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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Perspectives on clinical outcomes assessment: a view for the allied health professions.

The purpose of clinical outcomes assessment is well recognized by allied health professionals, but several obstacles have impeded the conduct of such research in the allied health professions. Many professionals have difficulty in determining how to begin. To explore the research possibilities already available within the health care environment, a way to visualize and organize the potential variables is needed. In light of a taxonomy of patient outcomes, an effort is made here to summarize and portray the characteristics of the delivery system, the environmental and structural factors, and both patient and provider attributes. Many of these aspects of outcomes investigations are within the purview and capabilities of allied health professionals. Through a division of labor among the professions, a mosaic can be collectively created that validates what they do and the value they add to patient care.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1999

A social work imperative: recruiting African American males into the profession.

This article outlines why it is important that the social work profession take affirmative steps toward recruiting African American males into the field. Also described are the results of a qualitative research project on factors related to a social work career choice by African American male undergraduate students. Implications for the profession and African American families are discussed.

Black or African American↗
PubMed2000

[More women in the medical profession--a benefit?].

More than a hundred years have passed since the first woman graduated in medicine in Norway. Today, more than 30% of doctors and 20% of specialists are women. In some specialties there are still few women: in general surgery 5%, in otorhinolaryngology 9%; only in some 10% of the specialties are there a little above 30% female doctors. There are also few women in positions of leadership. A better balance between men and women would be a benefit to the medical profession, to the patients, to the working environment and in the shaping of the politics of healthcare. There is a change going on, but a slow one. At present, 50% of medical students are women. It is to be hoped that they will be able to make their career choices on the basis of their skills and preferences rather than their gender. Women doctors make a positive contribution to a male-dominated profession; indeed, they may contribute to a development and expansion of the doctor's role. This calls for changes in attitudes, good support and role models--and satisfactory working conditions. Project groups within the Norwegian Medical Association as well as its Equal Opportunity Committee will be working for this in the new millennium.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed2000

The greying of the profession.

As the 21st century begins, Americans can expect to see changes across the health care spectrum. With the drive toward market parity in the management of health care resources, it is easy to lose sight of some critical elements of the health care system that may affect the quality and delivery of care. Specifically, the work force that cares for patients in the hospital, the home, or other care settings will shift. The nursing profession will not be immune to this shift and, as nurses reach retirement age and leave the profession, their departure may leave a void that could take years to fill and profoundly alter the quality of care available.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1997

Medical profession changes between religion, science, skill, ethics, law and economics.

How has the medical profession changed during the centuries? How has the evolution of the profession been influenced by the balance of different issues, e.g. magic, religion, philosophy, science, technology, ethics, law and/or economics? One needs to examine many historical changes leading from the hierarchized medicine of Ancient Egypt to the Asklepiadic and Hippocratic medicine at the time of Plato, from the newly organized medicine of the Renaissance to the emerging social medicine of the XIX century, from the nosological medicine centered on the evaluation of the symptoms to the medicine which explores the human body through technologies. Furthermore, an overview from the past to the future should analyze the new doctor-patient relationship in a health system of managed care, between market and solidarity, between the efficientistic guidelines of the providers (hospitals, physicians, etc.) and an anthropocentric view of the rights of the citizen-customers. These problems are presented and discussed by many Authors in three issues of Medicina nei Secoli (II/III.1997-I, 1998) as an aid to understanding what it means to be a physician today, from the past to the future.

History, Ancient↗
PubMed1998

Changes in the medical profession in Great Britain in the xix century.

The nineteenth century was important for medicine in Britain because the foundations of a united medical profession were laid by the Medical Act of 1858. This established the General Medical Council which had the responsibility of maintaining a list of qualified medical practitioners. This not only protected the public from unknowingly using unqualified medical practitioners, but also created a monopoly of medical practice which was protected by law. In the second half of the century, women started to qualify and be registered. The century also saw the development of effective anaesthetics and the idea that the health of the public could be preserved by legislation. The notion of prevention was born, even though after a further one hundred years, the profession is still dominated by the idea that its responsibility is to cure.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1999

[Birth and death of a profession. Certified midwives in Mexico (Spanish)].

This study examines the rise and development of professional midwifery in Mexico. The authors sustain that this profession was created in the 19th century by the medical profession as a means to eliminate traditional midwives and obtain access to pregnant women, women about to give birth, and women in the puerperal period. The relationship between physicians and midwives was never without its contradictions; however, conflicts increased after the establishment of gynecology as a specialty in Mexico. In the 20th century, physicians imposed increasingly stringent limitations on the activities of certified midwives and instead promoted training for traditional midwives, until professional midwifery was abandoned.

History, 19th Century↗
PubMed1996

[The Royal Protomedicato Tribunal and the surgical profession in eighteenth century Spain].

Different approaches to the study of the Royal Protomedicato have not been entirely successful in defining its roles and connections with other organizations that controlled the practice of health professions during the Enlightenment. The loss of manuscript sources relating to the institution has been an almost insurmountable obstacle. In this study we examine the difficult relationships between the Protomedicato and the elite members of the Corps of Military Surgeons who made possible the implementation of a new model of training in surgery in Spain. The establishment of teaching imparted by the new colleges of surgery, together with the restrictions on access to the profession, drove a wedge into the traditional forms of control previously exerted by physicians through the Royal Protomedicato. These changes led to reforms in the tribunal.

Education, Medical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Female and married: damaging to the therapy profession?

The first half of this paper describes the socialization process of women to their role in life. An examination is made of the literature and the lessons female children are taught about their place in the adult world in relationship to men. This "place" is typified by the hospital structure where the majority of therapists are employed. The second half of the paper looks into four aspects of professionalism--motivation, autonomy, commitment, and a sense of community--and examines each with the added dimension that membership in the therapy professions is predominantly female and married. Criteria for professionalism are defined on a continuum. Female occupational therapists fit much of this criteria, but conflicts of motherhood and career have a negative effect on their professional life and thus on their profession as well.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Can the profession of pharmacy serve as a model for health informationist professionals?

Pharmacy could serve as a model for the health informationist profession proposed by Davidoff and Florance in their 2000 editorial in the Annals of Internal Medicine. The current training and practice roles for pharmacists suggest a way to prepare health sciences librarians for work with clinical health care teams. The influences that spurred the transformation of pharmacy parallel in many respects those suggesting the need for more information professionals prepared to practice in clinical health care settings. During the same decades that health sciences librarians have been debating and experimenting with new professional roles such as clinical medical librarians, pharmacy has undergone an intensive review of its core values, mission, practice roles, and educational preparation methods. Until recently, most pharmacists graduated from five-year baccalaureate programs preparing them to understand drug products, sources of supply, and effective ways to dispense them to patients as prescribed by physicians. Today, almost all pharmacy students graduate from six-year doctor of pharmacy programs that prepare them to be the primary providers of what their profession calls "pharmaceutical care." The pharmaceutical care model suggests that health information professionals in clinical settings could be educated and trained to provide what we might call health information care.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of certain professions on the structure of the cervical portion of the spine].

The roentgen-anatomical study of the cervical portion of the vertebral column (fluorography and roentgenography in 2 projections followed by morphometrical treatment) was performed in 603 representatives of different professions: turners, milling-machine operators, craftsmen, mechanicians, jugglers, engineers and constructors. The following facts were established: asymmetry of bodies CIV and CV of vertebra in turners and milling-machine operators; differently pronounced cervical lordosis in persons of different professions; specific features in the architectonics of the spongy substance of the cervical vertebra bodies.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[The stressed physician. I. What conditions of the profession are stressful for the physician? What disorders do physicians experience and what are the effects on patients?].

Beside the traditional stress of the medical profession (namely the stress of time, dealing with tiresome patients, non-success in therapy, outgrowing of profession into the private life), during the last decades doctors have to cope with the growing instrumentalization and byrocratization of medicine. It may impair the personal relations of doctors and their attitude to patients. Medical doctors are more than other professionals under the pressure of worries and potential risks and therefore they are more anxious. The largest health risk for the medical professionals appears the burnout syndrome. It can be characterised as a loss of the positive relation to himself and to surrounding and the loss of the working competence.

Burnout, Professional↗
PubMed2001

The Native Hawaiian Health Professions Scholarship program's impact on the community of Ko'olau Loa: a program report.

The Native Hawaiian Health Professions Scholarship was established as one component of the Native Hawaiian Health Care Act of 1988, which was later reauthorized as the Native Hawaiian Health Care Improvement Act of 1992. The Scholarship program was designed to develop Native Hawaiian primary health care professionals who would return to work in Native Hawaiian communities. To ensure this, scholarship recipients fulfill their scholarship agreement by working in medically unserved and underserved communities throughout Hawai'i. Since 1991, 121 scholarships have been awarded to Native Hawaiians training in different primary care professions including medicine, dentistry, nursing, midwifery, social work, and public health. Although the service obligation is attached to the scholarship as a means of "paying back," the intent is to provide an opportunity for graduates to establish a sense of social responsibility for the communities most in need. One of the communities benefiting from this program is Ko'olau Loa, a community that spans from Ka'a'awa to Pupukea on Windward O'ahu. Native Hawaiian Health Scholarship recipients, Kehau Santiago, Michele Shimizu, and Stephany Vaioleti live and continue to serve in the very community in which they fulfilled their service obligations. This article focuses on how the Native Hawaiian Health Scholarship Program--in particular, the three scholars--affected Ko'olau Loa.

Education, Professional↗
PubMed2002

Continuing competence in selected health care professions.

Health services professionals are confronting the challenge of maintaining and improving competence over the course of lengthy careers in diverse practice specialties. This article reviews the efforts of a selection of health care professions to ensure lifetime competence and reviews some of the challenges encountered in these efforts. Although each profession has its own issues, significant generic questions are common to all.

Allied Health Occupations↗
PubMed2002

Use of a computer tutorial on nutritional assessment by three different groups of health professions students.

A computer tutorial on nutritional assessment was developed and used with three different groups of health professions students. Complete data were available for 45 nursing students, 36 physician assistant students, and 68 physical therapy students. Overall for the three groups there was a significant increase (p < 0.0001) from pretest to posttest scores. This increase was not significantly different among the groups, suggesting that a single computer tutorial can be used effectively to teach basics of nutritional assessment to different groups of health professions students and allow sharing of cost for computer instruction among programs.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Nurses in Israel: the struggle for regulating the profession.

To date (1998), Israel does not have a nurses' law. Israel has 6 million inhabitants, approximately 15,000 physicians, and 33,000 nurses--a ratio of 180 nurses per 100,0000 inhabitants. Since the 1970s, drafts for a nurses' law have been formulated to set a legal framework for the profession, as is customary in many other countries. This framework would define the particularities of nursing as a profession, who may practice it, levels of training, recognized areas of specialization, and expertise in the operation of specific medical equipment and various nursing duties. Between 1993 and 1996, drafts for legislation were deliberated a number of times by committees appointed by the Ministry of Health but were not passed. Many elements opposed the drafts: the physicians and both the nurses' union and the midwives' union--the latter being a separate and an independent professional body from the nurses' organization.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMed2003

The first dental college: emergence of dentistry as an autonomous profession.

Old as the ills of mankind, dentistry has been practiced as a specialty of surgery by physicians, surgeons, and artisans, at various times with titles such as barber surgeon, toothdrawer, operator for the teeth, and surgeon dentist. There being universal need for dental services, and lacking enforceable standards of practice and qualification, the profession was invaded by dubiously prepared pretenders at practice. The unconscionable consequence remained largely unremedied until realization of a philosophically sound basis of professional literature, organization, and education incident to the institution of the first dental college and the American system of dental education that elevated dentistry to the status of a recognized autonomous profession.

Baltimore↗
PubMed2003

Keeping nurses in nursing: the profession's challenge for today.

Urologic nurses and the nursing profession face incredible challenges in caring for patients and their families after a trend of the continued decline in nursing school enrollment, the nursing shortage, and increasing staff nurse dissatisfaction with the current workplace environment. Is it possible to retain staff nurses during this current crisis? Many factors contribute to nurse dissatisfaction and subsequent turnover and burn out. In light of the current nursing shortage, it is essential and cost effective to retain nurses in their specific jobs and within the profession. There is no single, simple reason or solution for professional staff nurse turnover. Some of the current contributing factors to staff nurse dissatisfaction and satisfaction will be discussed in an effort to discern ways to promote staff nurse retention.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗