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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

The effect of a bioresorbable matrix barrier in endodontic surgery on the rate of periapical healing: an in vivo study.

The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to assess the rate of healing of periapical bony defects created at the time of endodontic periapical surgery by measuring the densitometric ratio change in periapical osseous tissues, after periapical endodontic surgery was performed, by using or not using Guidor bioresorbable membrane material. Periapical surgeries were performed on 25 patients where nonsurgical root canal therapy had failed and a periapical lesion was present. For inclusion in the study, the osseous defect to be analyzed had to be confined to the apical area, with bone covering the entire root surface coronally, and an intact lingual cortical plate had to be present. A series of radiographs at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month recalls were compared with the radiograph taken immediately after surgery by using digital imaging and a densitometric ratio that gave a numerical estimation of osseous healing. Using repeated-measure ANOVA, it was shown that there was no statistical difference between the rate of healing in those cases where a Guidor resorbable membrane was used and those cases where no membrane was used. The results suggest that placement of a guided tissue membrane over the bony opening created during an endodontic periapical surgical procedure has no beneficial effect on the rate of healing and the added expense to the patient would not be warranted in these cases.

Absorbable Implants↗
PubMed2003

Antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria associated with endodontic abscesses.

Antibiotics to treat endodontic infections are routinely prescribed based on previously published susceptibility tests. There is increased concern that bacteria have increased resistance to the currently recommended antibiotics. The purpose of this investigation was to perform antibiotic susceptibility tests on a panel of bacteria recently isolated from endodontic infections. The bacteria in this study were aseptically aspirated with a needle from endodontic abscesses, cultivated, and identified at the species level. Each of the 98 species of bacteria was tested for antibiotic susceptibility to a panel of six antibiotics using the Etest. The antibiotics were penicillin V, amoxicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, clindamycin, metronidazole, and clarithromycin. The percentages of susceptibility for the 98 species were penicillin V: 83/98 (85%), amoxicillin: 89/98 (91%), amoxicillin + clavulanic acid: 98/98 (100%), clindamycin: 94/98 (96%), and metronidazole: 44/98 (45%). Metronidazole had the greatest amount of bacterial resistance; however, if it is used in combination with penicillin V or amoxicillin, susceptibility of the combination with penicillin V or amoxicillin increased to 93% and 99%, respectively. Clarithromycin seems to have efficacy, but it is still considered an antibiotic under investigation because the minimum inhibitory concentration has not been established.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed2003

Bacteroides forsythus in primary endodontic infections as detected by nested PCR.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Bacteroides forsythus in primary endodontic infections using a species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction assay. Samples were collected from 50 teeth having carious lesions, necrotic pulps, and different forms of periradicular diseases. DNA extracted from the samples was initially amplified using universal 16S rDNA primers. A second round of amplification used the first polymerase chain reaction products to detect a specific fragment of B. forsythus 16S rDNA. B. forsythus was detected in 13 of 22 asymptomatic cases (59.1%), 4 of 10 root canals associated with acute apical periodontitis (40%), and 9 of 18 cases diagnosed as acute periradicular abscesses (50%). There was no relationship between the presence of B. forsythus and the occurrence of symptoms. In general, this bacterial species was detected in 26 of 50 samples of endodontic infections (52%). The findings of this study support the assertion that this bacterial species is associated with infections of endodontic origin and suggest that B. forsythus may be involved in the pathogenesis of different forms of periradicular lesions.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed2003

Positive and negative bacterial associations involving Dialister pneumosintes in primary endodontic infections.

Dialister pneumosintes is an anaerobic Gram-negative rod that has been recently implicated as a candidate endodontic pathogen. In this study, samples taken from abscessed teeth and infected root canals associated with asymptomatic or symptomatic periradicular lesions were examined for the occurrence of bacterial associations involving D. pneumosintes. DNA was extracted from the samples, and the presence of D. pneumosintes and 16 other bacterial species was determined by means of species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction. Positive and negative associations involving D. pneumosintes were investigated by computing the odds ratio of D. pneumosintes being found in a sample from endodontic infection in co-infection with one of the other target species. The association between the pairs containing D. pneumosintes and the occurrence of pain also was evaluated. D. pneumosintes was always detected in mixed infections with at least two of the other target species. D. pneumosintes was positively associated with Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreptococcus micros, Campylobacter rectus, Prevotella intermedia, T. pectinovorum, and T. vincentii. Negative associations were observed with Bacteroides forsythus, P. gingivalis, and Actinomyces israelii. No pair containing D. pneumosintes was found to be significantly associated with symptomatic cases (p > 0.01). The findings of this study lend considerable support to the notion of D. pneumosintes being an important endodontic pathogen, usually in a mixed infection. Positive associations of this species with other highly prevalent species, such as T. denticola and P. endodontalis, suggest that bacterial synergism can occur and thereby play an important role in the pathogenesis of different forms of periradicular lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Evaluation of meloxicam (A cox-2 inhibitor) for management of postoperative endodontic pain: a double-blind placebo-controlled study.

Successful management of endodontic pain represents a continuing challenge. The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial was to compare the pain reducing effect of oral preparations of meloxicam, piroxicam, and placebo in endodontic emergency patients. A total of 51 patients who presented to the Tehran University endodontic clinic and one private dental clinic were invited to participate. Patients were asked to evaluate their pretreatment pain with a visual-analog scale. After root canal therapy they were randomly assigned to one of three groups: meloxicam, piroxicam, or placebo. Each patient was sent home with a visual-analog scale to fill out at 8 and 24 h after completion of therapy. The results of this study showed no significant differences between efficacy of meloxicam, piroxicam, and placebo, but a significant effect of the time factor in reducing postoperative pain in all treatment groups was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Post placement and restoration of endodontically treated teeth: a literature review.

The restoration of endodontically treated teeth is a topic that is extensively studied and yet remains controversial from many perspectives. This article reviews the major pertinent literature on this topic, with an emphasis on major decision-making elements in post placement and restoration of endodontically treated teeth. Recommendations are made for treatment planning, materials, and clinical practices from restorative and endodontic perspectives.

Cementation↗
PubMed2005

The effect of the distance between post and residual gutta-percha on the clinical outcome of endodontic treatment.

To determine whether the distance between the post and the residual gutta-percha influences the clinical outcome of endodontic treatment, 94 endodontically treated teeth following post and core restoration were evaluated radiographically. The teeth were divided into three groups: (I) no gap between the gutta-percha and the post; (II) a gap of >0 to 2 mm; (III) a gap of >2 mm. Treatment outcome was evaluated in follow-up radiographs, taken 1 yr after treatment and up to 5 yr posttreatment. In group I, 83.3% of the teeth were evaluated normal, 53.6% of group II, and only 29.4% of group III. A gap between the gutta-percha and the post was related to an increased rate of emerged disease in endodontically treated teeth restored with a post and core.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of the apical seal in root canals prepared with a new rotary system and obturated with a methacrylate based endodontic sealer: an in vitro study.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the apical seal of root canals prepared with a new rotary system, Anatomic Endodontic Technology (AET) and filled with a methacrylate based endodontic sealer and a single gutta-percha cone and a lateral condensation technique, using the methacrylate based endodontic sealer/filler or Grossman's cement. The root canals of 45 freshly extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were prepared and then randomly assigned to three groups of 15 teeth each. After cleaning and shaping the teeth were obturated as follows: in group 1 the canals were filled with a methacrylate based sealer and a single gutta-percha cone; in group 2 the canals were filled using a lateral condensation technique with gutta-percha and the methacrylate based sealer; and in group 3, the canals were filled by means of lateral condensation of gutta-percha and Grossman's cement (control group). The specimens were stored in 100% relative humidity at 37 degrees C for 72 h, after which the coronal portion and the root surface of each tooth was covered with three layers of nail varnish and a final layer of sticky wax. After immersion in 2% methylene blue dye for 7 days, the specimens were imbedded in clear orthodontic resin and sectioned. Dye penetration was evaluated by an independent investigator using a stereo microscope. The results demonstrated that more pronounced leakage occurred in root canals obturated with the lateral condensation technique and Grossman's cement (p < 0.05). The least amount of dye leakage was observed for group 1 and 2 in which the methacrylate based sealer was used, either with a single gutta-percha cone or with lateral condensation of gutta-percha.

Dental Leakage↗
PubMed2005

Bone tissue response to a methacrylate-based endodontic sealer: a histological and histometric study.

Biocompatibility of endodontic sealers is a prime requisite for successful endodontic therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reaction of bone to a methacrylate-based endodontic sealer. Silicone tubes, filled with a methacrylate-based sealer and silicone rods used as controls, were implanted in the tibias of white male Wistar rats. Ten and 60 days after implantation the reaction of the bone was analyzed by means of histological and histometric methods. After 10 days the amount of reactionary bone in contact with the methacrylate-based sealer was significantly lower than that observed for the controls (p < 0.05). Cell counts demonstrated that the number of inflammatory cells that were in contact with the sealer were significantly higher (p < 0.05). After 60 days, no significant differences were observed in the amount of reactionary bone that was in contact with either material. The initial inflammatory reaction observed for the methacrylate-based sealer was resolved. Furthermore the cell counts demonstrated no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between the methacrylate based sealer and control.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2005

Adhesive dentistry and endodontics: materials, clinical strategies and procedures for restoration of access cavities: a review.

The complexity of restorative dentistry has increased greatly in recent years, with the myriad of products used in "adhesive dentistry." So too has the "simple" matter of restoring access cavities after completion of endodontic treatment. This review discusses current methods of "bonding" to tooth structure, ceramic materials, and metals, with emphasis on those aspects that are important to endodontics. Specific materials, procedures and major decision making elements are discussed, as well as how to avoid problems in compatibility between endodontic and restorative materials.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2005

Exploiting molecular methods to explore endodontic infections: Part 1--current molecular technologies for microbiological diagnosis.

Endodontic infections have been traditionally studied by culture-dependent methods. However, as with other areas of clinical microbiology, culture-based investigations are plagued by significant problems, including the probable involvement of viable but uncultivable micro-organisms with disease causation and inaccurate microbial identification. Innumerous molecular technologies have been used for microbiological diagnosis in clinical microbiology, but only recently some of these techniques have been applied in endodontic microbiology research. This paper intended to review the main molecular methods that have been used or have the potential to be used in the study of endodontic infections. Moreover, advantages and limitations of current molecular techniques when compared to conventional methods for microbial identification are also discussed.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed2004

Fraudulent management of digital endodontic images.

AIM: To present examples of radiographic image reconstructions in endodontic treatment, to discuss the potential problems arising from the use of image processing software and to mention some current methods to prevent such counterfeit utilization of digital endodontic radiographs. SUMMARY: Conventional Ultra-Speed periapical films of root canal treatment were digitized with flatbed scanner (Umax Powerlook II, Umax Technologies, Inc., Taiwan). Digital images were altered with PHOTOSHOP 6.0 software (Adobe Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA). Carious lesions, periapical pathoses, fake root canals and artificial fillings were created, and inadequate treatment was corrected by application of various image manipulation functions of the software. KEY LEARNING POINTS: Digital endodontic images can be altered with image processing software. The use of digital radiographic data inevitably raises concerns about security, reliability and the potential for fraud.

Computer Security↗
PubMed1990

Effect of gloves on tactile discrimination using an endodontic model.

This study used an endodontic model to investigate the effect of glove wearing on tactile sensitivity. Dental students, all of whom had worn gloves throughout their clinical training, used a file to detect resistance at the apical end of an endodontic teaching aid. Wearing gloves produced a statistically significant reduction in tactile sensitivity. As large intra- and inter-subject variations were observed both with and without gloves, the sensitivity change brought about by the wearing of the latter seems unlikely to be of significance in clinical endodontics.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Endodontic leakage studies reconsidered. Part I. Methodology, application and relevance.

An increasing number of endodontic leakage studies have been published. In the 1990 volumes of Journal of Endodontics and International Endodontic Journal, there was one leakage study to every 4.3 scientific articles. The most popular method was linear measurement of tracer (dye or radioisotope) penetration along a root filling. Comparing some data on linear measurement of dye penetration following the cold lateral condensation of gutta-percha that were published between 1980 and 1990, a high level of variation has been found, although the experimental methods used in these studies were quite similar. In almost all studies evaluating various techniques, the cold lateral condensation technique has been used as a standard control for comparison. The reliability of these results is questionable. The problems with such studies are discussed. It seems that more research should be done on leakage study methodology, instead of continuing to evaluate the sealing ability of different materials and techniques by methods that may give little relevant information.

Coloring Agents↗
PubMed1995

Periapical status of endodontically treated teeth in relation to the technical quality of the root filling and the coronal restoration.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of the quality of the coronal restoration and of the root canal obturation on the radiographic periapical status of endodontically treated teeth. Full-mouth radiographs from randomly selected new patient folders at Temple University Dental School were examined. The first 1010 endodontically treated teeth restored with a permanent restoration were evaluated independently by two examiners. Post and core type restorations were excluded. According to a predetermined radiographic standard set of criteria, the technical quality of the root filling of each tooth was scored as either good (GE) or poor (PE), and the quality of the coronal restoration similarly good (GR) or poor (PR). The apical one-third of the root and surrounding structures were then evaluated radiographically and the periradicular status categorized as (a) absence of periradicular inflammation (API) or (b) presence of periradicular inflammation (PPI). The rate of API for all endodontically treated teeth was 61.07%. GR resulted in significantly more API cases than GE, 80% versus 75.7%. PR resulted in significantly more PPI cases than PE, 30.2% versus 48.6%. The combination of GR and GE had the highest API rate of 91.4%, significantly higher than PR and PE with a API rate of 18.1%.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1995

Changes in endodontic status 1973-1993 among 35-year-olds in Oslo, Norway.

Epidemiological investigations from Scandinavia have documented high prevalence of apical periodontitis and inferior quality and results of endodontic treatment performed in general practice. The present investigation is part of a 20-year follow-up study on oral health in 35-year-old Oslo citizens focusing on endodontic conditions. The results indicate reduced prevalence of apical periodontitis and statistically significant improvement in endodontic status compared with results from a similar study performed in 1984.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Associations of endodontic symptoms and signs with particular combinations of specific bacteria.

Significant associations have been reported between (a) specific bacterial species isolated from root canals and (b) between individual bacterial species and endodontic symptoms and signs. The prime objective of this study was to determine whether particular combinations of specific bacteria are associated with individual endodontic symptoms and signs. Seventy root canals were investigated microbiologically taking care to maintain the viability of obligate anaerobes, which accounted for 64% of the total species isolated, including Peptostreptococcus micros, Prevotella melaninogenica, Prevotella oralis, Eubacterium aerofaciens, Eubacterium lentum, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella buccae and Prevotella intermedia. Significant associations were found between individual clinical features and the following pairs of species: (a) pain (37 cases) and Peptostreptococcus spp./Prevotella spp., Peptostreptococcus spp./Prevotella melaninogenica, Pstr. micros/Prev. melaninogenica (all P < 0.01); (b) swelling (23 cases) and Pstr. micros/Prevotella spp. (P < 0.01); (c) 'Wet' canal (57 cases) and Prevotella spp./Eubacterium spp. (P < 0.01), Peptostreptococcus spp./Eubacterium spp. (P < 0.05). Thus data from this investigation suggests that statistically significant associations exist between individual endodontic symptoms and signs and particular combinations of specific bacteria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Resolution of persistent periapical infection by endodontic surgery.

AIM: To examine the surfaces of a root tip removed during surgical endodontic treatment for the presence of microorganisms. SUMMARY: The present clinical case illustrates an endodontic retreatment of a maxillary premolar tooth with a fistula and periapical reaction. The case was under treatment for 1 year, during which an intracanal medicament was replaced several times. As the lesion did not decrease and exudate was persistent through the fistula and root canal, root end resection with root end filling was performed. Microbiological samples were collected from the fistula, where Propionibacterium acnes, a species associated with endodontic failures, was detected by appropriate anaerobic technique. The resected root apex was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed cocci and fungal forms surrounding one of the foramina. After 12 months, the periapical lesion had reduced.

Adult↗