Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Professional Practice”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Dietary supplement survey of pharmacists: personal and professional practices.

OBJECTIVE: To survey pharmacists about personal/professional practices regarding dietary supplements, specifically personal use and recommendation patterns, reference usage, and desired computerized decision-support features. DESIGN: Anonymous, self-administered survey. SETTING/LOCATION: National pharmacy association meeting. SUBJECTS: Practicing pharmacists who answered questions about dietary supplements. OUTCOME MEASURES: Acceptability of specific references, desired features in computerized decision support, frequency of personal use, and recommendations to patients, family, or friends. RESULTS: Seventy (70) pharmacists completed the survey. A majority (52.9%) reported taking dietary supplements including echinacea, zinc, and chromium picolinate. Fewer than half of pharmacists stated they have recommended a dietary supplement to a patient. Pharmacists stated that the top information sources were: published clinical trials, allopathic health care providers, alternative medicine practitioners, and word of mouth. The Internet was an important source for recommendations although not for personal use. The most highly accepted (>70%) print references included The Review of Natural Products and the World Health Organization Monographs on Selected Herbal Products. More than 90% rates the ability to view reference citations and computerized alerts on drug-dietary supplement interactions "very important" or "important". Interest was high in accessing computerized monographs. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacists are self-educating about dietary supplements. Among pharmacists surveyed, there was some consensus as to which references were acceptable. There is a demand for dietary supplements information to be included in pharmacy computer systems, specifically to check for interactions against the patient's.drug profile. Although practitioners in Western and alternative medicine, as well as journal articles, are preferred information sources, the Internet and word of mouth are also important sources. Personal use of dietary supplements correlated with a twofold increase in the likelihood that a pharmacist would recommend a dietary supplement to a patient.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1993

[Professional practice, years of practice in the performance of health prevention and promotion activities in first-line physicians of the Sousse region].

In order to identify the impact of the area of activity and years of practice on doctor's attitudes and practices regarding prevention and health promotion, a survey has been conducted among all primary health care practitioners active in the area of Sousse (central Tunisia). There are more positive attitudes among doctors working in public service as compared with those working in the private sector; however, in practice, the behaviors are similar between the two groups. Although young practitioners are less involved than others in prevention and health promotion activities, the impact of years of practice are not obvious. For both groups, the main obstacles to prevention and health promotion activities are: 1. the doctor's belief that his advice has little impact on individuals' changes of behavior, 2. his perception of the difficulty in changing behavior in general and 3. the lack of time for these activities. In this analysis, at least 2 factors have to be considered: a patients' differential attraction to a specific mode of practice and a doctors' differential attraction to public or private health practice.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case-specific approach to the treatment of alcoholism: the application of control mastery theory to alcoholics anonymous and professional practice.

Effective treatment of alcoholism requires adopting a psychodynamically informed case-specific approach. Control mastery theory provides a powerful way to understand and treat the alcoholic patient. The theory posits that individuals hold unconscious pathogenic beliefs that contribute to the development and maintenance of alcoholism. The primary therapeutic goal is to create a safe atmosphere that enables patients to disabuse themselves of their maladaptive beliefs and their attendant guilt. In this way, patients become freer to more accurately test reality and thus more effectively pursue normal developmental goals. The treatment of the alcoholic patient progresses through phases, each of which poses different therapeutic challenges. The salient therapeutic tasks addressed in this article are denial, containing affect, relapse prevention, and Alcoholics Anonymous involvement. By understanding the individual's unique pathogenic belief system, the therapist is better equipped to help the patient through the generic phases and tasks of the recovery process.

Alcoholics Anonymous↗
PubMed1989

Ethics and professional practice in oncology.

All cancer treatment should be guided by patient values. These values can be ascertained either through dialogue about treatment modalities, interventions and their consequences, or through the expressed wishes of patients or their surrogates. A balance should be struck between always following patient wishes and traditional health care paternalism, whereby patients have had little or no say about their treatment. The best way to strike this balance is through advanced directives and intensive dialogue with the patient or surrogates about the patient's values throughout the course of treatment. In this way, the care of the cancer patient can become a truly fiduciary responsibility. Health care providers can salvage their traditional obligation to preserve life through a commitment to the preservation of the meaning of the patient's life. Conflicts about treatment are difficult to resolve, but a mechanism does exist for making ethical decisions. Institutions should support such mechanisms and guarantee the protection of the conscience of all individuals caring for patients, with the right to withdraw without prejudice to one's job, and without abandoning the patient.

Decision Making↗
PubMed2003

Registered dietitians' use of physical assessment parameters in professional practice.

OBJECTIVE: To examine how registered dietitians who have completed one of two physical assessment programs use the knowledge and skills learned in practice and whether method of instruction had an affect on use of skills in practice. SUBJECTS/SETTING: Surveys were mailed to 891 persons, all of whom completed a Dietitians in Nutrition Support dietetic practice group or University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey continuing education program. Four hundred seventeen surveys were returned and 407 were usable. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: chi(2) analysis and stepwise logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Statistical significance was P=.05. RESULTS: Sixty percent of respondents worked in a clinic setting. Four of the five most-used competencies were similar between the two programs. More registered dietitians are using physical assessment competency information in clinical assessment, but not performing the competencies independently. Respondents with the Certified Diabetic Educator credential (P=.007) and Certified Nutrition Support Dietitians credential (P=.215) were more likely to use select physical assessment competencies. Confidence was reported as enhancing use of physical assessment competencies (n=153, 45%) and time was a barrier to using physical assessment competencies (n=159, 52%). APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: There were no significant differences in use of physical assessment competencies between the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey program and the Dietitians in Nutrition Support program. Although not statistically significant, there appeared to be more use of physical assessment competencies by those who received additional training and those who completed the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey program. This study reveals that registered dietitians are using the values in clinical assessment, however they must move to actually performing physical assessment competencies in practice.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Medical treatment in peripheral arterial disease: a professional practice study in 262 patients].

PURPOSE: Antiplatelet agents (APA), statins and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) are effective to reduce the risk of cardio-vascular events in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Few data are available on the actual prescription of these drugs in outpatients and on the effect of hospital care on the level of prescription. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients hospitalized with a confirmed diagnosis of PAD over a one-year period. Comparison of medical treatments on admission and on discharge. RESULTS: 262 patients were included. Mean age was 73 +/- 11 years, and 29% of the patients were women. APA were present in 64% on admission and in 83% when discharged (P < 0.0001). A statin was present in 29% on admission and in 38% when discharged (P = 0.001). ACEI were present in 27% on admission and in 32% when discharged (P= 0.02). A vasodilator was present in 47% on admission and 52% when discharged (P = 0.1). 35% of the patients had isolated PAD. Compared to the patients with associated clinical coronary or cerebro-vascular disease, they were less frequently discharged on statins (respectively 26 and 45%, p = 0.003) and on ACEI (respectively 23 et 38%, P = 0.016) whereas APA were equally prescribed (respectively 82 and 84%, P= 0.7). CONCLUSION: APA were prescribed to a majority of outpatients and the level of prescription was further improved when patients were discharged from the hospital. Statins and ACEI were insufficiently prescribed. On the other hand, vasodilator therapy remained still largely prescribed, despite the lack of any strong effect on morbidity and survival.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Research in the professional practice of the medical speciality].

Research has a very important role in the financial development of countries; it improves our life quality in all aspects and helps to face unexpected happenings. In Spain science has been left to a second plane and we feel necessary to reverse this situation. Amongst the different kinds of research (basic, clinical and translational) the two last ones are most interesting for clinical doctors. Training of the doctor in the research field helps to a better practice as the advances in research can be applied to clinical practice. There is a tendency for doctors to be involved less in research and it is very important to modify this situation. Research should start in Medical school and play an important role throughout the training period. Once training has concluded, those with capacity and interest in research should follow a 3-4 years training in the field and after that period they can undertake both clinical and research roles. Finally, in Spain our speciality needs to create specific research laboratories in those ENT departments in hospitals with adequate infrastructure to develop research.

Economics, Medical↗