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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Antimicrobial activity of antiseptics].

In the study, the antimicrobial activities of 7.5% povidone-iodine, 4% chlorhexidine gluconate, 1.5% chlorhexidine gluconate, 1.5% chlorhexidine gluconate with cetrimide mixture, 10% benzalconium chloride, dust detergent and soap as well as changes in activity in due course of time have been investigated. It has been observed that the effect of germicides on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae and Candida strains increased in time. Soap had no germicidal effect. The difference between the of antiseptics on the residuent flora of the hands immediately and those two hours later was found to be statistically insignificant.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of Furacillin antiseptic tablets on dental plaque].

According to the modern concepts the ideal oral hygiene is decisive for the prophylaxis of caries and periodontal diseasese. However, its realization is not easy since dental plaque rapidly and ceaslessly cumulates upon all dental surfaces and is difficult to remove by the ordinary means for oral hygiene (tooth brush and tooth paste). Lately hope is centered on the antiseptics, being the base of various preparations as solutions for mouth wash for inhibition of dental plaque. The action of Furacillin tablets on the dental plaque was studied in 10 volunteers with sanated dentition, with on diseases of gingiva and periodontium. The probands sucked one tablet every three hours (6 tablets daily) in the course of 5 days with interrupted oral-hygienic cares. Dentalplaque was controlled by the oral higienic index of the whole dentition daily, after staining with 1 per cent alkaline fuxin. Probands, left on an ahygienic regimen for 5 days served as a control. The results from the study show an essential inhibitory effect of the tablets on trial upon the dental plaque and the possibilities to use the tablets for some patient groups with restrictions as regards the maintenance of oral hygiene via the ordinary means.

Dental Plaque↗
PubMed1987

[Use of the MS2 automated system in the determination of the activity of 5 antiseptic drugs: quality control].

The study of growth curves of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus in presence of five antiseptics, established using a MS2 Abbott system is presented. From our results, the advantages of automation after the adaptation of the method for the determination of bactericidal properties are examined. This technique may be proposed for the quality control of such drugs.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1978

[Focalized irrigation-lavage and sequential use of a new antiseptic by local and general route. Preliminary report apropos of 2 cases of suppurative pancreatic necrosis].

In view of the severe course seen in the presence of any suppurated pancreatic necrosis, it was felt to be of value to treat two patients by the adjuvant use of a new antiseptic tauroline, administered locally and, where appropriate, systemically. After surgical excision of pancreatic and peripancreatic necrotic tissue, the authors prefer to avoid active suction drainage of the residual pocket, replacing it by continuous and prolonged post-operative irrigation-lavage, together with the sequential, twice-daily use of a solution of 2 p. 100 tauroline. In view of the presence of a Gram negative septicemia (organisms identical to those of the suppurated area), the same substance was given by intravenous infusion in a 0.5 p. 100 solution, this being the only systemic, anti-infectious therapy. The effectiveness, good tolerance and originality of this new substance, active against Gram negative, Gram positive, aerobic and anaerobic organisms as well as yeast, have led the authors to immediately report their initial experience with its use.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

[In vitro release of lipopolysaccharide in Escherichia coli by addition of antiseptic and disinfectant products].

Release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by E. coli following addition of antiseptics and disinfectants was investigated using the Limulus test. The five following compounds were studied: glutaraldehyde (cidex 2%), chlorhexidine 0.05%, povidone iodine 5%, aqueous formol 37%, and cetavlon 20%. These compounds were used in concentrations 2 to 4 times greater than the previously determined minimal inhibitory concentrations. LPS concentration falls sharply following addition of glutaraldehyde (cidex) to a suspension of E. coli (approximately 10(6)/ml). Released LPS is completely inhibited by formol and cetavlon. In contrast, high levels of LPS persist in the presence of chlorhexidine and povidone iodine. These results illustrate the need for thoroughly and generously washing all non-autoclavable equipment exposed to these chemical agents.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1979

Effects of cooling and intraluminally administered antiseptics on surgically induced ischemia of the intestine in dogs.

The efficacy of surface cooling and intraluminal antiseptic solutions for short term preservation of intestinal segments in preparation for free tissue transfer were investigated. Five segments of the small intestine and five segments of the colon were allocated to each group as follows: group 1, ischemia at 37 degrees C.; group 2, ischemia at 6 to 12 degrees C., and group 3, ischemia at 6 to 12 degrees C. plus povidone-iodine intraluminally. Histologic grading of segments allowed assessment of the efficacy of short term protection against ischemic changes. Surface cooling effectively prevented histologic evidence of ischemia. No additional benefit was observed using povidone-iodine intraluminally. Significant changes in tissue water content and evidence of bacterial invasion were not observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Topical antiseptics in addition to peroperative antibiotics in preventing post-appendicectomy wound infections.

The effect of using topical povidone-iodine spray in addition to a single dose of intravenous metronidazole was studied in a clinical trial involving 200 patients undergoing appendicectomy. Despite the metronidazole, patients with perforated or gangrenous appendices still had an unacceptably high rate of wound infection. Overall, no benefit resulted from the addition of the povidone-iodine spray. Sub-dividing the patients according to the macroscopic state of the appendix, the degree of bacterial contamination of the operative wound or the depth of subcutaneous fat also failed to reveal any advantage gained by using the antiseptic.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

[Comparison of 2 antiseptic soaps used for preoperative showers].

This study was carried out in cardiovascular surgery wards and a single operating room. Two different antiseptic scrubs, A and B, were used for two showers given 48 and 24 hours respectively prior to surgery. A scrub (chlorhexidine digluconate 40 mg/ml) was used in 61 patients and B scrub (benzalkonium chloride 5 mg/ml) in 52, for a total of 113 participants. Clinical and bacteriological evaluations show statistically significant superiority of A scrub.

Antisepsis↗
PubMed1984

[In vitro virucidal activity of antiseptics and disinfectants. I. Draft of the AFNOR virucidal activity standard].

An antiseptic (ATS) or disinfectant (DSF) is defined as virucidal if it produces a 10 000-fold (4 log) or greater reduction in the number of infective units (IU) of three viral species (Sabin type I poliovirus, type 5 adenovirus, and vaccinia virus) and three E. coli bacteriophages (MS2, T2 and phi X174). and three E. coli bacteriophages (MS2, T2 and phi X174). Preliminary trials produce viral suspensions at concentrations of 10(6) to 10(9) IU/ml, and determine the subtoxic dilution "d" of the tested agent, susceptibility of treated cells to the viral infection, and antiviral activity termination dilution "D". Actual trials may be performed with one of three methods: simple dilution, dilution-ultrafiltration-reconcentration, or gel column filtration. With these techniques, virucidal activity can be determined after a set time of contact (15 to 60 mn) at a given temperature (21 degrees C or 37 degrees C) by titrating the viral suspension after elimination or neutralization of the ATS or DSF.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1984

[Multicenter study in actual situations of the activity of an antiseptic in the surgical washing of hands].

Results of a collaborative study carried out in three different hospitals by nine surgeons are reported. Activity of a new scrub applied according to a standardized protocol was compared with that of the different scrubs and/or antiseptics customarily used by participating surgeons with their habitual method. Activity of products was evaluated by bacterial counts in gloves. Statistical analysis of results demonstrates the value of this trial design which compares scrubs under real conditions of use.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1984

[In vitro virucidal activity of antiseptics and disinfectants. III. Dilution-ultrafiltration-reconcentration technic].

The method for in vitro investigation of virucidal activity of antiseptics (ATS) of disinfectants (DSF) using dilution-ultrafiltration-reconcentration includes two phases following contact of the virus with ATS or DSF: termination of antiviral activity by sudden cold dilution, and one or more filtrations on an immersible molecule separator designed to bring the tested agent's concentration below the cytotoxic level and to reconcentrate the treated viral suspension. Advantages of this technique are the following: precision of time of contact between virus and ATS or DSF, reconcentration of the viral suspension which partly offsets the termination dilution, relative simplicity, and study of true virucidal activity. Drawbacks are: inappropriateness for some agents such as povidone-iodine, and, in some instances, unreliability of immersible separators. Apart for those obtained with povidone-iodine, results are comparable to those yielded by simple dilution or gel filtration, particularly for glutaraldehyde, chlorhexidine and noxythiolin.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1982

[Therapy of acute diseases of the upper airway. Comparison of 2 antiseptic pharyngeal sprays in otorhinolaryngologic practice].

100 out-patients with subacute or acute stages of pharyngitis, tonsillitis, pharyngotonsillitis or angina participated in a randomized 3 day trial on antiseptic mouth-sprays comparing one containing a combination of chlorhexidine, tramazoline and aluminiumtrilactate with one containing only hexetidine. At the beginning of therapy and 3 days afterwards the local symptoms rubor and tumefaction of the throat, dysphagia, fur, swelling and tenderness of the cervical superficial lymph nodes were classified according to a graded scale. Using the combination these symptoms were markedly improved in 34 patients, improved in 7; 8 showed no alteration and one patient showed a deterioration (n = 50). With the monosubstance 18 patients showed good improvement, 11 an improvement, 17 no change and 3 patients a deterioration (n = 49), one patient needed penicillin-treatment during the trial. Under treatment with the combination the symptoms rubor and tumefaction of the throat showed a significant better improvement. The possible role played by a vasodilator are discussed.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1981

The treatment of peritonitis by an antiseptic - taurolin.

An open study was carried out on patients with acute appendicitis to assess the effectiveness of taurolin, a new antiseptic which destroys both bacteria and endotoxin, when used intraperitoneally in cases of purulent peritonitis associated with perforated or gangrenous appendicitis. Seventy-four out of 319 patients received taurolin; the others were treated by operation only or by operation and antibiotics as required. The results suggest that taurolin was effective as monotherapy in peritonitis and endotoxic shock and its use avoids the problems associated with antibiotics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Choice of antiseptics for use in footbaths for cattle (author's transl)].

Eight antiseptics to be used in footbaths for cattle, were compared : formol, cuprum sulphate, formol associated with cuprum sulphate, Javel water, Crésyl and some other products more recently introduced into practice. For each one, evolution of antibacterial activity connected with utilization on animals, moistening power and possible injury caused were observed. The best results have been obtained with formol, formol associated with cuprum sulphate and Cresyl which have exhibited persistent high level antibacterial activity without related injury in spite of numerous applications. On the other hand, weak organic matter resistance which seems to characterize Javel water, synthetic phenols, amphoteric amino acids and iodophores makes them unsuitable for use in footbaths.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Comparative study of the in vitro- and vivo- antimicrobial activity of seven antiseptic solutions for use on surgeon's hands (author's transl)].

The antibacterial activity of 7 antiseptic solutions has been studied both "in vitro en in vivo". The results obtained in both case were necessary and complementary since some products (e. g. Solubacter) show an irregular activity either "in vitro or in vivo" but show specific actions which can explain those result. Others (e. g. Betadine scrub), very active in vitro react slowly in vivo. The 3 solutions that have been shown to be the most antibacterial in both cases are 90 degrees alcohol. Remanol and Hibiscrub. Their efficacy has been shown to be fast, regular and relatively long lasting.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1995

Newborn conjunctivitis associated with triclosan 0.5% antiseptic intrinsically contaminated with Serratia marcescens.

In February 1994, three cases of conjunctivitis with Serratia marcescens occurred in infants in the newborn nursery. An epidemiological investigation was conducted including environmental sampling. S marcescens was isolated from the bottle of triclosan 0.5% antiseptic soap that was in use in the nursery and from an unopened bottle on the pharmacy shelf. The manufacturer confirmed that this contaminant was dislodged from the air purification system during a filter change while the packaging was being completed in an adjoining room. The product was withdrawn from use in the nursery and replaced by individual bar soap. No further cases of infection with S marcescens have been identified following the withdrawal of the triclosan 0.5% soap.

Conjunctivitis, Bacterial↗
PubMed1995

Use of antiseptics and disinfectants in Thailand 1990.

A survey by questionnaire was done in March and April 1990 on the use of antiseptics and disinfectants (A/D). Twenty-seven hospitals with 675 wards were enrolled. Results showed that the cost of A/D was 3.3 to 8.1 per cent of the total expenses for drugs. Essential A/D were available and used in most places. Many low level A/D, which have been excluded from modern hospitals, were still employed. Contamination of A/D was a real threat due to improper preparation, unclean containers and refill practices in many wards. Improper applications of A/D, namely: overuse, underuse, and wrong choices were found in many places. Textbooks and written guidelines were available but it is unlikely that they were referred to in practice. A national policy on the use of A/D and proper education to medical personnel are clearly needed.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗