure, oxygen saturation, cardiac rate or rhythm, or electroencephalogram are noted during the knockouts produced by application of pressure point techniques. There was only variable inability for subjects to remember words spoken to them during the episode of apparent unresponsiveness. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanism for the state of unresponsiveness produced by application of pressure point techniques is not related to a significant cardiac or pulmonary process. There is no evidence of reduced cerebral blood flow during this time or of other dangerous physiologic changes. The exact mechanism for this phenomenon remains uncertain.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The endemic goitre in figurative arts].

For the past fifteen years the author has been collecting photografic documentation of works of figurative arts (graffiti, mosiac, engravings, paintings and sculptures) made at different times and places, in which he found mostly unintentional display of diseases or deformities that would be clearly identified in nosography in the light of today's knowledge. In this study the author intends to illustrate briefly different cases on endemic goitre - whose representation is particularly frequent in figurative arts - in chronological order, beginning with the most ancient ones and focussing on Italian portraying of the Nativity and the Passion of Christ, where the most striking infirmities and disabilities were mirrored and commonly accepted. This study whose interest lies between a scientific and a humanistic one has also importance in the field of art, and especially in relevant philological research which is of particular importance to us pathologists. At last it contribute to establish the epidemiology of some diseases and the knowledge of historical and geographical pathology.

Goiter, Endemic↗
PubMed2001

An effective approach to violence prevention: traditional martial arts in middle school.

This study replicated and extended the design and outcome measures of several small studies. In these studies, juveniles at high risk for violence and delinquency showed decreased violence and positive changes in psychological risk factors after being required to take a school-linked course in traditional martial arts. In the present study, 60 boys in a large urban middle school were required to take a traditional martial arts course in their school. They were paired on problematic behavior profiles and assigned to a treatment group or to a wait-list control group. Thirty classes, three per week (45 minutes each), were taught by a master of Koga Ha Kosho Shorei Ryu Kempo and his assistant (neither was a public school teacher). Results are reported here for 14 variables from the following measures: four teacher rating scales from the Sutter-Eyberg Student Behavior Inventory, five self-report scales of the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale, four computerized measures of attentional self-control from the Intermediate Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test, and a count of permanent expulsions from school. The treatment students improved over baseline on 12 variables, while the controls improved on 5 by small amounts and deteriorated from baseline on 8, including teacher-rated violence. There were significant differences between the groups on self-reported happiness and schoolwork and on one measure of attention. After controls took the course, their scores resembled the postcourse scores of the treatment group. Importantly, the control group's increase in teacher-rated violence was reversed. Both groups were then pooled to compare baseline and postcourse teacher ratings. Their scores improved significantly in the areas of resistance to rules, impulsiveness, and inappropriate social behavior. There was also improvement in regard to violence, but the change in scores was not statistically significant. Follow-up on teachers' ratings showed that improvement remained, and in some cases increased, four months after completion of the course. Interestingly, all 6 permanent expulsions were among the control group students who had not yet taken, or had only begun taking, the martial arts course.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Art nouveau: pharmacy shops in Nancy].

At the beginning of the 20th century, an important artistic activity develops in Nancy. The "Ecole de Nancy" transforms a provincial city into one of the metropolis of "Art Nouveau". The pharmacists participate at the activity of their town and eight of them choose the new style for their pharmacy. In 1902, Rosfelder is the first to modify his shop, and later, Jacques, Delidon, Mouzin, Godfrin brothers, Monal and Fandre, before, during and after the First World War, have a same step. For the ornament, the artists use plants derived from local medicinal flora. "Art Nouveau", adept of curves, appears to be ideal to symbolize vegetable kingdom. In these pharmacy shops, fine arts join materia medica.

France↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gila Regional Medical Center doubles as art gallery. Open house marks southwestern New Mexico hospital's expansion.

Gila Regional Medical Center, Silver City, N.M., is home to a unique kind of art gallery. Though the small town boasts 30 art galleries, one more was added when the newly expanded and renovated hospital opened its doors to the public in February. More than 100 pieces of loaned art estimated to be worth more than $12,000 are on exhibit, in an effort to create a more healing atmosphere for the hospital.

Art↗
PubMed2005

The speech of reality and the speech of the stage: life, science and art.

Word is the most frequent way of communication in the human experience. As a mean of communication it influences the sentence formulation, which ought to be the autochthonous expression of thoughts. The experience teaches us that it is necessary to be a sovereign master of our own thoughts and of sentiments of others. This is one of the fundamental postulates of the communication in the word category. To speak correctly means to think correctly and that, on the other hand, means in the grammatical, lexical and stylistic aspect to be able to create a sentence as a way of getting across the thoughts, ideas and contents of the spirit. The community mentality, the person's characteristics (the temper, the type and the intensity), the education level, the range of the knowledge and the volume of their potentially creative synthesis determine the lexical richness and the amplitude of the use and the application of the language with the aim of establishing a high quality communication with words as a basic mean of that process. Within this context a word has its impressive and expressive dimensions. Its impressive dimension is created by the common reliance on the frequency of the use of some lexical possibilities and their variations. It is an individual characteristic of the spoken and the written output of every person and it also determines the singularities of a person's style, to that extent that it helps to detect the author of a text with a high percentage of accuracy even in the cases where the author is unknown. The expressive value of a word denotes the author's level of thinking depending on the situation in which he uses the words to express his thoughts. In this sense the word is chosen with a different approach for the communication on a friendly or intimate level from an approach used in a communication on the official level or in a relation between the individual and the public. All this affirms the word as a mean that is individually chosen and used for the expression of the speaker's ideas, attitudes and points of view in the communication process, which reveals the characteristics and the speaker's level in all the named aspects of the word value assessment. In the case of evaluation., of the word through the experience of the on-stage speech, that is, the words in the experience of the theatre art, the approach to the value assessment is contrary to the assessment carried out in an everyday, real experience. In the artistic language the words are already given, the sentences are formulated and all this is determined by the author's will and the act of creation. The actor is the interpreter of the author, his ideas along with the characters of the protagonists and the spirit of the action and, therefore, he must gradually master the word to the extent where it seems spontaneous from the point of view of the impressive and expressive categories. It also has to sound similar to the natural speech and its suggestive influence. With this counter-natural direction of the treatment of the given word it is important to reach the level of spontaneity of the expression to an almost documentary form in the overall verbal-scenic-mimic articulation. In this process the life and the art mesh and the art illustrates and defends the life.

Activities of Daily Living↗