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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Persistence of carbadox-induced adrenal lesions in pigs following drug withdrawal and recovery of aldosterone plasma concentrations.

This study was performed to investigate the persistence of carbadox-induced adrenal lesions in pigs after withdrawal of the drug. Six groups (N = 13) received 0 (control group), 25, 50, 100 and 200 ppm carbadox. After 10 weeks, carbadox was withdrawn from the feed. Five and 11 weeks after withdrawal, two pigs per group were necropsied and the adrenals were examined histologically. Five weeks after withdrawal, recovery of lesions was seen in the 25 and 50 ppm groups. In the 100 and 150 ppm groups, adrenal changes were still present. After 11 weeks an incomplete recovery occurred in the 100 ppm group and in one of the pigs from the 150 ppm group; the second pig of this group still demonstrated moderate changes. Pigs from the 200 ppm group showed severe changes and absence of a clear zonal differentiation. Plasma aldosterone values started to recover 2 weeks after withdrawal of carbadox. Histological examination suggested stimulation of the aldosterone-producing glomerular zone, eventually resulting in regressive changes. The mechanisms that possibly induced this continuous stimulation are discussed.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1982

[Radiologic differential diagnosis of adrenal gland cysts].

Cystic diseases of the adrenal glands, which were thought to be rare, are being found more frequently nowadays by means of sonography and computer tomography. Our experience of fifteen cases is reported; of these, ten were confirmed at operation. Contrary to expectations based on the relevant literature, only one of the operated cases proved to be an endothelial cyst of lymphangiomatous origin. All other patients had pseudo-cysts of the adrenals. These are due to bleeding into a normal or tumour-containing gland. About one quarter of the pseudo cysts showed circular calcification on the plain films, although the incidence of this is given as 8-15% in the literature. The cystic nature of these lesions can be readily demonstrated by ultrasound or CT. The latter also provided information concerning the wall of the cyst and of the remaining adrenal tissue. An aspiration biopsy of the cyst can be carried out under ultrasound or CT control; cytological examination will confirm the benign nature of the lesion. A benign lesion without symptoms requires no further diagnostic or therapeutic measures. If there is hypertension, as may occur with a cystic phäeochromocytoma or lymphangioma, angiography is still indicated. Hormone assays are possible following catheterisation of the vena cava combined with adrenal phlebography. The origin and extent of a malignant pseudo-cyst can be demonstrated by arteriography, if this information is lacking following CT.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1983

Adrenal hemorrhage in the newborn.

Massive adrenal hemorrhage of the newborn is a rare phenomenon. The pathogenesis is still unclear; massive hemorrhage has been observed in newborns after difficult and prolonged deliveries or placental bleeding, and in small prematures with intrapartum anoxia. The authors report a newborn operated on the fifth day of life after its general condition had deteriorated progressively. A retroperitoneal hematoma had formed subsequent to rupture of one suprarenal gland. After surgical removal of the hematoma, the child recovered fully.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1976

Histochemical and ultrastructural studies of calcification in the kidneys and the adrenal glands of rats and baboons fed a nephrocalcinogenic diet.

Long-term feeding experiments were conducted with young rats and young baboons (Papio ursinus). The effects of wxperimental diets, unbalanced in respect of magnesium and phosphorus, on the structural and ultrastructural appearance of the kidneys and the adrenals, were compared with those of a control diet. It was found, firstly, that in both species feeding of the unbalanced diets resulted in the formation of calcified structures in the kidneys and, secondly, that the formation of calcified structures in the kidneys had been initiated in different ways in the two species, viz. in the rat in the tubular epithelial cells and in the baboon in invading globule leucocytes. Thirdly, in the baboons fed on the unbalanced diet, calcified structures were found in the endothelial cells of the sinusoids of the adrenal cortex, while no calcification was evident in the adrenals of the rats fed on the unbalanced diet.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1997

[Cytology of renal and adrenal gland masses in adults].

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) of renal masses and adrenal glands don't really differ from FNA of other sites. Nevertheless, only few series have been published on this subject, and surgery remains the most conventional attitude after the clinical and radiological diagnosis of a mass. The aim of this "lesson" is to demonstrate that this technique is accurate for kidneys and adrenal glands too.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1982

Incidental asymptomatic adrenal masses detected by computed tomographic scanning. Is operation required?

Until recently, adrenal masses came to clinical attention either from local symptoms due to massive enlargement or from manifestations of excess hormones production. During the last year, an adrenal mass was identified as an incidental finding in nine patients undergoing abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scanning for unrelated problems. These five men and four women ranged in age from 41 to 73 years. Eight were hypertensive. After the CT scan, each was evaluated for catecholamine or steroid hypersecretion. Only one had clearly elevated urinary vanillylmandelic acid, metanephrine, and catecholamine levels. Equivocal evidence of catecholamine excess was seen in five patients who had slight elevation of one urinary metabolite or of plasma epinephrine or norepinephrine levels. Three patients had no evidence of medullary or cortical hyperfunction on repeated testing. Eight patients were good operative risks and underwent unilateral adrenalectomy without complication. Masses ranging in size from 1 to 4 cm were found in each. These included four cortical adenomas, two adrenal cysts, one adrenal lipoma, and one pheochromocytoma. The pheochromocytoma occurred in the patient with strong biochemical evidence of disease. With wider application of CT imaging, increasing numbers of asymptomatic adrenal masses will be detected. Care in interpreting the clinical significance of these masses and caution in recommending treatment are required.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2002

[Arterial hypertension secondary to curable causes in adults].

EXTENSIVE AND COSTLY INVESTIGATIONS: Are not warranted in the vast majority of hypertensive patients. Characteristics identifying the patients at risk for secondary hypertension can be used to define the small percentage of patients with hypertension who require more extensive diagnostic testing and management of their condition. Exposure to certain medicines, foods or drugs may cause reversible rises in blood pressure. Renovascular and adrenal diseases cause curable forms of hypertension. IN MANY CASES, THE PATIENT'S HISTORY: Examination and simple tests can detect such exposures and disorders. Checking for secondary hypertension is therefore an early step required for the management of all patients with hypertension, provided it is based on clinical signs and inexpensive tests. This primary screening cannot exclude the possibility of renovascular or adrenal disease in a small number of asymptomatic patients. The risk of missing a diagnosis is acceptable provided that blood pressure is normalized by non-specific antihypertensive treatment. However, more extensive etiologic investigation is required in patients who subsequently develop resistant hypertension. This secondary screening requires imaging and biochemical tests that are not required for primary screening. CORRECTION OF THE CAUSES: Of secondary forms of hypertension may restore blood pressure to normal. The patient's age affects the reversibility of renovascular and adrenal hypertension after etiologic treatment: the younger the patient, the higher the probability of blood pressure normalization.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2002

Actinomycosis imitating an adrenal tumor.

Abdominal actinomycosis is a rare condition that may mimic malignant disease. The authors report a case of adrenal actinomycosis discovered incidentally by computed tomography scan of the abdomen. Frozen sections and culture of the mass were consistent with actinomycosis. The diagnosis and management of actinomycosis is discussed in detail.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1989

Plasma cell granuloma of the adrenal gland and the thyroid: report of two cases.

The clinicopathologic features of two rare cases of plasma cell granuloma of the endocrine glands are described and compared with extrapulmonary cases reported in the literature. One was localized in the adrenal gland and was revealed by amenorrhea and a large inflammatory syndrome; it is the first case reported to our knowledge. The other case developed in the thyroid, was asymptomatic, and represents the third case in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

From laparoscopic training on an animal model to retroperitoneoscopic or coelioscopic adrenal and renal surgery in human.

So far, laparoscopic approaches to kidney and adrenal have been limited because of their retroperitoneal location. We here report eight renal and adrenal endoscopic procedures performed in seven patients: two adrenalectomies for hyperaldosteronism, one adrenalectomy for isolated metastasis from an adenocarcinoma of the lung; two nephrectomies for end-stage infected hydronephrosis, two partial nephrectomies for small circumscribed lesions of the kidney, and one endoscopic resection for pain relief of a voluminous cyst at the kidney. The approach was transperitoneal in two cases and retroperitoneal in five cases using the retropneumoperitoneum insufflation technique. One patient was operated by a combined approach using the retro- and transperitoneal routes. All procedures were successfully completed endoscopically. The retroperitoneoscopic approach of the kidney is safe and does not interfere with the peritoneal organs. Its working space is tenuous, but allows a direct access on the kidney with good exposure of its pedicle. For adrenal surgery, the retroperitoneoscopic dissection is more difficult, because movements of instruments are often impaired by the closeness of the costal margin and the iliac crest. However, in case of difficulties we found it very convenient to switch from a retroperitoneal endoscopic approach to a combined coelioscopic and retroperitoneoscopic operation. Far from excluding each other, both approaches are complementary, particularly for difficult situations (i.e., previous peritoneal or retroperitoneal surgery).

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1999

Genitourinary MR: kidneys and adrenal glands.

Due to its high tissue contrast and multiplanar imaging capabilities, MRI provides a detailed display of renal and adrenal anatomy. Recent technical developments overcoming the problem of respiration induced motion artifacts and the use of paramagnetic contrast agents have further improved the performance of MRI which has now evolved as an alternative or complementary imaging modality to ultrasound, excretory urography and computed tomography. Dynamic contrast-enhanced studies will usually allow to detect even small enhancing solid areas within the cyst wall. Use of a fast (turbo) spoiled gradient echo sequence allows for assessment of contrast enhancement dynamics in renal and adrenal masses. For tumor staging, the multiplanar imaging capabilities of MRI are advantageous. Perinephric extent is best detected using opposed-phase GRE images resulting in an artificial accentuation of renal contours. Extension into venous structures is best diagnosed by using a GRE sequence allowing for distinction between flowing blood and tumor thrombus. Noninvasive differentiation of adrenal lesions can be performed with an unprecedented accuracy using chemical-shift imaging.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗