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468 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[ACNU and methyl-CCNU in combination chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer: a randomized comparative study. Shanghai ACNU Collaborative Study Group].

The study was conducted to compare the efficacy between a combined chemotherapy of ACNU (Nimustine hydrochloride, brand name Nidran), a new nitrosourea agent, and a combined chemotherapy of methyl-CCNU for advanced gastric cancer. One hundred and three cases of advanced gastric cancer were randomly allocated into Group A (Me-CCNU, 5-Fu and ADM) and Group B (ACNU, 5-Fu and ADM). The results showed that in Group A there was no CR or PR, while in Group B, although no CR, there were 8 PR (8/64 cases), denoting the response rate of 0% in Group A and 17.4% in Group B. The median survival period in Group A was 108 days and in Group B 112 days. Both groups well tolerated the treatment and there were no serious adverse effects. Quality of life (QOL) was better in Group B than in Group A. It is concluded that ACNU combination is superior to Me-CCNU combination for advanced gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[The kidney in children under chemotherapy].

Nowadays more and more children survive after an intensive anti-tumoral therapy. The price to pay consists of numerous and relatively frequent long-term sequelae (secondary tumors, neuropsychological deficits, endocrine or cardiac damage). After chemotherapy, we sometimes observe renal side-effects, either tubular (metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, proteinuria, Fanconi syndrome, rickets) or glomerular (acute or chronic decreased GFR). These renal toxic side-effects are encountered especially after cisplatinum and ifosfamide, less frequently after carboplatin and cyclophosphamide. The pediatrician has to be aware of these toxic nephrologic side-effects, to look out for them and monitor carefully the renal function of all paediatric patients receiving these potentially nephrotoxic chemotherapies.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1977

Methyl-CCNU versus methyl-CCNU and 5-fluorouracil in carcinoma of the large bowel.

5-Flourouracil (5-FU) and methyl-CCNU have demonstrated separate sensitivities in carcinoma of the large bowel. This study was an attempt to see if methyl-CCNU versus methyl-CCNU plus 5-FU would demonstrate different responses in advanced colorectal carcinoma. Forty-nine patients have been evaluated, 14 receiving methyl-CCNU and 35 receiving 5-FU plus methyl-CCNU. One partial response has been seen with methyl-CCNU alone in a patient with liver metastasis. Thirteen partial responses have been noted in patients treated with the two-drug combination. There was a significant difference in the median survival of the responders versus the nonresponders for the two-drug group. Side effects were expected: nausea and vomiting, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen and urine arylsulfatase were measured in all patients and correlated well with response.

Arylsulfatases↗
PubMed1977

Chemotherapy for mustard-resistant ovarian adenocarcinoma: a randomized trial for CCNU and methyl-CCNU.

In view of the need for drugs which have antitumor activity in alkylating agent-resistant ovarian cancer or which might be more potent than standard agents, a randomized trial of two nitrosoureas, CCNU and methyl-CCNU, has been conducted. Of 31 evaluable patients who received at least one dose of CCNU (100 mg/m2 orally every 6 weeks), there were only two patients who experienced even transient improvement; 18 of these patients had two or more doses over a trial period of greater than or equal to 12 weeks. Of 26 evaluable patients who received at least one dose of methyl-CCNU (150 mg/m2 orally every 6 weeks), there was one patient who experienced transient improvement; this group included 14 patients receiving at least two doses and whose trial lasted greater than or equal 12 weeks. All patients had been previously treated with mustard-type alkylating agents. None of the responses were clinically useful. Thus, women with ovarian adenocarcinoma who have a history of prior chemotherapy are not likely to benefit from treatment with these nitrosoureas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Fundamental studies on the surgical adjuvant chemotherapy to support the clinical efficacies].

There have been many evidences for the usefulness of surgical adjuvant therapy of human advanced solid malignancies. Experimentally, many studies to support efficacies of such adjuvant therapy were reported. In this paper, such studies carried out abroard and in Japan were reviewed. Especially, several experimental studies in Japan using UFT as the drug used in adjuvant settings were introduced. In these reports, UFT was reported as a drug effective experimentally in adjuvant treatment. This fact seemed to support the clinical efficacies of UFT in surgical adjuvant chemotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Evaluation of clinical trials on adjuvant chemotherapy for curatively resected gastric cancer].

Reports of the results of clinical trials on adjuvant chemotherapy for curatively resected gastric cancer in Japan and other countries were reviewed. The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy outside Japan was not recognized except in two trials. Japanese trials did not reveal a significant survival benefit compared with surgery alone. However, a consensus was achieved in Japan on its efficacy by understanding some results of subset analysis as definite proof. Recently, it has been recognized that the re-evaluation of adjuvant chemotherapy should be carried out with the control group of surgery alone. The results of the trials of JCOG and N.SAS-GC, comparing adjuvant chemotherapy versus surgery alone, are much awaited. At the present time, carefully designed randomized controlled trials with sufficient sample size, which include surgery alone for control arm, are the only way to establish the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1997

[The current status of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer].

To evaluate the significance of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, randomized controlled trials of adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection for colorectal cancer were reviewed. Several multiple-drug systemic chemotherapy (MOF, MMC/FT p.o., MMC/5-FU p.o., MMC/ UFT po) were useful as adjuvant treatment to improve survival or disease-free survival for patients with colorectal cancer. And worldwide meta-analysis found that continuous intraportal 5-FU was suggested to improve survival. Recently, combination chemotherapy trials utilizing 5-FU and levamisole, or 5-FU and leucovorin, demonstrated significant a survival advantage in the patients with high risk colon cancer, and these are widely used as adjuvant treatment for patients with Dukes C resected colon cancer. From results of many Japanese trials, although the effectiveness of adjuvant treatment for colorectal cancer still remain controversial, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is thought to improve the disease-free survival of patients after resection of rectal cancer or Dukes C colon cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Randomized prospective trial comparing 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893) to 5-fluorouracil and methyl-CCNU (NSC-95441) in advanced gastrointestinal cancer.

The Southwest Oncology Group has confirmed the superiority of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methyl-CCNU versus 5-FU weekly as treatment for patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers. The drug combination produced a PR rate of 29.3% compared to the single-drug arm rate of 10.6%; however, the two-drug arm produced much more toxicity. Despite the improved response rate no improvement in survival was observed.

Adenocarcinoma↗