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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Cardiac transplantation at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation.

The past 15 years has seen a significant evolution of heart transplant patient selection criteria, definition of suitable donors, immunosuppressive strategies, infection prophylaxis and treatment, and post-transplant patient surveillance. Primarily important has been broadening of the donor suitability definition and an evolution toward transplanting more ill and hemodynamically unstable patients. Despite "pushing the envelope" with both patient and donor selection and with transplanted patients generally being more ill, we believe our outcomes at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation are exemplary. The one- and 3-year survival rates for 265 heart transplants performed during 1996-1998 were 88% and 81%, respectively. Key to the success of our program has been close interdisciplinary working relationships and respect, broad and expert consultative support services, a desire to investigate clinical challenges, and dedication to excellence. Of additional importance is the realization that no matter how difficult we believe our difficulties are, we realize that those of our patients are vastly greater.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The disappearance of Dutch malaria and the Rockefeller Foundation.

Sixty years ago Professor Nico Swellengrebel wrote his famous book 'Malaria in the Netherlands' (Swellengrebel and de Buck, 1938). At that time tertian malaria was still endemic, with its epidemic ups and downs. Malaria disappeared as recently as 1960 and the Rockefeller Foundation (RF) contributed substantially to this effect. The Rockefeller Archives proved a valuable source of anecdotal information, which puts the scientific publications of the Dutch malariologists in a more vivid perspective. Following the course of history, first the already existing links with the RF are explained along with some peculiarities of tertian malaria in the Dutch temperate climate. The emergence of a new epidemic during the war years and the implication of new tools and principles for control as advocated by the RF are described. The subsequent shriveling of the vector population and the disappearance of malaria are presented, along with some details about the reluctance of WHO to declare the Netherlands malaria-free. Finally, recent unrest about possible return of malaria is put into perspective.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Technology and malaria control, 1930-1960: the career of Rockefeller Foundation engineer Frederick W. Knipe.

Frederick W. Knipe was a malaria-control engineer with the Rockefeller Foundation, serving in Bulgaria, Albania, India, Mexico, Italy, and the United States. There were two phases to his career: from 1930 to 1943 he focused on drainage works that reduced or eliminated mosquito habitat, and from 1944 to 1960 he supervised DDT spraying programs. His appointments to the WHO Expert Committee on Insecticides, 1948-55, demonstrate that his contributions to malaria-control were highly regarded by his peers.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The new health philanthropy: ensuring the effective use of conversion foundation assets.

Across the country, the conversion of nonprofit hospitals and health insurance plans to for-profit status is resulting in the creation of new philanthropic foundations. The preservation of these assets--and their continued use for public benefit--is required by law. This issue of States of Health discusses an additional challenge facing consumers and communities: ensuring that these assets are most effectively used to promote community health.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1992

A libertarian critique of H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.'s The Foundations of Bioethics.

CONCLUSION: Although Engelhardt's The Foundations of Bioethics is an impressive work, it is plagued by problems of justification, conceptual confusion, and inconsistencies....A libertarian theory can arrive at the same basic requirements of mutual respect, autonomy, nonuse of force, and tolerance for a wide range of diverse life styles without relying on a lowest-common-denominator principle and without depriving fetuses, infants, and the mentally retarded of their status as persons. This can be done by taking a deontological approach to libertarian theory that denies that all moral beliefs are worthy of respect. Some beliefs, such as Engelhardt's belief that fetuses, infants, and the mentally retarded are nonpersons, simply fall beneath the floor of acceptable moral alternatives, even in a libertarian society, because such beliefs are based on a misunderstanding of personhood and violate the principle of mutual respect.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed2000

Getting funding from foundations.

One of the most challenging parts of developing a new program is getting it funded. In this brief we spotlight an area agency on aging that sought (and received!) funding from multiple foundations for an extensive new Medicare education program in its area. We feature advice from the grantee and the funders for those looking for grants to support new programs.

Foundations↗
PubMed1978

Contraceptive research projects were awarded $1.5 mil. by Ford Foundation.

The Population Council received a $700,000 grant for a contraceptive leads program carried out by the International Committee for Contraceptive Research. The program, a multicountry effort, will test the effectiveness of an under-the-skin contraceptive implant, a vaginal contraceptive ring, an antipregnancy vaccine, and other products. The Program for the Introduction and Adaptation of Contraceptive Technology received $262,000 to modify contraceptive devices to fit the needs of different cultures around the world. 10 universities and research labs in 6 countries received $544,932 for basic research and training in reproductive biology. The University of California received $21,500 to study endocrine-immunological relationships during pregnancy; The University of Dublin received $95,000 to study implantation; the Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (Argentina) received $48,000 for research on sperm maturation; Mahidol University (Thailand) received $78,430 for research on the structure of nuclear proteins in mammalian sperm; the Clinical Research Institute of Montreal received $31,000 to study testicular factors affecting hormonal secretion; and the University of Rochester received $34,000 to study the pineal gland and reproduction. The University of Texas received 2 grants totaling $151,000 for research and training in reproductive biology; The University of Toronto received $56,000 for research on male and female reproductive tissues, and the Zoological Society of London received $30,000 to study epididymal protein secretions in the rabbit. The Ford Foundation has committed more than $225 million over the past 25 years to programs aimed at limiting fertility.

Economics↗
PubMed2002

Under siege. The proposed sale of Health Midwest has landed the not-for-profit in the fight of its life. At stake--control of an $800 million foundation.

Two state attorneys general, one goal. Kansas' and Missouri's top lawyers are teaming up against the board of directors of Health Midwest, which is battling to survive and control an estimated $800 million foundation that would result from the sale of its assets to HCA. Kansas Attorney General Carla Stovall (left) and her Missouri counterpart have asked the courts to dissolve Health Midwest and oust its board.

Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMed2002

Ramazzini Foundation cancer program: history and major projects, life-span carcinogenicity bioassay design, chemicals studied, and results.

The Ramazzini Foundation research program was started over thirty years ago. The features of this program are: (1) systematic and integrated project design; (2) consistency over time; (3) homogeneity of approach: key members of the team remain unchanged; and (4) choice to work on new frontiers of scientific research. The program centers mainly on three projects: Project 1: experimental carcinogenicity bioassays; Project 2: experimental anticarcinogenesis assays to identify factors and active principles (compounds) capable of opposing the onset of tumors while being suitable for preventive/chemopreventive intervention; Project 3: epidemiological studies, both descriptive and analytical, on tumor incidence and mortality in persons professionally and environmentally exposed to industrial carcinogenic risks. The project involving experimental carcinogenicity bioassays for the identification of exogenous carcinogens (environmental and industrial above all) began in 1966. This project has included 398 experimental bioassays on 200 compounds/agents using some 148,000 animals monitored until their spontaneous death. Among the studies already concluded, 47 agents have shown "clear evidence" of carcinogenicity. The results have demonstrated for the first time that (1) vinyl chloride can cause liver angiosarcoma as well as other tumors; (2) benzene is carcinogenic in experimental animals for various tissues and organs; (3) formaldehyde may produce lymphomas and leukemias; and (4) methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE), the most common oxygenated additive used in gasolines, can cause lymphomas/leukemias. Many of the results achieved have led to the introduction of norms and measures of primary prevention.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[The Erasme Foundation].

Created in 1982 to encourage the scientific research in the Erasme Hospital, the Erasme Foundation has founded 174 research grants, has financially supported the building of the Cellular and Molecular Therapy Unit, and has organized more than 60 lectures in various biomedical fields.

Belgium↗
PubMed2003

Foundation trusts. Hitting the big time.

Foundation trusts offer the potential for substantial local autonomy. Their governance arrangements raise concerns. Lay non-executives in primary care trusts will face difficulties holding hospitals to account.

Community Participation↗
PubMed2003

The National Psoriasis Foundation Psoriasis Score (NPF-PS) system versus the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) and Physician's Global Assessment (PGA): a comparison.

The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and Physician Global Assessment (PGA) are commonly used, but fail to measure quality of life and the patient's perception of well-being. In response to these limitations, the National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF) Medical Advisory Board has developed the NPF Psoriasis Score (NPF-PS). This article evaluates the degree of concordance between NPF-PS, PASI, and PGA scores via an investigator-initiated, single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of thirty-three patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Our results indicated that NPF-PS was strongly correlated with PASI and PGA in this study, while better reflecting patient perception. This is the first report of a double-blind placebo-controlled study demonstrating this concordance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[The insigne and suntuoso Royal Hospital of Granada (I). Royal foundations and the hospital regrouping (1501-1526)].

In the 1520s the local authorities planned to set up a new modern hospital in the city of Granada by combining two existing Royal Hospitals: Alhambra and Reyes. As a public institution and as a new building, the new hospital could develop the mandates of the original foundation and extend its care to become a general hospital. In this way it would strengthen its status as a charitable undertaking and legacy of the Catholic Monarchs and, secondly, as a great architectural monument.

Foundations↗
PubMed2000

The Lupus Foundation as an additional source for case ascertainment: developing a community-based lupus registry.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the local Lupus Foundation of America (LFA) chapter would provide a unique source of additional lupus incident cases for a population-based incidence registry of SLE. METHODS: We reviewed membership and telephone records from the LFA to identify potential lupus cases. These potential cases were compared with the names on our previously developed incidence registry. Non-matches were interviewed concerning demographic characteristics and the signs and symptoms of lupus. RESULTS: Of the 449 potential lupus cases identified through the LFA Western Pennsylvania Chapter (WPC), 108 (24%) were already in the incident lupus registry. Of the remaining unmatched cases, 26 reported a diagnosis of lupus in Allegheny County between 1985 and 1990. Of these, 5 patients met the criteria for definite or probable lupus. CONCLUSION: The LFA-WPC provided a negligible advantage in identifying additional incident lupus cases to those already identified through an established registry.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Clinton Foundation negotiates $140/Year HIV treatment, but U.S. won't buy.

The Clinton Foundation, World Bank, UNICEF, and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria announced that they could negotiate prices as low as $140 per year for triple-combination antiretroviral therapy. But the Bush Administration is refusing to buy generic medicines for its major HIV treatment program.

Anti-HIV Agents↗
PubMed2004

Potential application of the National Kidney Foundation's chronic kidney disease guidelines in a managed care setting.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem in the United States with rising incidence and prevalence. The disease may progress to end-stage renal disease, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The National Kidney Foundation recently established clinical practice guidelines to aid in the identification and stratification of CKD. Central to these guidelines is the use of glomerular filtration rate estimation equations. Integrated healthcare systems can use the guidelines to identify patients with CKD early in its course. Early identification allows for timely nephrology referral, institution of measures to slow the progression of CKD, and treatment of CKD-specific complications. Administration of these efforts early in the course of CKD improves subsequent morbidity and mortality of affected patients. By identifying CKD early in its course, patients can be referred to a coordinated case management team that can help administer care. The team can follow up a patient from the early diagnosis of CKD to end-stage renal disease and renal replacement therapy. Finally, continuous quality improvement can be instituted to assist in improving patient care.

Early Diagnosis↗
PubMed2004

[Of mice, vaccines and men: the Rockefeller Foundation Yellow Fever Program in Columbia, 1932-1948].

From 1927 on, a series of technological innovations revolutionized the study of yellow fever, leading to a re-conceptualization of the disease. The Rockefeller Foundation (RF) was at the vanguard of these developments, which made specialized laboratories an imperative. This paper explores the activities of the RF yellow fever cooperative programme in Colombia and their consequences, and shows how the RF constructed yellow fever as a continental problem and a public health priority for the American republics, investing heavily in basic research - its primary interest-, thus deviating attention and resources from other pressing health needs. At the same time, Colombian health authorities gained legitimacy through the prestige and resources of the programme, and were in a better position to advocate the role of research in national public health.

Allergy and Immunology↗