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PubMed1982

[Practical evaluation of some discriminant criteria for the dermatoglyphic diagnosis of twin zygosity].

In practice identical twins are sometimes to be distinguished from non identical on physical resemblance what is mainly subjective. Quantitative criterias combined into a simple formula would offer a quick, objective and practical tool. This brought us to elaborate a discriminant score based on numerical dermatoglyphic data either used alone or introduced into given mathematical expressions. To do so we retained 7 parameters or functions already utilized by other authors: total finger ridge count, a-d ridge count, generalized distance (delta 2) and discriminant functions, S, T, L and Z (see text). Other assays done when neglecting some of these parameters are easier to calculate but lead to less satisfactory discrimination between MZ and DZ twins.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1981

Application of the major gene index and offspring-between-parents function to dermatoglyphic fingertip variables.

Forty-eight digital dermatoglyphic variables in 192 nuclear families were analyzed to search for evidence of major gene effects, utilizing a pair of recently developed statistics called the major gene index (MGI) and offspring-between-parents (OBP) function. They operate on the principle that under a multifactorial blending inheritance scheme an offspring's phenotypic value approximates the midparental value, whereas under major gene inheritance, the child's value more closely resembles that of one of his parents. Both statistics yielded comparable results. All ridge-count variables showed no strong deviation from a multifactorial model. Pattern-type variables gave values suggesting the presence of major gene effects, but these results were probably the consequence of the variables' relatively discrete distributions, since a departure of a variable from a reasonably continuous phenotypic distribution was shown to interfere significantly with the interpretation of both statistics.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1982

Grandparental influences in the expression of dermatoglyphics patterns on the fingertips.

The study of the occurrence of like patterns in grandparents and grandchildren allows for eight different sequences of gametic involvement in the contribution to a specific phenotype. Correlation between paternal and maternal grandparents and their grandchildren of both sexes for the occurrence of the major dermatoglyphics patterns on specific fingertips have been calculated. Such correlations reflect the amount of hereditary likeness between classes of relatives and may provide clues to the number of loci involved and to degree of dominance that may exist for the specification of some patterns over other. Using a synthetic index of pattern correlation, it was shown that paternal influence through two generations was least for the specification of whorls in males, and greatest for specification radial loops. In grandchildren of maternal grandmothers the influence on radial loops was least and greatest for specification of whorls, implying differential roles for chromosomal, oocytoplasmic and uterine environmental factors in patterns. A comparison of the pattern correlation indexes of the various grandparent-grandchild pairs might indicate whether this presumed difference in developmental influence is detectable.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1982

Abnormal dermatoglyphics in absence of thumb.

Dermatoglyphics of six patients with absence of thumb are described. Two specific abnormal configurations were seen in the palmar area. In the first, there was no axial triradius and the course of the ridges in the proximal part of the palm was transversal. In the second, a peculiar distal loop on the radial border was present with a palmar triradius. These abnormal patterns are probably due to the absence of a thenar volar pad or the presence of an abnormal one when the ridges are formed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1982

Dermatoglyphic studies in congenital heart disease in India.

Finger, palm and toe prints of 91 patients (53 male and 38 female) with congenital heart disease (CHD) were compared with those of 100 control subjects (50 male and 50 female). The CHD group included tetralogy of Fallot (TF), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), pulmonic stenosis (PS), atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD). The dermatoglyphic traits studied were finger tip patterns, palmar patterns, toe patterns, presence of accessory triradii, absence of c triradius, total finger ridge count, palmar ridge counts (a-b, b-c, c-d, a-d and t-d), main line index and pattern intensity index. When CHD was considered as a whole and when individual classifications of CHD were considered separately, significant differences from the controls were observed in some of the parameters. But, in general, the parameters showing significant differences were not the same from one category to next. However, one parameter stood out for its consistency. There was a considerable decrease in the t-d ridge count in all the categories of CHD studied, showing a distal displacement of the axial triradius to the t' position.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Effect of natural background radiation on dermatoglyphic traits.

Long term exposure to natural background radiation could cause gross abnormalities in individuals and at the population level. Studies conducted on the coastal Kerala population which is known to be receiving fifteen times the normal permissible dose of radiation support this. This study aims at understanding the deviations, if any, in the normal human variation as a result of such high natural radiation. A detailed quantitative and qualitative dermatoglyphic study was done on two communities i.e. Hindus and Christians, living separately in the radiation area. The significant differences were observed between control and exposed groups with regard to d-t ridge count, distances c-t and angle atd. The susceptibility of the axial triradius to environmental distrubances is discussed.

Background Radiation↗
PubMed1981

Cyclopia with trisomy 13 under special consideration of dermatoglyphics and flexion creases.

Report on a case of cyclopia with trisomy 13 (Patau-syndrome with cyclopia completa microphthalmica) and survey of relevant cases published in literature are presented. In addition to a combination of dermatoglyphic patterns and flexion creases typical for trisomy 13, some--so far not described--varieties are shown, above all a missing triradius d on the left and additional digital flexion creases on three phalanges. The possibility that the last mentioned observation might rather be due to population differences is discussed.

Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid↗
PubMed1981

[Dermatoglyphics and skin folds in Wilson's disease].

Dermatoglyphics and creases of 45 homozygous and 62 heterozygous carriers of the WILSON-gene found in 36 families of the GDR have been compared with a normal population (sufficient number, similar regional distribution). The results have been tested by statistical methods in order to check significance of the observed differences. In contrast to other publications interdigital ridge counts and creases of palmae, plantae and toes have been included into the evaluations. Some of our results differed from those published by other authors. The possible reasons are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Dermatoglyphic findings in children with mucoviscidosis and their parents].

Dermatoglyphics were investigated in 37 children with cystic fibrosis (17 boys, 20 girls, 4 pairs of them sibs) between two months and 17 years of age and in 30 of their parents. For the pattern distribution there were no differences between the patients or their parents respectively and the general population except for a higher tendency of reduction (O and X) of the main line C. Concerning the ridge structure in the children, all variations from normal ridges over enlarged sweat gland pores to complete ridge dissociation were found. For the degree of these structural changes and the jontophorese values a correlation coefficient r=+0.39 (p <0.05) resulted. While the frequency of ridge dissociation on the hypothenar is 56.8 % in the children with cystic fibrosis, the parents have a frequency of 23.4%. This value is lying between that of their children and the general population (13.4%).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dermatoglyphic analysis of polydactylies in man: identification of digital morphogenetic fields.

We analyzed dermatoglyphic patterns of patients with pre- and postaxial polydactylies. It was found that (i) an additional finger was always accompanied by the respective digital triradius, radiants and the main line, and (ii) in postaxial polydactylies a circular pattern of epidermal ridges around the 6th finger and a 2nd additional triradius are formed. On this basis it is suggested that the palmar main lines, radiants and digital triradii serve as marker structures and borders in the process of differentiation of digital morphogenetic fields out of a unitary field organized in a fashion described by a polar coordinate system model.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The dermatoglyphic indices in human macrodactyly].

The comparative dermatoglyphic analysis of palms and fingers of seven children with different forms of macrodactyly showed that they are fairly similar to those of normal children. The differences concern certain flattening of papillary ridges and reduced parameters of the total ridge count in the patients. Only in two cases of macrodactyly an increase in the relative length of fingers was accompanied by an increase in number of epidermal ridges and in the distance between fingers. If macrodactyly is based on somatic mutations or recombinations, then, depending on the time when the resulting mutant cell clones appear (before or after the epidermal ridges are laid down), the increased size of finger rudiments will or will not affect the value of ridge count.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Dermatoglyphics in congenital profound sensorineural hearing loss: a disease marker?

A dermatoglyphic profile was carried out in 108 cases of congenital profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with delayed development of speech and language (DDSL). Rolled finger prints and palmar patterns were obtained by the ink method and analysed by the Galton system. In the genetic group (Group A) triradii 6 was present whereas it was absent in the nongenetic (Group B) group and their controls (p < 0.001). Loop pattern in interdigital areas did not vary significantly from controls. The average 'atd' angle in Group A was 41 degrees and that in the Group B was 46 degrees (p > 0.5). Ulnar loops predominated over the radial loops. Absence of CPW on thumbs of Group A was noted. Total ridge count in the Group A was 98.84 and 109 in the Group B (p < 0.05). It was observed that no definite pattern existed in a constant fashion and it also exhibited a great degree of variation, hence their role in detection of hearing loss is questionable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Arm folding, hand clasping and dermatoglyphic asymmetry in Bulgarians.

Arm folding and hand clasping have been analysed in 2100 Bulgarians, 1050 of either sex. In both traits, significant preponderance of the left type over the right one was revealed. Also, in both traits the excess of the left type is more pronounced in females but this sexual heterogeneity is significant only in the arm folding. Examination of the possible association between arm folding and hand clasping showed the independence between both asymmetries. On the other hand, the comparison between both sexes concerning distributions of the four possible combinations of types revealed statistically significant sexual dimorphism in this respect. Two kinds of dermatoglyphic asymmetry, directional and relative, have been investigated and comparisons have been made between right and left claspers and between right and left folders, each sex separately and finger-by-finger. Although statistically significant differences are not numerous, they have been discussed from the point of view of the importance of relationships between functional and morphological asymmetries.

Arm↗
PubMed1996

Generalized microdontia and associated anomalies: a clinical, genetic, radiologic and dermatoglyphic study.

The clinical, genetic, radiological and dermatoglyphic findings of a case showing generalized microdontia associated with an extra maxillary central incisor, hypoplastic maxilla, prognathic mandible, wide-set of the ears, hooked nose, astigmatism, camptodactyly, flexion contractures of the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers, thinning of the fingers towards the distal end of the palm, and complete webbing of the IVth and Vth toes (syndactyly type III) and short stature were presented.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1995

[An analyses of plantar dermatoglyphic main line trend of Tibetans in suburbs of Lhasa].

Collected plantar prints with Ninhygrine-gourmet powder, traced main line trend with steromicroscope, the plantar dermatoglyphic main line trend of 250 sample Tibetans in good health in suburbs of Lhasa were analysed. They are composed of 125 males and 125 females. The results are as followes: Main line A of Tibetans trends chiefly towards area 1, and next towards area 7; main line B terminates mainly in area 1 and area 7 as well; main line C terminates mainly in area 1 and area 9; the frequency of main line D is the highest in area 1. The main line E chiefly towards area 13. Absence of triradius P is more, the frequency of main line pd termaiates higher (area 13 and area 11) than of main line Pf (area. 7). This paper compared the difference between sexes, nationalities and races. The results showed that the plantar main line trend of Tibetans have their own feature, and showed character of the Mongoloid.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1996

[Dermatoglyphics--an attempt to predict diabetes].

Dermatoglyphs do not change throughout life. The authors sought their "predictive type" for diabetes with regard to the possibility of early prediction and thus prevention of the development of diabetes, in particular type 2. They used a point score of the abnormality in three qualitative and two quantitative signs and found, as compared with the normal population, in groups of subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, DM II and DM I deviations with an increasing significance. The frequency of thus assessed abnormalities in each subject on both hands (0-10) was compared in relations to the diagnosis and family-history of diabetes and the authors evaluated the incidence of different abnormalities in the whole group of 300 subjects and in sub-groups. After statistical evaluation the authors conclude that the abnormality of the qualitative sign of the C line (lacking or reduced) could be considered as another early predictive factor: in the offsprings of diabetics for both types of diabetes, in the remainder for DM type 1.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1997

Dermatoglyphics in Araucanian Indians from Patagonia and multivariate comparisons with other Argentinian aboriginal populations.

Digital and palmar dermatoglyphics are reported for 94 Araucanian Indians from the Argentinian Patagonia. All the traits analyzed present values within the range of variation found in South Amerindians. The principal finding is the different behavior observed for the digital and palmar traits of the individuals of the tribe. Although finger variables show high sexual and bimanual variation (especially in males), palmar traits exhibit extreme homogeneity. Multiple discriminant analyses from palmar data and finger ridge counts separately were carried out with three other Argentinian Indian populations from the Gran Chaco. The results indicate high discrimination between the populations in both palmar variables and finger ridge counts. However, although the nature of interpopulation relationships obtained from palmar data conforms to the ethnohistorical and geographic patterns, no clear picture emerges when the finger ridge counts are used.

Argentina↗