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PubMed1998

Conventional cementation technique for Targis restorations.

Ivoclar can now recommend a clinical and laboratory procedure for the conventional cementation of Targis single- and multiple-unit full-coverage restorations. The ability to bond restorations utilizing enamel/dentin bonding systems and dual-cure resin cements (Variolink II, Ivoclar Vivadent, Amherst, NY) has minimized microleakage and postoperative sensitivity, provided stronger restorations, and reinforced remaining tooth structure. Unfortunately, the benefits of the adhesive technique can often be compromised by existing or pre-existing clinical conditions. This challenge has limited the broad use of adhesive, metal-free restorations in many clinical situations. Targis restorations can now be successfully cemented utilizing zinc phosphate or conventional glass ionomer cements. This article describes the technique through a case presentation.

Cementation↗
PubMed2006

[Preparation and properties of calcium silicate-phosphate composite bone cements].

In this paper, alpha-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) and tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) respectively were chosen as basic compositions of phosphate bone cements. Other auxiliary materials such as hydroxyapatite (HAP), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), calcium oxide (CaO) and amorphous calcium silicate (CaSiO3) were added in the cements. Six kinds of composite bone cements were decided with 1.50 as their Ca/P ratio. Then the primary properties of them were studied. Ringer's simulated body fluid (SBF) tests were carried out for the samples. The changes of pH value in SBF and the compressive strength of the samples with the immersion time were studied. The results showed: the mixing liquid 0.25 M K2HPO4/KH2PO4 and amorphous CaSiO3 were effective for accelerating the setting of the cements; the initial setting time (It) was about 4-5.5 min and the final setting time (Ft) was about 18-19. 5 min. Amorphous calcium silicate can increase the compressive strength of the bone cements remarkably; the compressive strength of the alpha-TCP bone cement with the addition of suitable amount amorphous CaSiO3 reached 45.3 MPa after immersion in SBF for 14 days.

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1984

Long-term F release from glass ionomer cements.

Fluoride release from three commercial glass ionomer filling cements and three glass ionomer luting cements was measured in the laboratory over a 12-month period. Fluoride release from these glass ionomer cements was compared with that released from a silicate, silicophosphate, and a fluoride-containing polycarboxylate cement. The fluoride released from the glass ionomer cements throughout the one-year period was similar, both in quantity and pattern, to that released by the silicate cement. The silicophosphate cement tended to release fluoride in somewhat lesser amounts, while the amount of fluoride released by the polycarboxylate was negligible after the first few days. Analysis of these data indicates that these glass ionomer cements probably possess anticariogenic properties similar to those of silicate cement.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed2002

In vitro evaluation of furcal perforation repair using mineral trioxide aggregate or resin modified glass lonomer cement with and without the use of the operating microscope.

This study evaluated in vitro the effect of using the operating microscope on repairing furcation perforations using Vitrebond or mineral trioxide aggregate. Forty-six human molar teeth were mounted into a jig attached to a simulated jaw. The teeth were allocated randomly to four groups (n = 10). Furcal perforations were made in the teeth using an ISO 012 round bur in a slow-speed hand-piece. Each material was used to repair a group of teeth with and without the use of the operating microscope. The remaining six teeth provided positive and negative controls. All groups were stored in 100% humidity, and the repair materials were allowed to set for 72 h at room temperature before being assessed for the quality of placement under x26 magnification. Leakage at the repair was then tested using India ink; the teeth were demineralized, dehydrated in alcohol, and rendered transparent in methyl salicylate. Dye penetration into the furcation repair was evaluated at x26 magnification. There was no difference in the acceptability of the repair with either material whether or not the operating microscope was used. The perforations repaired with mineral trioxide aggregate leaked significantly less to the tracer dye than those repaired with Vitrebond (p < 0.001).

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed2000

Indentation modulus and hardness of whisker-reinforced heat-cured dental resin composites.

OBJECTIVES: Recent studies showed that ceramic whisker reinforcement imparted a two-fold increase in the strength of dental composites. The aim of this study was to investigate the indentation response and measure the elastic modulus, hardness, and brittleness of whisker-reinforced heat-cured resin composites as a function of filler level, heat-cure temperature, and heat-cure duration. METHODS: Silica particles were fused onto silicon nitride whiskers to facilitate silanization and to roughen the whiskers for improved retention in matrix. Whisker filler mass fractions of 0, 20, 40, 60, 70, 74 and 79% were tested. Heat-cure temperature ranged from 100 to 180 degrees C, and duration from 10 min to 24 h. A nano-indentation system enabled the measurement of elastic modulus. Fracture toughness was measured and composite brittleness index was calculated. An inlay/onlay composite and a prosthetic composite were tested as controls. RESULTS: Whisker filler level and heat-cure duration had significant effects on composite properties, while heat-cure temperature had non-significant effects. The whisker composite with 79% filler level had a modulus in GPa (mean (SD); n = 6) of 26.9 (1.0), significantly higher than 15.1 (0.2) of an inlay/onlay control, and 16.1 (0.3) of a prosthetic control (Tukey's multiple comparison test; family confidence coefficient = 0.95). The fracture toughness in MPa.m1/2 was 2.22 (0.26) for the whisker composite, higher than 0.95 (0.11) for inlay/onlay control, and (1.13 +/- 0.19) for prosthetic control. The brittleness index was (0.49 +/- 0.07) for whisker composite, lower than (1.02 +/- 0.12) for inlay/onlay control and (0.63 +/- 0.13) for prosthetic control. SIGNIFICANCE: Whisker filler level had a profound influence, heat-cure duration had significant effects, while temperature did not have significant effects, on the properties of whisker composite. The whisker composite had significantly higher elastic modulus and fracture toughness, and lower brittleness than the inlay/onlay and prosthetic controls.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2001

Healing process of dog dental pulp after pulpotomy and pulp covering with mineral trioxide aggregate or Portland cement.

Considering several reports about the similarity between the chemical compositions of the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Portland cement (PC), the subject of this investigation was to analyze the behavior of dog dental pulp after pulpotomy and direct pulp protection with these materials. After pulpotomy, the pulp stumps of 26 roots of dog teeth were protected with MTA or PC. Sixty days after treatment, the animal was sacrificed and the specimens removed and prepared for histomorphological analysis. There was a complete tubular hard tissue bridge in almost all specimens. In conclusion, MTA and PC show similar comparative results when used in direct pulp protection after pulpotomy.

Aluminum Compounds↗