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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Economic welfare of Canadian children: changes and implications for social policy].

"This study recommends courses of action within the scope of social policy revision in Canada, aiming to increase funding for children. These recommendations stem from a critical review of guaranteed income programmes and an analysis of the actual economic welfare of children. The authors describe the evolution of the nature of the family in Canada over the past twenty years and of the economic status of children. Their assessments are based on an analysis of cross-sectional micro-level data on income and socio-economic characteristics drawn from a very large sample of Canadian families." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Internal migration, center-state grants, and economic growth in the states of India.

"This paper examines the growth experience of 20 states of India during 1961-91, using cross-sectional estimation and the analytical framework of the Solow-Swan neoclassical growth model. We find evidence of absolute convergence--initially poor states grew faster than their initially rich counterparts. Also, the dispersion of real per capita state incomes widened over the period 1961-91. However, relatively more grants were transferred from the central government to the poor states than to their rich counterparts. Significant barriers to population flows also exist, as net migration from poor to rich states responded only weakly to cross-state income differentials."

Asia↗
PubMed1998

A note on intergenerational risk sharing and the design of pay-as-you-go pension programs.

"Different versions of pay-as-you-go public pension programs may have entirely different effects on the intergenerational distribution of income risk. If the pension benefit is a fixed proportion of previous labor income, a pay-as-you-go program increases the net income risk of all generations. On the other hand, a pay-as-you-go program characterized by a fixed labor income tax rate and uncertain pension benefits provides intergenerational risk sharing."

Americas↗
PubMed1988

Income inequality in small regions: a study of Australian statistical divisions.

This paper provides "empirical analysis of the nature of the relationship between economic development of regions and income inequality in Australian sub-state regions. It does so in the context of considering the validity of the 'augmented inverted U' hypothesis and the influence of factors such as the business cycle, political issues, and demographic trends, which are likely to cause income inequality to change over time." Data are from the Australian censuses for the years 1976 and 1981.

Australia↗
PubMed1987

Development and human resources in the Islamic world: a study of selected countries.

"The present paper attempts to provide an analytical profile of development and human resources in [12] selected [Islamic] countries." The countries--Bangladesh, Somalia, Pakistan, Indonesia, Egypt, Turkey, Malaysia, Algeria, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and United Arab Emirates--vary in income levels from low to high and in population size from 1 million to 159 million. Using data from the World Bank and the Population Council, comparisons are made on the basis of mortality and fertility levels, family size, income, urbanization, labor force size and growth, education, nutrition, and health. Governmental policy changes and future directions are discussed.

Africa↗
PubMed1994

Internal migration, earnings, and the importance of self-selection.

This paper analyzes the impact of internal migration on earnings within the human capital model framework. Since migrants constitute a non-random sample of population, the endogenous nature of migration decision warrants necessary correction for the selectivity bias in their earnings function. The Mincer-type earnings model is thus augmented to determine the extent of this bias. Besides estimating the standard Mincerian earnings model, the paper also attempts to verify the learn-as-you-go proposition by introducing migration duration variables in the earnings model. Based on the household level Population, Labor Force, and Migration (1979-80) survey data, the analysis yields the following important conclusions: (i) the data allowed a meaningful estimation of Mincerian earnings function for migrants and non-migrants; (ii) the level of schooling was one of the important determinants of the distribution of income both for migrants and nonmigrants--the four categorical variables of education were in general statistically significant with expected signs, implying that the hypothesis of a positive relationship between income and education was accepted; (iii) the rates of return to education improved systematically with higher levels of education, thus confirming the notion that education serves as a signalling device; (iv) the age-income profile was almost linear for migrants but showed concavity for nonmigrants; (v) the presence of sample-selection was observed for migrants; and (vi) even after controlling for the influence of personal characteristics, i.e., education and experience, the long-standing migrants earned relatively more at the destination than the more recent migrants.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Family structure and income: a first analysis on cross-section data].

"In the paper the hypothesis of differences in household incomes depending on the sex of the householder is investigated. The data come from the 1991 Bank of Italy Survey on Household Income....A multiple regression model has been formulated in order to appreciate the contribution of the householder's sex to the family and per-capita income differentials." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Demography↗