Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Toe Phalanges”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

A new multiple malformation syndrome of Müllerian dysgenesis and conductive hearing loss with facial hypoplasia, bilateral forearm deformity, brachydactyly, spinal stenosis and scoliosis.

Multiple congenital malformations in a young girl with bilateral conductive hearing loss are described. Facial dysmorphic features include prominent supraorbital ridges, facial hypoplasia, facial asymmetry, downward-slanting palpebral fissures, high prominent nasal bridge with bifid nasal tip and a small lower jaw, and hypoplastic ear lobules with bilaterally narrow and oblique external auditory canals. Recognisable skeletal abnormalities include hypoplastic facial bones, hypoplastic clavicles, narrow and anteriorly sloping shoulders, bowing of both forearm bones, brachydactyly due to short metacarpals and hypoplastic terminal phalanges, thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis, narrow transverse measurements of most vertebrae with prominent coccyx, spinal canal narrowing, hypoplasia of lower ilia, medially bowed femora, tibiae and fibulae and brachysyndactyly of the second, third and fourth toes bilaterally. Gynaecological evaluation revealed abnormalities of the Mullerian duct structures: urogenital sinus, a vestigial uterus, a posteriorly placed small but patent vagina and a septum at the vaginal introitus. The pattern of MCA probably refers to a new syndrome within the "community of syndromes" involving anomalies of the Mullerian duct structures, limbs, spine and external ears.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2001

Carnivore voiding: a taphonomic process with the potential for the deposition of forensic evidence.

Carnivore defecation and regurgitation are taphonomic processes that create discrete concentrations of bone pieces and soft tissue fragments of animals that have been consumed. Experiments in which baboon carcasses were fed to leopards and spotted hyenas demonstrate that primate metapodials and phalanges are well represented as readily identifiable specimens in such scat concentrations. Most often phalanges are recovered from scat as whole, articulated digit units (composed of the proximal through distal phalanges) still covered with ligaments, intact skin and finger/toe nails. Considering the very basic similarities between baboon and human physiques, the potential applications of these findings to human forensic cases are significant. Fingers and toes possess features, including fingerprints and, sometimes, distinctive finger and toe rings, useful in the identification of human bodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Clinico-biochemical studies on fattening cattle with stiff gait as main symptom in Japan.

The chemical compositions of blood and bone were estimated in eight affected cattle as part of clinico-biochemical studies on a disease of beef cattle for fattening with stiff gait of the four limbs, strange posture, and elongation and deformation of the hoofs as main symptoms. Eight of the affected cattle were divided into two groups from the results of some examinations. Radiographical changes, such as the deformation, atrophy and lack of the apex of the third phalanx, were remarkable in five affected cattle (Nos. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6; group A), but not so remarkable in three (Nos. 7, 8 and 9: group B). The blood composition was within a normal range in group A. On the other hand, total serum protein, urea nitrogen, calcium and inorganic phosphorus were a little lower and magnesium and potassium higher in blood level in group B than in control cattle. The pH of rumen juice was within a range of 6.0 to 6.5 in all the effected cattle. The differences of components of phalanges were remarkable between the two groups. Namely, in group A, the magnesium and sodium levels of phalanges were higher than in control cattle. Ash and calcium contents increased distinctly at the tip of the third phalanges were higher than in control cattle. On the other hand, in group B, ash, calcium, sodium and potassium contents were lower than in control cattle. The fat content was much higher in the affected groups than in the control group. There wer slight changes in the inorganic component levels of the ungual layer. These changes were proportional to those of the phalanges.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The role of a shortening osteotomy of the first phalanges associated with soft-tissue release in the surgical treatment of hallux valgus].

The Authors report the results of 120 hallux valgus operated on 76 patients from January 1983 to June 1988. The operative procedure associated bunionectomy, tenotomy of the abductor hallucis which was resected from the base of the first phalanx and from the lateral sesamoid, shortening osteotomy of the proximal phalanx and finally adjustment of the sesamoids under the head of the first metatarsal. When there was an important metatarsus varus, a basilar osteotomy of the first metatarsal was associated (10 cases about 120). The results were appreciated functionally (pain, range of motion, easiness for putting on one's shoes) and anatomically (radiological correction of the deformity). The total result included anatomical and functional results. Anatomically, 110 feet had sesamoids perfectly adjusted (that is 92.5 per cent), 9 had an inadequate adjustment (first degree). The metatarsus varus was always improved except 3 cases; in these cases a basilar metatarsal osteotomy would have to be performed. The valgus of the big toe was corrected in 88 per cent of the cases (104 feet had a valgus lower than 15 degrees). A varus of the big toe was found in 6 cases (5 per cent). One was lower than 5 degrees; it was nevertheless included with the good results (very well endured). 5 were more than 10 degrees and were included with the poor results. Finally, we took notice of 4 degenerative changes of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint. The total results found 90 per cent of good and very good results, 6 per cent of fair results and 4 per cent of poor results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Bilateral hand reconstruction: report of three cases.

Although it has been established that a single lost hand can be reconstructed by autogenous bilateral toe transplantation, the problem of how to reconstruct bilateral hand loss still remains. The authors present a novel approach to solve this intricate problem. A big toe free skin-nail flap, along with the second digital ray or second and third digital rays, with a common vascular pedicle, is taken from the donor foot and transferred to the forearm stump by microsurgical technique, thereby creating a hand with two or three digits. Either a piece of the iliac bone or an ulna block cut during the preparation of the forearm stump is used to substitute for the lost first metacarpus and phalanges of the thumb. The operative technique is described. Three patients have undergone this procedure and have had both lost hands reconstructed. Among the six reconstructed hands, two had two digits in each and the others had three digits. One reconstructed hand failed to survive subsequent to vascular thrombosis which might have been due to degeneration and thickening of the vessel wall. Partial failure occurred in another, where the transferred big toe skin-nail flap necrosed and was replaced by a pedicled skin tube. All five surviving hands were followed up for more than one year and showed satisfactory functional recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Outcomes following cheilectomy and interpositional arthroplasty in hallux rigidus.

Surgical management of hallux rigidus remains controversial. Arthrodesis is considered the gold standard. However, many patients are reluctant to undergo fusion. This paper reviews two commonly used procedures that are reasonable alternatives. A retrospective review of 19 patients (24 feet) with grade 2 osteoarthritis and 11 patients (11 feet) with grade 3 osteoarthritis was performed. The patients with grade 2 osteoarthritis were managed with a cheilectomy and the patients with grade 3 osteoarthritis with an interpositional arthroplasty. All patients were individually assessed with a subjective questionnaire, physical exam, AOFAS hallux scale, SF-36 and pedobarographic analysis. Cheilectomy patients (51.9 years) were younger than interpositional arthroplasty (59 years). Follow up between the interpositional arthroplasties (2.0 years) and cheilectomies (2.1 years) were comparable. Postoperative motion, visual analogue pain scale and SF-36 scores were comparable between groups. Cheilectomies had a higher mean AOFAS score (77.3) than interpositional arthroplasties (71.6). Weakness of the great toe was reported in 72.7% of interpositional arthroplasty patients compared to only 16.7% of patients with a cheilectomy. Patient satisfaction was 87.5% in cheilectomies and 72.7% in interpositional arthroplasties. Pedobarographic analysis demonstrated a decreased load under the great toe with increased weight transfer to the lesser metatarsal heads in all patients. The weight transfer to the lesser metatarsal heads was greatest in patients with interpositional arthroplasty. Management of moderate hallux rigidus with a cheilectomy and phalangeal osteotomy is a reliable method of relieving pain and improving function. Management of severe osteoarthritis of the joint with an interpositional arthroplasty should be considered a salvage procedure with less reliable results.

Adult↗