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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Antihistaminic or anti-degranulating activity of pregnancy serum].

From observation of women who had anaphylactic accidents to hymenoptera venoms, with positive histamine release, we have noticed that these same patients lose their histamine release during pregnancy. Measurement of histamine release to pollens confirms the existence of a histaminase, which develops from the third month of the pregnancy and which is the origin of the loss of histamine release. This study makes eliminates a possible anti-degranulation ability of pregnancy sera.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1987

Role of endogenous histamine in postanaphylactic phase of allergic inflammation in rats.

Role of endogenous histamine in postanaphylactic phase of allergic inflammation was examined by using a rat model of allergic inflammation of air pouch type. Histamine in the exudate revealed a biphasic increase. The anaphylactic increase was followed by rapid decrease and then by a gradual rising in postanaphylactic phase with the maximum attained around 24 hr after the antigenic challenge. It again decreased gradually. The histamine increase in the postanaphylactic phase was accompanied by the increase of histidine decarboxylase activity in inflammatory tissues. Local administration of pyrilamine, an H1 antagonist, together with either methysergide, a serotonin antagonist, or cimetidine, an H2 antagonist, was unable to inhibit vascular permeability response in the postanaphylactic phase. When histaminase was administered locally in the postanaphylactic phase to reduce histamine in the exudate, neutrophil accumulation in the exudate was enhanced without any change in exudate accumulation. Enhancement of the neutrophil accumulation was also inducible with local administration of cimetidine but not with pyrilamine. Local administration of histamine inhibited the neutrophil accumulation dose-dependently. These results suggest that endogenous histamine released in the postanaphylactic phase contributes to downward regulation of neutrophil accumulation in the inflammatory site without affecting the vascular permeability.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1987

[Functional mesenchymal indices in peptic ulcer].

Altogether 84 patients with duodenal ulcer were examined for a study of mesenchyma function. The blood level of oxyproline, the system of histamine-histaminase-histaminopexic index, and the level of serotonin before and after treatment were studied. The level of IgG, A, M and the amount of T- and B-lymphocytes were defined for assessment of the immune system. The basal level of oxyproline in patients with peptic ulcer was lowered and returned almost to normal after treatment. These changes as well as changes of biogenic amines and immune system indicate the presence of shifts in the collagen system in peptic ulcer.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1985

[Hypereosinophilias of the blood. I. Eosinophilic granulocytes].

A knowledge of eosinophil granulocytes is indispensable for the study of hypereosinophilia. For this reason, the most recent findings relating to eosinophil morphology, production/regulation mechanism, and function are reported. Particular attention is given to enzyme populations, local control mechanisms and eosinophil cell surface receptors. Among the various enzymes present in the eosinophil, major basic protein (MBP), with its capacity to damage the cells of many organs, plays an important part; other enzymes include eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), arylsulphatase B, phospholipase D, histaminase and cationic proteins (ECP). Factors influencing eosinophil tissue concentrations and mode of action are considered. Recent findings agree on the role of eosinophils in immunological reactions and parasitic infestations: eosinophil plays a part in an immunological physiopathological sequence: it may, act as a killer cell with selective action against invading parasites, or it may be an immune modulator, anti-inflammatory cell able to surround inflammatory reactions and prevent them from spreading.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1985

[Histamine metabolism in patients with chronic gastritis].

Examination of 104 patients has demonstrated that in marked exacerbation of chronic gastritis, surface involvement of the gastric mucosa largely localized to the fundal part, high acid-peptic activity and short-term duration of the disease, absolute hyperhistaminemia are noted. Subsiding gastritis exacerbation, the presence of glands atrophy, primary involvement of the mucous membrane in the antral part of the stomach, secretory insufficiency, as well as the disease of many years are accompanied of absolute hypohistaminemia manifesting in a low blood histamine content, the activity of histaminase and histaminopexia being unchanged or elevated.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in histamine and serotonin metabolism in experimental tetanus].

A gradual increase in histamine content with simultaneous elevation in the histaminase activity were observed in many tissues of guinea-pigs and cats in dynamics of tetanic intoxication. A universal accumulation of serotonin at early steps of intoxication with subsequent decrease in its content were also found in development of severe generalized tetanus. At the same time, in several tissues the inhibition of glycolysis and impairment in electrolyte balance were observed. Artificial pulmonary ventilation was accompanied only by partial compensation in impairment of the histamine and electrolytes metabolism. The metabolic impairments studied possess the complex genesis, they are not related solely to the effect of hypoxic factor and may form the basis for impairment in the excitability of various structures, for alteration in their energy provision and for operation in dynamics of tetanic intoxication.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1977

Tumour-associated inhibition of immediate hypersensitivity reactions in mice.

The intensity of anaphylactic shock was lower in C3H mice carrying a methylcholanthrene-induced tumour (McC3) than in their normal counterparts when immunized with ovalbumin and challenged i.v. after 14 days. This tumour-associated inhibitory effect on active systemic anaphylaxis was exerted mainly on events occurring after homocytotropic antibody synthesis because the serum titres of these antibodies were comparable in normal and tumour-bearing animals. In addition, passive systemic anaphylactic reactions were suppressed in animals carrying the tumour and the sensitivity of these animals to challenge with histamine and serotonin mixtures was also reduced. The presence of a growing McC3 tumour did not, however, diminish the amine-sensitizing effect of treatment with Bordetella pertussis vaccine. The McC3 tumour inhibited the generation of passive cutaneous anaphylactic reactions, an effect that was also exerted by a tumour extract, particularly when administered to the recipients shortly before antigen challenge. Thus immediate hypersensitivity reactions, like a variety of other immunological processes, can be inhibited by tumour products which by compromising the immune status of the host might permit tumour growth. The nature of the inhibiting factor is unknown, except that it is probably not the amine-degrading enzyme histaminase. In addition, which it is uncertain whether the inhibitory effect is exerted directly or indirectly, the possible importance of prostaglandins in the phenomenon is discussed.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1977

Combination chemotherapy of an APUDoma. With special reference to the therapeutic value of monitoring hormonal substances.

Investigations are presented on the occurrence of tumour products during combination chemotherapy of a 49-year-old female with an APUDoma metastatic to the liver. Calcitonin was demonstrated in high concentration in the tumour tissue. Serum calcitonin, serum histaminase and 5-HIAA in a 24-hour urine sample increased immediately after the administration of cytotoxic agents, falling subsequently below the pretreatment level. These findings indicate a therapeutic effect with lysis of tumour cells. Continuous determination of the three tumour substances showed an increase in these products before clinical suspicion of progression. Electron microscopic examination during the initial course disclosed the tumour to be an APUDoma. Autopsy failed to disclose a primary site outside the liver. Further autopsy findings were an adenoma of the thyroid and a chromofobe adenoma of the pituitary, thus assigning the patient to type 1 multiple endocrine neoplasia.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory substances on mediators of inflammation].

The action of nonsteroid antiinflammatory substances on the content in the inflammation focus of the inflammation reaction mediators, histamine, serotonin and kinines, and some aspects of their metabolism were studied. Sodium mephenaminate and butadion are shown to bring down the histamine content in the exudate of rats with experimental pleurisy. Sodium mephenaminate depresses the histamine synthesis (by inhibiting histidine decarboxylase in the pulmonary tissue), while butadion activates decomposition of this amine (by raising histaminase activity). All the study compounds (except sodium mephenaminate) force down the serotonin level in the exudate and inhibit 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase. The content of kininogen in the exudate decreases only under the influence of butadion. Sodium mephenaminate and butadion mitigate the reaction of the dermal vessels to exogenous histamine and serotonin and chingamine does so only in response to histamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Inhibition of granulation tissue growth by histamine.

Granulomas were induced in rats by subcutaneous implantation of formalin-soaked filter-paper disks. Daily subcutaneous injection of histamine at doses of two times 0.05 mg/kg and above inhibited the growth of granulation tissue as measured by a marked decrease in the dry-defatted granuloma weight and of the hydroxyproline and hexosamine content. Histological observations of granulation tissue indicated that histamine inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts and the formation of capillaries. Inhibitory effects were also observed with the histamine releaser, sinomenine, and the histaminase inhibitor, aminoguanidine. These histamine effects seem not to be mediated by glucocorticoid release, since an effective dose level of histamine produced no change in growth or thymus weight. Prednisolone was less potent than histamine in inhibiting Prednisolone was ineffective at the dose tested. Subcutaneous injection of the H2-receptor antagonist, burimamide, blocked these histamine effects and also of sinomeinine and aminoguanidine. The H1-receptor antagonist, mepyramine, did not block these histamine effects. Burimamide alone enhanced the growth of granuloma. These results indicate that granulation-tissue growth in inflammation is affected by the inhibitory effect of endogenous histamine acting through H2-receptors.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1978

Histamine poisoning in tuberculosis patients on ingestion of tropical fish.

Three cases of histamine reaction occuring in tuberculosis patients on ingestion of a species of tropical fish, Sardinella (Amblygaster) sirm are reported. The symptoms and the circumstances leading to the reactions are almost identical with those previously reported with another variety of tropical fish, the skipjack or bonito. Isoniazid is a histaminase inhibitor. When fish with a high histamine content is eaten the histamine level in the tissues tends to rise thus producing features of histamine intoxication.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Study of prostaglandin synthesis during anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs].

In guinea pigs actively sensitized with ovalbumin and shocked, we have measured blood histamine and histaminase, pulmonary content in cycli AMP and prostaglandins (PG) E1, E2 and F2alpha. In pulmonary efferent blood, both PGE and PGF are increased. In lung tissue, only PGF2alpha, which are bronchoconstructive mediators, are increased. Th increased level in PG seems to have two origins: first a specific increase, then an increased synthesis secondary to histamine release.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1980

Effects of histamine on monocyte complement production. I. Inhibition of C2 production mediated by its action on H2 receptors.

Histamine produced dose-dependent inhibition of the production of the second complement component (C2) by monocytes in tissue culture. The effect was not associated with either cell death, as ascertained by trypan blue exclusion, or loss of cells from the monolayer, as determined by measuring their DNA content. The specificity of the response was shown by the failure of histidine or histamine metabolites to inhibit C2 production. Preincubation of histamine with histaminase also abrogated the histamine effect. The kinetics of the effect were extremely rapid and irreversible, most of the reduction being achieved during a 5-min exposure to histamine. The H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine was able to prevent the histamine response, whereas chlorpheniramine, the H1 receptor antagonist, had no effect. Dimaprit and 4-methyl histamine, H2 receptor agonists, simulated the effect of histamine whereas the H1 receptor agonist 2-(2-aminoethylthiazole) was ineffective, confirming that the effect of histamine on C2 production by monocytes is mediated by the H2 receptors. Thus histamine, released from basophils or mast cells by the C3 and C5 cleavage products C3a and C5a respectively, may exert a negative feedback on further C3 and C5 cleavage by limiting the formation of the C3 (C42) and C5 (C423b) convertases.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1980

[Histamine as the principal pathogenetic factor in gastroduodenal ulcer. Research priorities].

A research group led by L. Businco between 1937 and 1942 was able, by applying new measuring methods in a variety of experimental situations, to demonstrate for the first time a concrete pathogenetic link between histamine and gastroduodenal ulcer. These personal researches produced the following objective data: increase in blood histamine in more than 70% of patients with ulcers; presence of histamine in the gastric juice of ulcer patients; diminution of blood histamine after gastric resection; increase in blood histamine in patients with postoperative peptic ulcer; increase in tissue histamine in ulcerous zones; diminution in blood histamine, parallel clinical improvement and contemporaneous diminution in total and hydrochloric acidity in patients treated with histaminase. The discover by Black et al of cimetidine as an antagonist of H2 receptors to which is added the gastric secretory stimulus of histamine, underscores the role played by this substance in determining gastroduodenal ulcer.

Cimetidine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biogenic amine metabolism in homeotherms exposed to pesticides of different chemical nature].

Some aspects of the biogenic amines -- serotonin and histamine metabolism in rats and guinea pigs following introduction to them of pesticides of different chemical nature, viz. gamma-isomer of hexachlorcyclohexane (lindane) and dimethyldithiocarbamate zinc (zyram) were studied. These pesticides were found to dissimilarly affect the passage with urine of the principal serotonin metabolite -- 5-oxyindol-acetic acid. A short-term (2 days) introduction to rats of large doses (34 mg/kg) of lindane and a protracted (90 days) action of low doses (1.7 mg/kg) produce changes in the content of serotonin and of 5-oxyindol-acetic acid in the brain, liver and kidneys. In the blood of guinea pigs receiving for a lenthy time (120 days) small amounts (4 mg/kg) of zyram shifts in the histamine-histaminase-histaminopexy system were revealed, this pointing to the ability of this pesticide to provoke the state of sensitization.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1984

Expression of IgE receptors and histamine in cloned natural killer cell lines.

Natural killer (NK) activity is mediated by large granulated lymphocytes (LGL). Recently, the relationship of NK cells to mast cells and basophils has been suggested. We therefore examined three distinct interleukin 2-dependent cloned cell lines capable of mediating NK lysis. Virtually all the cells of each line contained membrane-bound granules. Interestingly, ultrastructural studies demonstrated that the granules in each cell line were morphologically distinct and thus heterogeneous. All three cloned, granulated NK cell lines were found to variably express low numbers (less than or equal to 1.3 X 10(4)) of low affinity plasma membrane IgE receptors (Fc epsilon R). In contrast to mast cells and basophils, however, none were found to express high numbers of high affinity Fc epsilon R. In addition, none of the three NK cell lines were found to contain histaminase-sensitive histamine. Our results suggest that NK cells are not related to mast cells or basophils.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biochemical, physiological and pathophysiological aspects of intestinal diamine oxidase.

Studies were performed on the distribution and properties of intestinal diamine oxidase (DAO) previously called histaminase. DAO activity is high in the gastrointestinal tract of all investigated species. The highest values are in the aboral part of the small intestine: where DAO is localized in the mucosa, predominantly in the top villus region. A high reaction velocity of human intestinal DAO is observed with putrescine, methylhistamine and histamine. H2 receptor antagonists and an agonist (impromidine) inhibit intestinal DAO. The physiological and pathophysiological significance of intestinal DAO in the regulation of histamine and putrescine levels is described, as is the possibility that DAO may act as a growth retardant.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1978

The emerging role of carcinodevelopmental antigens in the clinical laboratory.

Patterns of carcinoembryonic antigens (CEA) in fetal gut, seminal plasma, and amniotic fluids were investigated. In fetal gut the broadest range of CEA-expression occurred during the period of maximal mucosal differentiation. While normal adult colon or other fetal stages expressed lower quantitative and qualitative amounts of CEA, maximal CEA expression could be found in a pool of 20 primary adenocarcinomas of the colon. Low levels of CEA in seminal plasma were associated with subfertile, poorly differentiated sperm as opposed to CEA levels found in either normal ejaculates or those obtained from vasectomized, previously fertile males. In amniotic fluid CEA remained at a constant level between the 16th and 22nd week in utero as did fructose and urea levels. Glucose and histaminase levels showed great variance. The relationship of these latter findings to genetic defects is currently being investigated. These data suggest that an ever increasing number of biologic samples will be tested in the clinical laboratories for carcinodevelopmental antigen levels. These will be used for the prognosis and/or diagnosis of abnormal differentiation patterns in patients with cancer or in the developing fetus.

Amniotic Fluid↗