SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “Intestinal Obstruction”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Some problems of intestinal obstruction.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[Diagnosis and treatment of acute adhesive small intestine obstruction].
Experience of treatment of 162 patients with acute adhesive intestinal obstruction (AAIO) is described. These patients had most often (23.3%) appendectomy in anamnesis. Conservative treatment was effective in 23 (14.2%) patients only. Surgical treatment was performed in 139 (85.8%) patients including traditional open operation in 79 (56.8%) patients, laparoscopic and laparoscopy-assisted in 60 (43.2%). Advanced adhesive process with formation of single intestinal conglomerate, neglected forms of AAIO with paralytic ileus were indications to open operations; lethality in these operations was 17.7%. Laparoscopic operation was indicated in AAIO due to isolated commissure as well as in early adhesive obstruction; lethality was 1.7%. If diagnostic laparoscopy showed that AAIO is caused by intestinal deformation in small intestinal conglomerate or intestinal resection is required, laparoscopy-assisted operations were performed.
Spontaneous resolution of intestinal obstruction while receiving home parenteral nutrition.
Six patients with intestinal obstruction secondary to benign adhesions so dense and vascular that the operating surgeon could not free them, were placed on a home total parenteral nutrition program. Four patients had enterocutaneous fistulas, and two had their bowels divided and stomas created to divert intestinal contents from distal enterotomies made during the attempt to free the intestine. The enterocutaneous fistulas closed in four patients within 2 weeks to 5 months and the obstructions spontaneously resolved in 2 to 3.5 months. At reoperation on the two patients whose intestinal tracts were purposely divided, the previously matted bowels with dense adhesions were easily freed. We believe complete gastrointestinal rest allows adhesions to mature into long avascular collagen fibers in the absence of a persistent inflammatory reaction that accompanies partial or total small bowel obstruction. We recommend that patients receive 3 months of home total parenteral nutrition before a second operation for persistent obstruction after recent enterolysis should be considered. Spontaneous resolution should occur, but if not, reoperation can be performed safely after the 3 month interval.
[Intestinal obstruction caused by paracecal hernia. 3 case reports and review of the literature].
The authors report three rare cases of intestinal obstruction due to paracecal hernia observed in 533 small bowel obstructions operated between January 1982 and December 1994 (0.6%). In our experience, all the cases occurred in old female patients. Less than 150 cases are reported in the literature. The authors examine paracecal hernia embryologic aspects to explain its pathogenesis: the rotation of primary intestinal loop determines final intestinal rapports. Preoperative diagnosis is very difficult. Transitory symptoms may appear months or years before intestinal obstruction; these occurrences suggest that internal hernias, like external ones, may spontaneously reduce. Straight abdominal radiographies, performed in all cases here described, demonstrate small bowel levels. There is disproportion between important subjective symptoms and objective finding of a large round bump localized in the right iliac fossa. Authors underline the opportunity of a promptly performed operation: in all our cases we released the incarcerated intestinal loops and sutured hernial foramen. One exitus occurred, on the 4th postoperative day, probably due to pulmonary embolism.
Potato crisps without pancreatic extracts supplements: a potential cause of the distal intestinal obstruction in cystic fibrosis.
Three cases of the distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) are reported to be caused by a consumption of potato crisps without appropriate pancreatic enzyme supplements.
The pattern of acute intestinal obstruction in a peripheral district of eastern India.
This is a review of 146 patients operated upon over a period of five years, for 150 episodes of mechanical intestinal obstruction, in a developing country in the tropics. The pattern of intestinal obstructions reveals that external hernia accounts for the largest number of cases followed by volvulus which today still forms the second largest group. Operative mortality was 28%. The major adverse factors were gangrenous bowel and large bowel obstruction. The highest mortality rate (about 41.3%) was found in volvulus.
Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis as cause of intestinal obstruction in a five-day-old newborn.
The case report is presented of a newborn that developed pseudomembranous colitis and intestinal obstruction after antibiotic therapy with cefoxitin and gentamicin in the first week of life. At laparotomy on the fifth day a complete obliteration of the descending colon by pseudomembranes was encountered. After resection of the diseased segment the recovery was uneventful. We believe this case is the first to be published of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis causing intestinal obstruction.
Causes and management of intestinal obstruction in a Saudi Arabian hospital.
A retrospective review of 84 cases of intestinal obstruction admitted to the National Guard Hospital over a period of 10 years was carried out. The main causes of obstruction were: post-operative adhesions, 38 patients (45%); hernia, 17 (20%); pseudo-obstruction, eight (9.5%); intussusception, six (7%); malignant obstruction, four (4.8%); inflammatory obstruction, three (3.6%); volvulus, three (3.6%); and others, five (6%). Large bowel obstruction occurred in only 16 patients (19%). Surgical intervention was necessary in 61 patients (73%) while 23 patients (27%) responded to conservative treatment. Post-operative complications occurred in 14 patients (17%). The main complications were: wound infection, chest infection, prolonged ileus and intestinal fistulae. The mortality rate was 3.5%. The pattern of small bowel obstruction in Saudi Arabia is similar to that in the West, while large bowel obstruction is rather uncommon.
Intestinal obstruction in patients with widespread intraabdominal malignancy.
The clinical course of 28 patients with surgically documented widespread intraabdominal malignancy who developed intestinal obstruction was reviewed. Of 26 patients, 13 responded to initial conservative management. In the ten patients treated surgically, there was significant morbidity in 80% and a postoperative mortality of 40%. Reobstruction occurred in 11 patients, responded poorly to therapy, and was associated with a short life expectancy. These results support the use of conservative therapy in the management of intestinal obstruction due to widespread intraabdominal malignancy, with emphasis on the palliation of symptoms and maintenance of quality of life.
[Intestinal obstruction during pregnancy].
We report a rare case of intestinal obstruction during first pregnancy. 35-year old patient at the 16th week of her first pregnancy was admitted to the hospital due to hyperemesis gravidarum. After differential diagnosis the patient underwent successful surgical procedure followed by the intensive obstetrical care. The case history and a review of current literature are presented. We underline the importance of early diagnosis and interdisciplinary care.
[Intestinal obstruction secondary to peritoneal carcinomatosis after iatrogenic perforation during TUR for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder].
OBJECTIVE: A case of intestinal obstruction following transurethral resection (TUR) of a locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is presented. METHODS/RESULTS: The unique features of the present case are described. Laparotomy was performed and peritoneal carcinomatosis was found. Renal function became impaired and the abdominal condition persisted. The patient died five days postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal obstruction following TUR of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is an uncommon complication that is mainly due to peritoneal seeding following iatrogenic perforation of the tumor or the bladder wall during resection. Still, TUR is undeniably useful in the diagnosis, staging and treatment of bladder neoplasm.
Intestinal obstruction.
One hundred severty-one cases of mechanical intestinal obstruction were studied. One hundred fifteen had small bowel obstruction and fifty-six had large bowel obstruction. Adhesion (32.8 per cent), hernia (21.6 per cent), and neoplasm (18.1 per cent) were the cause of obstruction in more than 70 per cent of all cases. More than 40 per cent of patients were older than 60 years and the average age was 52.7. The numbers of males and females were approximately equal. There were twice as many whites as blacks, and the mortality rate was higher among blacks. The overall uncorrected mortality rate was 18.7 per cent. Operation was performed in 105 patients (61.4 per cent), with a postoperative mortality of 19 per cent and corrected postoperative mortality of 4.5 per cent. Contributing factors that were significant were high incidence of metastatic diseases, elderly patients, and delay in admission.
[The method of choice for surgical treatment of intestinal obstruction in colon cancer].
The authors present the results of surgical treatment of 326 patients with cancer of the colon complicated by occlusive intestinal obstruction. Three degrees of colon passage disorders were distinguished. Surgical policy depended on location of the tumor, degree of the obstruction, severity of general state and concomitant diseases. General postoperative lethality was 13% (43 of 326 operated patients died). Resection of the colon and subtotal colectomy with one-stage intestinal reconstruction may be recommended for patients with compensated stage of intestinal obstruction and stable general state.
[Role of the liver in low intestinal obstruction].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Fecal impaction following methadone ingestion simulating acute intestinal obstruction,.
A hitherto unreported clinical entity, namely fecal impaction following methadone ingestion simulating acute intestinal obstruction, is described. Five cases admitted to the Surgical Service of the Beth Israel Medical Center in New York City are discussed. The nature and pathogenesis of the obstruction are analyzed and a suggested method of managing these cases is presented. It is emphasized that with expansion and increasing acceptance of Methadone Maintenance Treatment Programs, the number of such cases will increase. It is thus important that physicians become aware of the existence of this syndrome since involvement in methadone maintenance may be a life-long commitment for persons involved, thus increasing the incidence of the complication. It is also imperative to avoid unnecessary, and possibly harmful surgical intervention in such cases.
[The structure of endogenous intoxication in acute intestinal obstruction and the methods for its correction].
The structure of endogenic intoxication by products of the intermediate metabolism was studied in 32 patients with intestinal obstruction. The leading components of the endogenic intoxication are: acetone, propionic aldehyde and ethanol. In cases of a complicated course of the intestinal obstruction the operative treatment by traditional therapy in the postoperative period proved to be insufficient. Sessions of the intravascular laser irradiation of blood reducing the concentration of acetone and propionic aldehyde were performed in 19 patients without any changes in the concentration of ethanol.
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: an unusual cause of intestinal obstruction in brain-injured children.
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare cause of upper intestinal obstruction in both adults and children. Sixteen children with severe traumatic brain injury and spastic quadriparesis developed small intestinal obstruction while undergoing a rehabilitation programme between 1981 and 1990. Five patients met the roentgenographic diagnostic criteria. The presenting symptom was post-prandial bilious vomiting. The mean age was 13 (10-16) years. The mean time clapsed from injury to diagnosis was 53 days and from rehabilitation admission to diagnosis 22 days. The mean delay in diagnosis after onset of symptoms was 4 days. All patients were of disproportionately lower body weight in relation to height, with a mean weight loss of 7 kg. The mean percentile for weight was 18 and height 58, with a difference of 30 between height and weight percentiles. The patients were receiving nasogastric or gastrostomy tube feedings at the onset of the symptoms. All patients were treated non-surgically with gastric aspiration, nasojejunal or gastrojejunal feeding by passing a feeding tube distal to obstruction. No patient required intravenous hyperalimentation. There was no recurrence in any patient during the follow-up period of 1-5 years. Though rare, superior mesenteric artery syndrome can develop in brain-injured children with spastic quadriparesis, prolonged recumbency and recent weight loss. Increased awareness of occurrence of this condition and timely management will decrease morbidity and complications that may interfere with recovery.