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A case of a young girl with a triple primary tooth that retarded normal development of the maxillary left lateral incisor is described. The primary tooth was extracted to encourage normal development of the permanent tooth. Subsequent examination of the extracted triple tooth suggests that it was composed of the primary left lateral incisor fused either to a geminated central incisor or to a fused central incisor and supernumerary tooth.
The authors present clinical and radiographic measures for the early detection of potential maxillary canine Impaction. Intercepting the impaction process by timely removal of the primary canines, as demonstrated in several representative cases, allows the permanent canines to erupt normally and, thus, prevents their potential impaction.
As a pilot study, dental casts of 30 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate were selected and examined from the longitudinal data in the Department of Orthodontics, Kyushu University Dental Hospital. Dental casts of the anterior teeth were sectioned at right angles to the long axis of the tooth 2 to 3 mm below the incisal edge. The teeth were differentiated according to their cross sections. They were classed as lateral incisors or other types by the ratio of labiolingual diameter to mesiodistal diameter and the flatness labiolingually. Dental casts of 309 additional patients with cleft alveolus were examined subjectively based on above findings. In primary dentition, 183 of 184 teeth on the cleft side were incisal type. One tooth was canine type. In permanent dentition, 42 of 78 teeth on the cleft side were conical type, 20 teeth were intermediate type, and 16 teeth were incisal type. As a conclusion, the tooth on the cleft side is almost certain to be a lateral incisor, not a supernumerary canine tooth. As well, their form was normal in the majority of the primary dentition, but malformed in the permanent one.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution patterns of primary and permanent teeth in the cleft area and the numerical variation in teeth in unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients. DESIGN: A survey of the dentition in UCLP patients. SETTING: Craniofacial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. PATIENTS: 137 UCLP patients who met the following criteria: (1) have had at least one panoramic film taken, (2) the first panoramic film illustrates either primary or early mixed dentition. Evaluation of both permanent and primary dentition was available in 91 cases. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Two evaluators performed independent evaluations of number and distribution of teeth in UCLP patients. The hypothesis that there are two odontogenic origins for maxillary lateral incisors was proposed to explain the occurrence of distribution patterns of dentition in the cleft area and to explain differences between primary and permanent dentition in UCLP patients. RESULTS: Four distribution patterns in the cleft area were identified in both the primary and the permanent dentition. In the primary dentition, placement of the lateral incisor distal to the alveolar cleft was the predominant pattern (pattern y, 82.4%), followed by absence of the cleft side maxillary lateral incisor (pattern ab, 9.9%), presence of one tooth on each side of the alveolar cleft (pattern xy, 5.5%), and placement of the lateral incisor mesial to the alveolar cleft (pattern x, 2.2%). In the permanent dentition, the most common pattern was the absence of the maxillary lateral incisor on the cleft side (pattern AB, 51.8%), followed by lateral incisor placement distal to the alveolar cleft (pattern Y, 46%), lateral incisor placement mesial to the alveolar cleft (pattern X, 1.5%) and the presence of one tooth on each side of the alveolar cleft (pattern XY, 0.7%). The discrepancy between the distribution patterns of primary dentition and permanent dentition successors is 57.1%. Variations in tooth number in both primary and permanent dentition of UCLP patients occurred most often in the cleft area. Abnormalities in the number of teeth (hypodontia or hyperdontia) outside the cleft area were more common in the permanent dentition than in the primary dentition (24.1% versus 4.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Four distribution patterns in the cleft area were identified in both sets of dentition. Our findings of distribution patterns in UCLP patients support the hypothesis that there may be two odontogenic origins for maxillary lateral incisors. Clinicians involved in managing the dentition of UCLP patients should consider the high frequency of numerical variation both in and outside the cleft area before starting dental treatment.
OBJECTIVE: Natal/neonatal teeth are very common in children with complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate. The extraction of these teeth is the usual treatment in the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies. The objective of this study was to verify whether these teeth could be of the normal complement or whether they were supernumerary. DESIGN: The primary dentition of children with cleft lip and palate with and without natal/neonatal teeth was compared at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies. SUBJECTS: The sample consisted of 55 children with complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate with natal/neonatal teeth and 54 without. RESULTS: No positive association between these groups and missing lateral incisor or supernumerary or complete dentition was found. CONCLUSION: The extraction of the natal/neonatal teeth did not alter the final complement of primary teeth, and these teeth could be the lateral incisor or supernumerary.
Concomitant hypo-hyperdontia is an uncommon condition of coexistence of partial anodontia and supernumerary teeth. Its etiology is still unknown. Very few cases have been reported in the literature of this condition. Presented here is a rare and first such case of simultaneous presence of multiple supernumerary teeth and a missing tooth (canine) without any associated systemic conditions or syndromes involving both jaws.
The macromorphology and micromorphology of two specimens of primary triple teeth using histological and CT analysis approach is analyzed. A single morphological pattern of triple teeth has been found and described: three nearly separate crowns with three separate pulp chambers, and three joined roots with three connected root canals. The characteristic triple teeth appearance occurred because a labial supernumerary tooth is the junction element between two teeth of normal series: the central incisor on the mesial side and the lateral incisor on the distal side. Primary triple teeth suggest an idiopathic abnormality in the distribution of the dental material originated very soon in the dental development. They can be considered as an early double fusion between three tooth germs, initially separate but in close proximity and developing synchronically.
Submersion occurs when a previously erupted tooth becomes embedded in the oral tissues. The purpose of this paper is to examine the distribution, the degree of re-impaction, the rate of congenital absence of the successor buds and the treatment in 28 submerged teeth in 17 patients.
Impaction of primary teeth is very rare especially in the maxillary anterior teeth. A tooth that fails to erupt into a normal functional position by the time it normally should, is considered impacted. The purpose of this article is to present a case of a 2 year and 4-month-old male with an impacted primary mandibular central incisors. Clinical examination did not reveal systemic diseases or trauma in the facial region. Clinical and radiographic examinations are described. Treatment consisted of a period of observation for 6 months and the extraction of the impacted primary mandibular central incisors. Eight months after the surgery, the permanent central incisors were erupted in the proper position.
The paper presents a discussion on etiology and treatment of maxillary central incisors impactions. Different treatment approaches which advocate teamwork approach, and importance of early diagnosis of such conditions is discussed.
This study focused on five unusual cases with anomalous eruptions of the maxillary second premolars that related to late development of the germs. In four cases, the affected premolars erupted between the ages of 12y3m and 14y6m. In one case, which was suspected to include bilateral anomalies, the eruption of the premolar was excessively late, continuing up to 17y8m old. It was surmised that the degree of tooth formation in the contralateral side might help to predict approximately at what age the late premolars will erupt.
The purpose of this research is to describe the distance from the cemento enamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC) of infra occluded primary molars and the adjacent and opposing teeth. Bitewing radiographs from 29 children (mean age 98.8 months; SD 21.2), who had infra occluded molars, were scanned and measured. The results of these measurements found that the means of the CEJ-ABC distances of the mesial and distal aspects of the infra occluded teeth were 0.78 mm (SD 0.3) and 0.94 mm (SD 0.32) respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis revealed no significant correlation between the different measurements, except when comparing the measurements in the infra occluded tooth and those of the opposing tooth. It was concluded that the CEJ-ABC values for infra occluded primary molars are shorter than normal values. The CEJ-ABC distances of the opposing and adjacent teeth to the infra occluded tooth are within normal limits.
The term mesiodens refers to a supernumerary tooth located between the maxillary central incisors. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of mesiodens among children in Turkey. The study population involved 24 children who attended the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ege University for dental problems. The characteristics of mesiodens were obtained from clinical and radiographic examinations. Results showed that twenty-four patients had thirty-four mesiodens for an average of 1.42 mesiodens per person. Males were affected approximately 3 times more frequently in comparison with females. Forty-two percent of the patients had bilateral mesiodens. All of the mesiodens were conical in shape and 91% were in the downward position. The age and sex distribution, location, direction, eruption of mesiodens and effects on permanent maxillary incisors were also presented in this study. It could be concluded that, delayed, ectopic or asymmetric eruption of the central incisors should alert the clinician to the possibility of a mesiodens.
The aim of the present report is to describe a case of a patient with eruption disturbances of an ankylosed lower primary second molar, delayed development of a maxillary permanent canine associated with an odontoma and a class III dental malocclusion. In such a case the objectives of treatment are: to prevent impaction of the lower second premolar and tipping of the lower first molar; to establish correct anterior overbite and overjet and to control the development of the permanent upper canine.
Primary teeth and the permanent successors must be understood as interdependent units, where each one of them interacts with and depends on each other. Pulpal inflammation/infection of a primary tooth and the spread of this condition over the periradicular tissues can lead to alterations in the dental germ of the permanent successor and to the surrounding structures if no therapy is done, i.e. endodontics or extraction. This work will present cases of permanent teeth that showed alteration in eruption and / or in development, as a consequence of inflammation / infection of the preceding primary teeth, such as: hypoplasia, morphological alteration on the dental crown or total arrest of. radicular formation. The teeth analysed in this study belong to patients who attended the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Children's Dentistry Clinic. The earlier these lesions are diagnosed, the less were the destructive effects and the consequences on the primary tooth/permanent germ unit.
The objective of this clinical case is to suggest a treatment approach for impaction of the maxillary first permanent molars. This approach allows access to the partially erupted tooth for orthodontic bonding and utilization of loops for distalization. An important detail is the non inclusion of the primary second molar in the orthodontic mechanics, in order to reduce the risk of early loss and preserve this tooth until exfoliation.
Odontomas are developmental disturbances which manifest in the form of denticles or amorphous informes masses comprising all dental tissues, especially enamel and dentin, with variable amounts of pulp and cement. We describe here two clinical cases of odontomas in children, focusing on diagnostic means and the importance of early treatment of these lesions. The standard treatment for the two present cases was surgical removal.
Trauma and pulpal infections in primary dentition are part of the routine of the pediatric dentist. Common consequences in these cases are alterations in dental color, compromising patient's esthetics and his interaction in social environment. Bleaching intends to preserve dental structure already weakened and to show immediate esthetic results. This clinical case shows a bleaching technique in devitalized primary teeth using bleaching agent with 35% hydrogen peroxide activated by photo polymerizer. This technique is simple and shows immediate satisfactory results.