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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Analysis of tooth movement into an extraction space in the rat.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amplitude, direction and nature (translation or rotation) of the movements of teeth bordering an extraction site. Two experimental approaches were used. In one series of experiments, second maxillary molars were removed in 10 anaesthetized rats. To allow precise measurements of tooth movement into the extraction space, small cavities were drilled in the proximal surfaces of the first and third molars facing the gap. An elastomer impression was taken and the distance between the two cavities was recorded. This measurement was repeated 1, 2 and 3 months later. After killing the rats, the skulls were dried. The direction of movement was observed on occlusal photographs, and lateral X-rays were used to evaluate the nature of the drift (translation or rotation) observed. To evaluate the impact of occlusal forces on the tooth movements, a second experimental system was used in which the antagonistic occlusal contacts on the test side were removed (12 rats). In the first experiments, the average reduction of the extraction gap was 40.7 +/- 1.8% of the initial value, and in the second experiment, 44.7 +/- 3.3%. In both experimental systems the movement was derived largely from a mesial drift of the third molar, and its rate decreased with time. Furthermore, the drift of the third molar comprised one-third rotation and two-thirds translation. Student's t-test showed no influence of occlusal forces on the tooth movements.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1983

A six-year follow-up study of 155 children with cleft lip and palate.

A total of 155 consecutive cases from three "Six-year-old follow-up clinics" have been reviewed to assess the speech results in boys and girls with cleft lip and palate belonging to Group II (complete labio-palatal clefts) and Group III (varying degrees of posterior median clefts of the palate). Clinical examination and assessment of speech was supplemented by X-ray-video assessment and the findings showed a good degree of correlation. The speech results between Group II and III and between the sexes are compared. Finally the extent of bone formation in the alveolar cleft was studied radiologically in 61 children with Group II clefts. Bone formation was present in 43 children, in 38 of whom a tooth had migrated into bone.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1975

Stressbreakers and the removable partial denture.

A laboratory study was designed to determine the effect of ""deactivation'' of stressbreakers on abutment tooth movement and ridge displacement. The Ticonium hidden-lock and the pin-Dalbo precision stressbreakers were tested. Results showed that ridge displacement was significantly decreased when the Dalbo was made rigid, and tooth movement was significantly decreased (during bilateral loading) when the hidden lock was made rigid.

Dental Abutments↗
PubMed1975

The paradoxes of fixed prosthodontics.

(1) The replacement of a missing tooth or teeth by a fixed prosthesis as a preventive device is a paradox. (2) When a missing tooth is replaced by a fixed prosthesis, iatrogenic problems may occur. (3) The problems caused by the fabrication of a fixed partial denture must be recognized and controlled by both the patient and dentist. (4) Concerning the prognosis of any particular fixed prosthesis, we can only predict, from experience, the longevity of the replacement. The acutal life of the replacement is dependent upon the proficiency used in the maintenance procedures and the ability of the dentist to reduce or minimize the iatrogenic factors inherent in any fixed bridge.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1977

The mandibular posterior fixed partial denture.

Absence of a mandibular posterior tooth, particularly the first molar, is the basic common denominator in a wide range of dental disorders. Despite their awareness of this fact, many dentists are deterred from the routine construction of mandibular posterior fixed partial dentures because of several technical difficulties. An attempt has been made to show how these difficulties may be overcome to give a predictable and satisfactory result.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1985

Drifting, tipping, supraeruption, and segmental alveolar bone growth.

Drifting, tipping, supraeruption, and segmental alveolar bone growth are the four major forms of nonorthodontic intraoral tooth movement. They may occur separately but usually occur in combination (Fig. 6). They can occur at any age but tend to be most devastating in their effects on the dentition of the young adult and the elderly. They may represent nonrestorable occlusal situations if combined and present in both arches. Clear diagnosis is therefore essential prior to the formulation of a treatment plan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Stereophotogrammetric analysis of abutment tooth movement in distal-extension removable partial dentures with intracoronal attachments and clasps.

This study applied the three-dimensional measurement technique of stereophotogrammetry to measure abutment tooth movement under occlusal loading as a function of intracoronal attachment and clasp design. Six distal-extension removable partial denture designs were studied: (1) RPI-mesial occlusal rest, proximal plate, buccal I-bar; (2) cast circumferential clasp; (3) P.D. locking semiprecision attachment; (4) Thompson dowel nonlocking semiprecision attachment; (5) McCollum precision attachment; and (6) Stern G/L precision attachment. The movement in microns was determined by computer analysis. The Thompson dowel semiprecision attachment generated the most abutment movement in a gingival direction. The clasp-retained designs generally had less total movement than the attachment designs. Clasps and attachments for the abutment teeth adjacent to the distal-extension bases generally moved more than the abutment teeth.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

Substance P immunoreactivity in periodontal tissues during orthodontic tooth movement.

Neurotransmitters, such as substance P (SP), may mediate the biological response to mechanical stress applied to teeth during orthodontic treatment. This hypothesis was investigated immunohistochemically on maxillae of cats which had one maxillary canine tipped distally for a period of time ranging from 1 h to 14 days. Horizontal histological sections 5 microns thick, collected on adhesive tape while still frozen, then freeze-dried, were stained by an immunoglobulin-enzyme bridge method using rabbit anti-SP polyclonal antibodies. The specificity of the staining was evaluated either by using the serum of non-immunized rabbits in lieu of anti-SP serum, or by pre-incubating the anti-SP serum with the antigen. Only sparse SP-like immunoreactivity was detected in the dental pulp, near or in the walls of blood vessels, or in the periodontal ligament (PDL) of unstressed canines. However, the density of neuronal elements exhibiting positive staining for SP appeared to increase markedly after application of an orthodontic force. This phenomenon occurred rapidly (3 h) in the dental pulp, but later in the PDL (24 h to 14 days), mainly at compression sites. These results demonstrate that the stimulation of periodontal nerve terminals by means of orthodontic forces may induce the peripheral release of the neurotransmitter SP, suggesting that it may be an initial trigger for a biochemical cascade which comprises the activation of various types of PDL cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Anterior maxillary advancement using tooth-supported distraction osteogenesis.

PURPOSE: This study used the principle of distraction osteogenesis to advance the anterior maxilla of the dog using a totally tooth-supported distraction device. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After an anterior maxillary osteotomy, the distraction device was activated 0.5 mm every 12 hours to advance the anterior segment 10 mm in 10 days. RESULTS: Serial tooth and radiographic measurements indicated that on the 10th day the average tooth advancement was 8.4 mm +/- 1.5 mm and the average skeletal advancement was 4.0 mm +/- 1.5 mm. After 6 weeks the average tooth advancement was 7.2 +/- 1.6 mm and the average skeletal advancement was 3 +/- 1.3 mm. At 3 months the tooth advancement was 6.2 +/- 1.5 mm and at 6 months the tooth advancement was 5.0 +/- 1.1 mm. Bone healing was present in all animals. CONCLUSION: This results of this study indicate that a tooth-borne maxillary distraction device will result in significantly greater dental movement than skeletal movement and that skeletal fixation may be needed for appliances used to advance the maxilla.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Stability of the LeFort I one-piece maxillary osteotomy.

The purpose of this study was to determine retrospectively the stability of the LeFort I osteotomy after one-piece maxillary impaction and wire fixation. Cephalograms of 31 patients were evaluated before surgery, immediately after surgery, in fixation, and postfixation. All subjects had characteristics of excessive vertical maxillary growth. Descriptive statistics for the absolute and relative changes of the various linear and angular parameters were calculated for the different stages. The analysis of variance general linear models procedure was used to compare the repeated measures of the total sample. From the present findings, it was concluded that (1) after the initial surgical superior repositioning, the maxilla continued to move superiorly and most of the upward movement occurred during fixation, (2) the anterior part of the maxilla moved superiorly more than twice that of the posterior part of the maxilla, (3) maxillary superior dental movement exceeded maxillary superior skeletal movement, and (4) maxillary horizontal skeletal movement exceeded maxillary horizontal dental movement. The clinical significance of the findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Adaptability of the adult primate craniofacial complex to asymmetrical lateral forces.

The adaptability of the adult craniofacial skeleton to altered functional relationships has been reported. An experimental quantification of these changes is lacking, however, and the possible underlying mechanisms of the alterations have not been explained. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect that lateral displacement of the mandible has on the dentoalveolar, craniofacial, and neuromuscular system in the adult rhesus monkey. Ten adult monkeys were studied; five served as controls, three were fitted with bilaterally inclined mandibular splints designed to deviate the mandible toward the left on closure, and two animals had flat splints to provide even occlusal contact. Pretreatment and posttreatment assessment of dentoalveolar and craniofacial change was made from mounted study casts, cephalometric head films, electromyograms and computed tomograms. Axial computed tomographic scans were used to evaluate potential changes in bone density at the lower part of the mandible, the condyle, the coronoid process, the neck of the condyle, and the zygomatic arch by means of a one-way analysis of variance. Changes in the measured variables were not observed in the control animals or in the animals with flat splints. Animals with inclined splints, however, demonstrated attrition and intrusion of maxillary molars and mild proclination of the maxillary incisors. Posttreatment computed tomographic scans in these animals showed significantly increased bone density in the right coronoid process (p less than 0.05) and bilaterally at the necks of the condyles (p less than 0.005). Resting electromyographic activity remained low and was not significantly different among the three groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adaptation, Physiological↗