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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The functional regulator (FR II)].

The Frankel II appliance which is used in Angle Class II Division 2 cases, establish sagittal, vertical and transversal development of the jaws by keeping away the perioral muscles as in the other functional regulators. The difference between FR II and FR I appliances is the design of canine wires. After 8 months of FR II treatment of the 11 year old Class II Div. 2 patient with 5 mm. overbite, as the overbite decreased by 3 mm., the FMA angle increased and a transversal and sagittal development was established in both upper and lower jaws.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed1990

[The changes of the occlusal relationship from deciduous to the permanent dentition in the longitudinal sample].

The examination of the dynamics of the changes in sagittal, vertical and transversal occlusal relationship has been carried out on the sample of the 66 examinees of the both sexes. The children were examined for the first time at the age of 3.7 years, the again three times repeatedly (within a year) during the first period of the change of teeth. The occlusal changes were registered on the plaster models using the regular standard equipment. The results of the examination of the 4 gnathometric variables (class, overjet, overbite and the transversal occlusal relationship) have demonstrated the following: in 50% examinees the class remained unchanged; the total number of the examinees with class II as well as with uneven occlusal relationship, in the right and left quadrant have increased visibly; the early findings of class II have demonstrated very high stability; the inclination toward the increase of the overjet has been higher in the relation to the reduction; somewhat greater number has been recorded in the group on the overjet above 3 mm; overbite in the major part of the examinees has become deeper; the change from the open, tete a tete, minimal bite to the normal and deep bite has been recorded; the transversal occlusal relationship have remained unchanged in 60% of the cases; the frequency of the new transversal disarrangement in the mixed dentition has been three times higher in the relation to the earlier findings; also the cases of the spontaneous correction of the transversal disarrangement in the deciduous dentition have been recorded.

Child↗
PubMed1990

A case report of adult skeletal mesio-occlusion.

The patient was a 22-year-old female with a class III malocclusion characterized by maxillary constriction, dental crowding and mandibular protrusion. The treatment goals which were related to the chief complaints included correction of negative overjet, negative overbite, and dental alignment. Since the pre-existing crowding created some severe problems and prevented adequate posterior repositioning of the mandible and anterior teeth, extraction of the four first premolars were recommended to correct the overjet. This treatment resulted in greater posterior repositioning. The treatment was divided into three stages: 1) extraction of first premolar teeth, alignment, space closure and an increase in the overjet and overbite, 2) arch alignment and detailing of the occlusion with a full fixed appliance, and 3) retainers. At the end of the treatment, the patient had an acceptable dental alignment with a class I molar relationship and an improvement in facial appearance.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Frequency and localization of facets in adults with correct dental arches and malocclusion in anterior teeth region regarding periodontal reaction and occlusal guidance].

We investigated 322 patients, 20 and 40 old to find connections between the occurrence and localisation of facets, malocclusion and dynamic occlusion and estimated special aspects of periodontal reactions. The symptoms "anterior crowding", "increased overbite and overjet" didn't effect an increasing of frequency of facets in comparison with eugnathic denture. We found, that the facets decreased in lateral segments if the overbite became deeper and on the other hand number of facets increased with advancing years. The localisation of facets and occlusal guidance of dynamic occlusion coincided only in one third of investigated cases. Balancing and hyperbalancing teeth showed frequent facets. There was a direct relationship between increasing frequency and intensity of gingival retraction and the level of the abrasion of the hard tooth substance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effects of certain therapeutic factors on facial development in isolated cleft palate.

Roentgencephalometry was used during the investigation of the effects of some therapeutic factors on the growth and development of the jaws in 64 adult males with an isolated cleft palate repaired by pushback. The anterior growth of the maxilla was not related to the age at the time of surgery or to orthodontic therapy with removable appliances. A small number of individuals operated during adolescence had also a shorter depth of the maxilla similarly as patients operated upon during early childhood. Anterior crossbite developed mostly in patients with reduced proclination of the upper alveolar process, while, on the contrary, a retrusion of the maxilla played no essential part. This observation proves useful for the prediction of the development of this malocclusion. The angle of sagittal jaw relations does not represent necessarily a valid criterion of the development of the jaws. In the presence of an overbite retrusion of the maxilla is associated with a retroposition of the mandible and thus the angle of sagittal jaw relations remains unchanged. Thus overbite represents an effective mechanism acting on the position of the mandible. A differentiated approach for the determination of the age of choice at the time of palate surgery according to the type and extent of the cleft is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cephalometric analysis of reverse overjet in patients with total unilateral cleft lip and palate.

The study presents a craniometric analysis of facial morphology in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate with reverse overjet well developed. The aim was to find out which structures are responsible for the incidence of reverse overjet. Examined were: 30 patients, aged 12-15, with this affection and 30 age-matched persons with the same type of cleft defect but without reverse overjet. The findings showed that in most cases reverse overjet in clefts is not caused by any greater maxillary retrusion than that found in patients without reverse overjet but by mandibular overjet. An analysis of data confirmed that the overjet is due to the loss of overbite and its non-restoration. With regard to medical practice, immediately after the permanent teeth eruption, it is advisable to restore the overbite in the anterior teeth in order to prevent the development of reverse overjet.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Dummy- and finger-sucking habits among 5-year old children. An investigation of frequency and effect on the dentition and occlusion].

Dummy- and finger-sucking habits were investigated among 60 5 year olds, born in 1982. The children were living in Raufoss, a small rural community in eastern part of Norway. Information about the sucking habits was obtained from their parents by means of questionnaires. The position of the teeth and the occlusion were registered by an orthodontist. Total prevalence of sucking habits was 63%. Thirty-seven percent, had used a dummy and 30% had been or were still finger-suckers. Two children had both used a dummy and sucked their fingers. This is a significant lower total prevalence of sucking habits than recorded in recent Swedish and Danish studies (1-8), but comparable with a Swedish study from 1971 (9). Most dummy-suckers had broken their habits at 3-4 years of age, while the finger-suckers were still active at 5 years of age. Finger-sucking had the largest impact on the position of the front teeth. The finger-suckers had significantly larger overjet and smaller overbite, more proclined upper incisors and retroclined lower incisors than dummy-suckers and those without any sucking habit. The only measurable effect of previous dummy-sucking of 5 years of age was a more open position of the lips and a smaller overbite. Otherwise, no significant effect on the occlusion was observed in any of the dummy- or fingersuckers.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Variance of occlusion traits in twins.

To reexamine the prevailing concepts of the role of genetic and environmental factors on dental occlusion, individual occlusal traits were studied in 164 pairs of twins. The measured variables were overjet, overbite, crossbite type and extent, buccal segment relationship type and extent, anterior and posterior teeth malalignment, spacing, treatment priority index scores, and the principal components derived from these measures. No association of twin type with the mean of any of the traits could be demonstrated. Further analysis of variance revealed separate sources of twin variance for the set of occlusal variables studied. We were able to detect a significant genetic source of variation for overbite and spacing, and no variance inequality between monozygotic and dizygotic twins. For the majority of the trains (overjet, crossbite, buccal segment relationship, malalignment, and treatment priority index scores), tests of homogeneity of total variance showed inequality between zygosities. The total among-pair and within-pair mean squares were larger for dizygotic than for monozygotic twins. We interpreted the results as evidence for greater environmental influences on the two types of twins. In addition, environmental covariance appeared to be larger for monozygotic than for dizygotic twins with respect to crossbite. In cases where within-pair genetic variance estimates were highly significant, removing the bias due to unequal environmental effects on the two types of twins led to results of no significant genetic variance. These results indicate a further need to explore the sources of environmental variation contributing to the difference. Genetic models that may be used to gain insights into the sources are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Condylar asymmetry and age in patients with an Angle's Class II division 2 malocclusion.

The relationship of age to condylar asymmetry varies for different groups of patients with temporomandibular disorders. Those with a problem of myogenous origin show a parabolic curve, while those with an arthrogenous problem show a linear relation. A group of control subjects with no signs or symptoms of temporomandibular disorders showed no correlation between age and asymmetry index. A group of 17 patients with no signs or symptoms of temporomandibular disorders but with Angle's Class II Division 2 malocclusions and deep overbite, was studied for an age-condylar asymmetry relationship. Only patients with a maximum of one missing tooth, other than third molars, were included. As a control, a group of 22 individuals with an Angle's Class I occlusion was considered. The same exclusion criteria as above was applied to this group. Age-asymmetry indicies were plotted for both groups. No correlation between age and asymmetry index was found in either group (coefficients of determination 0.054 and 0.002, respectively). This may support the conclusion that Angle's Class II Division 2 malocclusion with deep overbite is not a major factor in the aetiology of these disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Guidelines on the use of space maintainers following premature loss of primary teeth.

OBJECTIVE: To formulate evidence-based guidelines on the appropriate use of space maintaining appliances to prevent or reduce the severity of malocclusion in the permanent dentition following the premature loss of primary teeth. OPTIONS: Placement of lingual arch, palatal arch, band-loop, crown-loop, and intra-alveolar space maintainers. OUTCOMES: Reduced prevalence or severity of space loss in the primary or mixed dentition, reduced prevalence or severity of malocclusion in the permanent dentition measured as significant changes in: crowding, ectopic eruption, impacted teeth, Angle's class II or III occlusion, crossbite, deep overbite, deep overjet, or midline shift. EVIDENCE: Articles published from 1966 to 1996, located though Medline searches. Only clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, or large case series were considered. VALUES: Relevant clinical findings were evaluated and categorized using evidence-based methods and values established by the Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination. A recommendation was developed for the use of space maintainers. BENEFITS, HARMS AND COSTS: The potential benefits of using space maintaining appliances include reduced prevalence or severity of: crowding, ectopic eruption, tooth impaction, crossbite, excessive overbite and overjet, and poor molar relationship. Other advantages include the potential for considerable cost savings by reducing the need for future orthodontic treatment. The potential disadvantages of using space maintaining appliances include soft tissue impingement, interference with eruption of adjacent teeth, pain, plaque accumulation, caries, and broken, dislodged or lost appliances. RECOMMENDATIONS: There is poor evidence to recommend for or against the use of space maintainers to prevent or reduce the severity of malocclusion in the permanent dentition (see Table 1, Recommendation C) Decisions regarding the use of space maintainers must therefore be guided by factors other than scientific evidence.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

A diagnostic index of vertical problems for Class III malocclusions.

A cephalometric investigation was undertaken to derive a vertical indicator--a single value derived from a series of cephalometric variables that can be used in the differential diagnosis of Class III patients. The subjects consisted of 76 Japanese female patients whose chief complaint was anterior crossbite and who presented with either open bite or anterior deep overbite. All the data were derived from the initial lateral cephalometric radiographs. The main skeletal measurements that characterize vertical problems were selected using cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and discriminant analysis. As a result, a Class III vertical indicator was derived. The vertical indicator score for deep overbite was -2.5 +/- 2.2, whereas the vertical indicator score for open bite was +2.5 +/- 2.3. This vertical indicator may be used in diagnosing the nature of vertical problems and determining the appropriate treatment and prognosis for the individual Class III female patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Effect of presurgical incisor extrusion on stability of anterior open bite malocclusion treated with orthognathic surgery.

The records of 40 nongrowing open bite patients treated with orthodontics and maxillary surgery were divided into two groups and evaluated. The extrusion group (n = 19) included those patients who had presurgical maxillary incisor extrusion of at least 1.5 mm. In the nonextrusion group (n = 21), the maxillary incisors were maintained or intruded prior to surgery. Statistical analysis showed no relationship between presurgical extrusion of the maxillary incisors and the stability of open bite correction; the maxillary incisors were generally stable long term in both groups. Overbite decreased a mean of -0.97 mm in the extrusion group and -0.67 mm in the nonextrusion group during the mean 5-year 10-month follow-up period after appliance removal. Twenty-five percent (10 of 40, 5 from each group) of the sample had no incisal overlap long term. These findings suggest that a moderate amount of presurgical incisor extrusion or lack of extrusion are stable long term and have little influence on posttreatment stability of open bites. The decrease in overbite observed after treatment may result from the influence of various dental, skeletal, and soft tissue factors rather than from any single factor.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Twin Block appliance. Part II.

The main purpose of the Twin Block is to advance the mandible and to correct moderate to severe overjets. When the first molars are encouraged to erupt, the Twin Block also results in a partial correction of the overbite. The Rick-A-Nator or Rick-A-Nator 2 Appliances are utilized to hold the mandible in a forward position and also to help erupt the bicuspids to complete the orthopedic correction of the overbite. It is vital that the total treatment time for the active phase with the Twin Block and the support phase with the Rick-A-Nator be a minimum of 15 to 18 months to allow for permanent muscular, skeletal and dental changes to be accomplished.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in children based on physical signs.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are related to the function and integrity of the masticatory system with restricted jaw movement and/or joint clicking or crepitus, for example, dominating the clinical signs of these disorders. The prevalence of TMD signs was examined in non-patient children ages six to twelve (1994 n = 185, 1995 n = 237) by four examiners using standardized techniques. Of significance was the finding that 7.3 percent of the 1994 children had audible joint sounds, while the 1995 examination reported 3 percent. Statistically significant relationships (p < 0.05) between the ages of the subjects and measurements of overbite (p < 0.0001), overjet (p < 0.01), and clicking (p < 0.005) were calculated from the 1994 data, while significant correlations for overbite (p < 0.001) and overjet (p < 0.01), but not clicking were found in the 1995 examination. One study of four- to six-year-old nonpatients reported a higher occurrence of joint sounds (48 percent). This disparity indicates a possible need for standardization of examination techniques specifically targeting joint sounds and their role in TM disorders.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2005

[The study of maxillary protraction face mask combined with orthodontics for complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of maxillary protraction face mask combined with orthodontics on complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients' jaws. METHODS: 14 patients with complete unilateral cleft of lip and palate were included. Lateral cephalometric films were taken before orthodontic treatment ,before protracting and after orthodontic treatment. The statistical data were compared and analysed by SPSS10.0. Student's t test was used to determine the effect of maxillary protraction face mask combined with orthodontic treatment on jaw growth before and after treatment. RESULTS: The treatment resulted in good outcomes: incisor's overjet of 2mm, stable occlusion and straight profile. The SNA angle had a significant increase (P<0.001). The SNB angle and mandibular plane angle (SN-MP) have no change (P>0.05). The convexity of angle had significant change (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Orthopedic force combined orthodontic treatment on patients with UCLP can promote the development of maxilla, without significant effect on the mandible. The overjet and overbite were improved by increasing the clination of upper anterior teeth, compensating lingually on lower anterior teeth and moving the upper anterior forward. The profile was improved from concave to straight, maxillary protrusion was increased, upper lip was plumpand, and the relationship between upper and lower jaws was more compatible.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1996

Leiomyoma of uterus in a patient with ring chromosome 12: case presentation and literature review.

We report on a 30-year-old women with de novo ring chromosome 12 mosaicism, 46,XX, r(12)(p13.3q24.3)/46,XX. In addition to the clinical manifestations generally observed in "ring syndrome" cases such as growth retardation, short stature, microcephaly, and mental deficiency, she had a broad nasal bridge, micrognathia with overbite, underdeveloped breasts, mild dorsal scoliosis, clinodactyly of the fifth fingers with a single interdigital crease, symphalangism of thumbs, tapering fingers, mild cutaneous syndactyly between the second and third toes, multiple café-au-lait spots, sebaceous acne on the face and back, and mild dystrophic toenails. She developed a large, pedunculated uterine leiomyoma at age 28 years. To our knowledge, uterine leiomyoma in association with r(12) has not been reported previously. However, a gain of chromosome 12 and translocations involving 12q14-15 have been described.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

The long-term effects of treatment on the dental condition of children surviving malignant disease.

Fifty-two long-term survivors of childhood leukemia or solid tumors had a clinical dental examination along with 49 of their sibling. The 52, with an additional 30 examined in a previous study, were studied radiologically with a panoramic tomogram. All children with leukemia had received chemotherapy for 2 or 3 years and irradiation on standard protocols and the solid tumor group had received chemotherapy for 6 to 24 months. There was no difference between siblings and patients for dental caries, gingivitis, and oral hygiene, mouth opening, overjet, and overbite. More solid-tumor patients had abnormal occlusion (P less than 0.02) and those with abnormalities tended to have been treated at an earlier age. Enamel opacities and hypoplasia were more common in patients than siblings and in the leukemia than in the solid tumor group. Sixty-five percent of the children had abnormalities on radiologic examination including failure of the tooth to develop, small crown, hypoplasia of the crown, and abnormal root development. In most cases the radiologic abnormality could be correlated in time with the patient's treatment and a knowledge of the normal time of tooth development. Three teeth extracted during the course of the study were examined histologically and these showed prominent incremental lines which could be correlated in time with vincristine treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

A unique patient with an Ullrich-Turner syndrome variant and mosaicism for a tiny r(X) and a partial proximal duplication 1q.

A 7-year old female with global cognitive impairment, short attention span, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and many compulsive behaviors was referred to the Genetics Clinic. Height was below the 5th centile and weight was at the 5th centile while head circumference was at the 50th centile. Minor anomalies included bluish sclera, low set and slightly posteriorly rotated auricles and a narrow palate with marked overbite. There was no significant family history. Chromosome analysis showed an unbalanced, mosaic female karyotype consisting of three cell lines: 46,X,+r[46]/45,X[37]/45,X,dup(1)(q11q21.3) [17] de novo.ish r(X)(DXZ1+,XIST+). Expression of XIST was observed in cDNA from the patient, suggesting the presence of an inactive X chromosome. Inactivation was confirmed by detection of a methylated allele of androgen receptor. This methylated allele was under-represented in undigested DNA, consistent with it arising from the r(X) which was present in only a minority of the patient's cells. The clinical phenotype of the tiny r(X) syndrome in our patient is obviously further influenced by mosaicism for the dup(1). Few cases of duplication of the proximal portion of chromosome 1 have been reported. Of these, the duplication either was present in all cells or involved different band regions so that a direct comparison would be difficult. However, the lower percentage of mosaicism for the dup(1) in our patient would suggest a milder influence on the clinical phenotype.

Child↗